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题型:阅读理解-单选 难度:0.4 引用次数:371 题号:19216185

With numbers of books and courses helping us develop self-discipline(自律), it seems quite obvious that self-discipline is highly valued. However, this may overstate the importance of being self-disciplined and make people worried. People with such worries are likely to push themselves harder and harder. Once their energy is burned out or their willpower breaks down, they will feel upset.

In fact, being self-disciplined isn’t about leading a restrictive(约束的)lifestyle. Although it seems to be usually connected with self-control and willpower, it still has to be based on respect for one’s own free will and effective methods. Some people are caught in a “self-discipline trap(陷阱)” where they always work hard, and mistakes, failure and laziness are not allowed. Is this really the way we can improve ourselves, or is it a way to make things worse? Even though staying self-disciplined is beneficial for self-improvement, it’s never something everyone must do in life.

How can we avoid being over self-restrained? Here are some ideas.

Follow your own energy flow and limit. Going against it may produce unpleasant results. For example, sleeping for five hours and then forcing yourself to get up for a morning run. The harm caused by not getting enough sleep may outweigh the good brought by running.

Follow your own heart. Information on the Internet has created a hidden competitive environment where many good examples lead the trends(潮流). People who see these are more likely to follow. Listen to your own voice instead of others. Think and decide whether it is what you truly want.

Change your goals and expectations. Some who are over self-restrained may set unrealistic goals and expectations. They may never stop until it’s perfect, even though nothing could really be perfect. For example, losing 10 pounds in a week. It then easily goes into an unhealthy cycle where they always set goals but never reach them.

Work smart instead of working hard. We might all have ever been stuck in a situation where, no matter how much effort we’ve made, the progress is slow. Have you found better ways to do it instead of just trying harder? For example, if I have a goal of learning 20 new words each day, I might follow the Forgetting Curve(遗忘曲线)to do it more effectively.

1. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?
A.The meaning of self-discipline.B.The ways to develop self-discipline.
C.The effects of being self-disciplined.D.The reason for being self-disciplined.
2. To avoid being over self-restrained, we should ________.
A.consider other people’s adviceB.follow good examples on the Internet
C.set up achievable goals and expectationsD.raise our energy limit to get good results
3. Why does the writer use the example of learning new words in the last paragraph?
A.To stress the value of working hard.
B.To explain how effort influences progress.
C.To suggest a good way of learning a language.
D.To show the importance of finding effective methods.
【知识点】 议论文 意见/建议

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【推荐1】

We’ve all felt confused before. The feeling of not knowing what the answers or solutions are can make us feel useless, stupid, and cause us to worry.

People are often likely to think the person who has all of the answers is smarter than the one who asks a lot of questions. As a result, people often try to hide their confusion in different ways. People sometimes act as if they have the answers. At other times, people make guesses or create an answer even if they know it isn’t right.

But confusion might actually be a good thing. When we jump to an answer, we don’t have time to explore (探索) the thing we’re confused about. Instead of paying no attention to your confusion, accepting it and taking the opportunity to think about what’s confusing can benefit our learning. In fact, scientific studies show that confusion actually leads to deeper understanding. A 2004 study explored six moods that people feel while learning, including upset, bored, and confused. They found that students who spent more of the lesson confused learned the most. In another study, scientists tried to confuse students by giving them contradicting (矛盾的) information. Students who expressed confusion during the lesson did better on the final test. Not knowing the answer to a problem gives us space to look at different ways to solve it. The feeling of confusion also encourages us to look more deeply into the problem. In the end, this helps us understand the topic on a deeper level.

Confusion is also important for learning your identity (身份). People find out their identity in two steps. The first step is exploration, where you try out different groups and values and see what fits. The next step is commitment, when you decide firmly (坚定地) about some parts of your identity. You make up your mind that you will act in a way that fits your identity. Exploring your identity can feel very confusing. But a study found, that people who do the most exploring about who they are have better outcomes such as higher self- confidence and self-esteem (自尊) later in life.

So, instead of trying to hide your confusion, try a new method, ask for help, or research different ways to deal with the problem to work through your confusion.

1. Why does a person try to hide his confusion?
A.Because he wants others to make good judgement on him.
B.Because he has good ability to guess and create an answer.
C.Because hiding his confusion helps him work out a solution.
D.Because telling others his confusion will make them confused.
2. What is the finding of the studies in Paragraph 3?
A.Good understanding leads to less confusion.
B.Confusion can have helpful effect on learning.
C.Digging deeply into a problem may cause confusion.
D.Confusion prevents the development of self-confidence.
3. The word “commitment” in Paragraph 4 probably means “________”.
A.promiseB.imaginationC.challengeD.argument
4. What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage?
A.To call on readers to study confusion on a deeper level.
B.To tell readers about the research results on confusion.
C.To explain to readers it’s normal to feel confused.
D.To encourage readers to clear up their confusion.
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【推荐2】Online eating shows or Mukbang, comes from South Korea, is well-known all over the world.

