Coronavirus: what do we know?
Read to find out more about COVID-19 and the coronavirus family. We have lots of good tips to help you stay safe and healthy. How much do you know about the novel coronavirus(新型冠状病毒)? It is this virus that causes COVID-19, an acute respiratory infectious disease(急性呼吸道传染病). Coronaviruses are a large family of viruses. The word “corona” comes from Latin(拉丁文) and refers to crowns(王冠). When people first saw a coronavirus under a microscope(显微镜), they found that its spikes(刺突) looked like a crown. That’s how the viruses got their name. Some coronaviruses cause illness in humans; many others are found in animals, including camels, cats and bats. So far, we have found seven kinds of coronavirus that can infect humans. Four of them cause common sicknesses, such as the flu(流感) and common cold. But some coronaviruses are more serious. Examples include Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS, 中东呼吸综合症) and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS，严重急性呼吸综合症). The novel coronavirus, which was first found in Wuhan, is the seventh one.
We have the answers
Q: What is the novel coronavirus?
A: The novel coronavirus has not been found in humans before. It was first found in a seafood market in Wuhan. Researchers found that it probably came from bats.
Q: How dangerous is it?
A: The novel coronavirus can kill up to 2.1 percent of the people it infects(感染). SARS and MERS have fatality rates(致死率) of about 9.6 and 34.4 percent, respectively(分别的), according to WHO.
Q: Who can catch this virus?
A: Elderly people are at the highest risk(风险) of dying. Over 80 percent of deaths have been people above the age of 60 and over 75 percent had chronic diseases(慢性病). Children who have the disease often show minor symptoms(轻症).
Q: What are the symptoms of the new disease?
A: Infected people will have a fever, cough and breathing difficulties. In more severe cases, the virus can cause pneumonia(肺炎), kidney failure(肾衰竭)and death.
Q: How does this virus spread?
A: Coronaviruses can spread through mucus droplets(粘液飞沫) (a cough or sneeze); close personal contact (touching or shaking hands); touching an object with viral particles(微粒) (then touching your mouth, nose or eyes before washing your hands); and rarely from human droppings(排泄物).
Q: How long is the incubation(潜伏) period?
A: Infected people will show symptoms between 3 to 7 days, or 14 days at most. But the incubation period can last for as long as 24 days.
Q: Are there any ways to prevent or treat COVID-19?
A: There is no cure(特效药) for the virus yet. Antibiotics(抗生素) are effective against bacteria, but not viruses. Doctors can only try to treat the symptoms and improve the immune system(免疫系统) with medicine in order to fight the virus.
Source: China daily
1. The coronaviruses was named because of its ________.| A．color | B．shape | C．size | D．symptoms |
| A．Children won’t catch this virus. |
| B．It is more likely(可能性) for elderly people to catch the corona viruses. |
| C．the incubation(潜伏) period can last as long as 7 days. |
| D．There have been some cure(特效药) for the virus. |
| A．3.4 | B．2.1 | C．9.6 | D．34.4 |
| A．cough | B．breathing difficulties | C．a fever | D．a headache |
| A．food you eat |
| B．mucus droplets(粘液飞沫) |
| C．personal contact |
| D．touching an object with viral particles (then touching your mouth, nose or eyes before washing your hands) |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】A heat wave roasted* hundreds of thousands of people across the Pacific Northwest, taking away hundreds of lives. Climate change has made heat waves like this one more frequent and stronger than those from any other point in recorded history.
The following is what happens if you’re one of the next people whom heat wave kills, according to W. Lawrence Kenney, an expert from Penn State University. First, your brain sends messages to encourage sweat* production. Then your heart starts beating faster to pump* blood to the skin, and at the same time, blood flow is also directed away from your organs like liver, kidneys, and gut. That’s your body trying to make your skin hotter than the air outside and move heat away from you.
If heat stroke* happens, your body might get too hot and send much blood to the skin, as a result, it fails* those important organs in your body. You might require an emergency transplant to survive the organ failure. If your body fails to cool you down, its internal* temperature might start to climb from a normal level of about 98 degrees Fahrenheit to somewhere closer to 104 degrees. At that temperature, the brain becomes affected and you may feel it start as a headache. Before long, you might not know where you are or what time it is. If you are not treated in time, what follows is a series of organ failure that leads to all but certain death. And that’s just part of what we know about how heat wave kills you.
“It’s important for people to understand that there’s still a lot we don’t know about heat stroke and who’s most likely to be harmed,” Kenney said, “That’s because we can’t study it in humans in the laboratory. A lot of what we know comes from studies on animal models, like mice and rats, or from examinations of people who have died of heat stroke.”
roast v. 烤；sweat n. 汗液；pump v. （心脏）泵送血液；heat stroke 中暑；fail v. 使……衰竭；internal adj. 体内的
1. Which of the following will happen if a heat wave attacks a person?| A．The skin will produce less sweat. |
| B．The heart beats will slow down. |
| C．There will be more blood in the skin. |
| D．The organs will be more active. |
| A．Prevent organs from failing. | B．Try to cool down the body. |
| C．Try to treat the headache. | D．Stop sweat from producing. |
| A．There hasn’t been enough study so far. |
| B．We should keep studying human deaths. |
| C．We have already studied on humans. |
| D．The studies on animal models are useless. |
| A．How heat strokes are developed |
| B．How we can keep organs work well |
| C．How we can slow down global warming |
| D．How heat waves destroy the human body |
Sometimes we may have a fever (发烧). And it makes us much more worried. If we are having a fever, there are some things that we can’t do.
Don’t drink any drinks.
“Soda and coffee should be refused when you have a fever,” says Pauline, a doctor about family medicine. They can cause dehydration (脱水).
“It’s better not to put on too many clothes,” says Dr. Marinov. Your body will work harder to change your temperature to a proper one and then it just makes your fever worse.
Don’t double up (加倍) on your medicine.
Don’t stay hungry.
“The fever speeds up your metabolism (新陈代谢). You need even more energy (能量) from food,” says Dr. Marinov. Being hungry has a bad influence on your body health.
Don’t forget to drink water.
“A fever will quicken the respiratory rate (呼吸频率), so there is water loss.
| A．What’s more, people usually drink less water during a fever. |
| B．Don’t wear too much. |
| C．Here are some of them shared by doctors. |
| D．Don’t take exercise. |
| E．Right medicine does help when you are having a fever. |
| F．Food allows you to have energy to fight against the fever. |
【推荐3】The novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) has already made tens of thousands of people sick. Where did the virus come from? Scientists say it probably came from bats.
Bats can carry and transmit (传播) more than 60 viruses that can infect (传染) humans, Live Science noted. They include the world’s deadliest viruses, such as Ebola and HIV. Due to their strong immune systems (免疫系统), bats are able to host these viruses and not get sick. At the same time, the viruses keep developing inside the bats to create new variants (变体). These variants can then infect new hosts, such as other wild animals.
Pangolins (穿山甲), for example, might be an intermediate host (中间宿主) for NCP, according to a recent study by Chinese scientists. This means that bats might have given the virus to pangolins, with pangolins then spreading it to humans.
Wild animals like snakes, hedgehogs (刺猬) and bamboo rats also carry various viruses. But since they live in the wild, there should be little chance for humans to come into contact with them and get infected – unless the animals are eaten or used to make animal products. When people hunt, buy and eat wild animals, they can introduce viruses to the rest of the population.
But this doesn’t mean that we should kill wild animals. Each species has a role in the ecosystem (生态系统) and all of them are important in keeping a natural ecological balance. The lesson we can learn from disease outbreaks is to respect and protect animals and to live in harmony with them instead of hunting, killing, or eating them.
1. Why can bats host many viruses without getting sick?| A．Because these viruses are not deadly. |
| B．Because they have strong immune systems. |
| C．Because the viruses are kept in balance. |
| D．Because they can spread the viruses to other animals. |
| A．pangolins | B．snakes |
| C．hedgehogs | D．bamboo rats |
| A．隔离 | B．和谐 | C．伤害 | D．集中 |
| A．Research more about wild animals. |
| B．Exercise regularly to stay healthy. |
| C．Stop keeping animals as pets. |
| D．Don’t buy or eat wild animals. |
【推荐1】China’s second female astronaut, Wang Yaping, has given the country’s first-ever video lecture from space. The whole lecture lasted about 40 minutes.
Speaking to students through live video, from the Tiangong-I space laboratory, Ms. Wang used spinning tops (旋转的陀螺), a ball and some water to explain physics in zero-gravity (失重), with the help of a fellow astronaut.
Ms. Wang used different experiments to demonstrate the concepts of weight and mass (重量和质量的概念) in space. Towards the end of the class, Ms.Wang made a film (薄膜) of water using a metal ring. She then turned the film of water into a water ball by pouring more water onto it.