Many hosts of such shows become popular for their ability to eat lots of food. But these shows have also received criticism (批评) for their waste (浪费) of food. While some hosts can eat so much food, but some maybe fake it. They show eating a lot of food in front of camera, but actually later threw it away.

To stop it, many video and live streaming platform Douyin, Kuaishou and Bilibili, have stopped showing food waste, and promoted (宣传) messages to “stop food waste and eat reasonably." In June 2020, the United Nations warned that the world is facing the worst food shortage in 50 years. About a third of the world's food — 1.3 billion tons — is wasted every year. In China alone, 50 million tons of food becomes rubbish every year, according to Beijing News.

Recently, campaigns (活动) against food waste have been further promoted. In August, President Xi Jinping stressed the need for having safe food and stopping food waste. According to China Daily, a large number of restaurants have taken actions to control food waste. In Wuhan, restaurants ask customers to take the "N-1 mode". For example, a group of 10 diners should only order enough for nine people at first. More food is only brought to the table if they really need it.

In addition, a nationwide "Clean Your Plate" campaign has been started online Users of Weibo are encouraged to share photos or videos of empty plates after finishing their meals.

1. Hosts are welcomed by people because ________.
A.they are too hungry
B.they can eat very special food
C.they can eat quite a lot of food
2. The underlined word "fake" in the second paragraph means ________.
A.坚 持B.伪 造C.赞 扬
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A.food wasteB.unusual abilitiesC."Clean Your Plate"
4. Which of the following is TRUE?
A.10 people can only order food for 9 in restaurants in China.
B.People must take photos or videos to show their empty plates in Weibo.
C.Many people around the world may not have enough food according to the UN.
5. The passage calls on people to ________.
A.eat less and do more
B.eat more healthy food
C.put an end to food waste
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文章大意:本文主要谈论了母女关系是任何其他关系不同代替的,母女关系胜过友谊。

【推荐3】There is an old Chinese proverb that states “One generation plants the trees; another gets the shade,” and this is how it should be with mothers and daughters. The relationship can be similar to friendship. However, the mother and daughter relationship has special characteristics that make it different from a friendship. These characteristics include a hierarchy(等级) of responsibilities and unconditional love, which preclude mothers and daughters from being best friends.

Marina, 27 years old, said, “I love spending time with my mom, but I wouldn’t consider her my best friend. Best friends don’t pay for your wedding. Best friends don’t remind you how they carried you in their body and gave you life! Best friend don’t tell you how wise they are because they have been alive at least 20 years longer than you.” This doesn’t mean that the mother and daughter relationship can’t be very close and satisfying.

While some adult relationships are still troubled, many find them to be extremely rewarding. This generation of mothers and adult daughters has a lot in common, which increases the likelihood of shared companionship. Mothers and daughters have always shared the common experience of being homemakers, responsible for maintaining and passing on family values and traditions. Today contemporary mothers and daughters also share the experience of the workforce and technology, which may bring them even closer together.

Best friends may or may not continue to be best friends, but for better or worse, the mother and daughter relationship is permanent, even if for some unlucky reason they aren’t speaking. The mother and child relationship is closer than any other. There is not an equal relationship. Daughters should not feel responsible for their mother’s emotional well-being. It isn’t that they don’t care deeply about their mothers. It’s just that they shouldn’t be burdened with their mother’s well-being.

The mother and daughter relationship is a relationship that is not replaceable by any other. Mothers never stop being mothers, which includes frequently wanting to protect their daughters and often feeling responsible for their happiness. Mothers always “trump(胜过)” friends.

1. What do we know from the text?
A.The mother and daughter relationship can be replaced by a best friend.
B.A mother’s love brings her and her daughter a close friendship.
C.The mother and daughter relationship goes beyond best friends’ friendship.
D.Marina has a troubled relationship with her mother.
2. Which blank should the sentence “The relationship between a mother and a daughter is sometimes confusing(令人困惑的)”be put in?
A.①B.②C.③D.④
3. How does the author mainly prove his statements?
A.By listing numbers.B.By giving explanations.
C.By using sayings.D.By giving examples.
4. What is the best title for the text?
A.How to Be a Good Mother and Daughter?B.Who Is a Mother’s Best Friend?
C.Mothers or Friends?D.Can a Mother Be a Daughter’s Best Friend?
2023-04-04更新 | 125次组卷
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