Around 330 primary and secondary school students watched the lecture from special classroom in Beijing, where they could also ask Ms. Wang questions through live video. From time to time, the students greeted her lecture with warm applause (掌声).
When answering a student’s question, Ms. Wang described what she could see in space. “The stars we see are much brighter, but they do not twinkle (闪烁)” she said, “The sky we see isn’t blue, but black. And every day, we can see the sun rise 16 times because we circle the Earth every 90 minutes.”
About 60 million students and teachers around China also watched the lecture live on TV.
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
1. Towards the end of the lecture, Wang Yaping made a film of water in order to ________.
| A．use a metal ring | B．turn it into a water ball | C．pour more water onto it |
| A．To explain physics of zero-gravity in space. |
| B．To tell us what can be seen in space. |
| C．To demonstrate the concept of weight and mass in space. |
| A．传授 | B．强调 | C．演示 |
| A．Wang Yaping is China’s second female astronaut. |
| B．Wang Yaping gave the lecture from space all by herself. |
| C．The lecture was warmly welcomed by the students. |
【推荐2】There’s much to see under the sea, but you need to remember that light behaves(表现) differently in water than in air. The objects seem closer to you than they exactly are. You might find yourself reaching out to touch something and completely missing it.
Objects under water will seem larger than they would on the surface, too. Be careful not to tell any stories about the big fish that got away. That fish might not be so big after all! it’s just because sometimes things can seem to be as much as about 33 percent bigger in water!
What’s more, in deeper water, colors just don’t seem as bright. In fact, it looks as if some colors are missing. Remember the color of an object results from(因……产生) the wavelengths(波长) of light that are reflected(反射) from its surface. And light is taken in as it moves down through the water.
Swimmers wear wet suits(套装) to keep warm underwater. Let’s take a bright red, yellow, and blue wet suit as an example. These colors are hard to miss on the surface of water. Watch carefully the changes in color as you descend in the water. The red part now looks almost black because the red light wavelengths, the longest among these three colors, are missing. As you go down deeper, the same thing will happen to the yellow part and in the end to the blue part. Even at a place of about 6 to 9 meters underwater, you will look terrible, like a ghost(鬼怪)! And you have to wait for your return to the surface to enjoy the bright colors again!
1. You miss the object underwater when you want to touch it because __________.| A．your eyesight is quite poor | B．it is not as close as it seems |
| C．you are not quick enough | D．it disappears very quickly |
| A．the size | B．the position | C．the color | D．the weight |
| A．下潜 | B．漂浮 | C．屏息 | D．上升 |
| A．the sizes of objects underwater | B．the colors of objects underwater |
| C．the behavior of light underwater | D．the direction of light underwater |
【推荐3】There have been few positive (积极的) things during the COVID pandemic (新冠疫情). But British scientists may have discovered one: people look more attractive in protective masks.
Researchers were surprised to find that both men and women were judged to look better with a face covering the lower half of their faces.
There may be a blow for producers of fashionable masks—they also found out that a face covered with a medical mask was likely to be believed the most attractive.
Dr Michael Lewis, an expert in faces, said research carried out before the pandemic had found that medical face masks reduced attractiveness because they were related to disease or illness.
“Our study suggests faces are believed most attractive when covered by medical face masks. This may be because we’re used to healthcare workers wearing blue masks now. Also, we connect the wearers with people who take care of us when we feel sick, and we may find the wearing of medical masks help us to feel safe and peaceful.” Researchers asked forty-three women to grade the attractiveness of men’s faces without a mask, wearing a common cloth mask, a blue medical face mask, and holding a black book covering the area a face mask would hide.
The participants (参与者) said those wearing a cloth mask were clearly more attractive than the ones with no masks or whose faces were partly covered by the book. But the surgical mask—which was just a normal kind—made the wearer look even better.
“The result is opposite to the pre-pandemic research where it was thought masks made people think about disease and the person should be avoided,” said Lewis.
“The pandemic has changed our mind on how we think of the wearers of masks. When we see someone wearing a mask we no longer think that person has a disease, I need to stay away.”
Lewis said it was also possible that masks made people more attractive because they focus attention on the eyes, and the brain fills in the missing part and imagines more attractive appearances than they really are.
1. According to the passage, during the COVID pandemic _________.| A．people like to wear protective masks |
| B．people prefer fashionable masks |
| C．people are used to wearing masks |
| D．people learn more bad news than good news |
| A．2. | B．3. | C．4. | D．5. |
| A．Because the masks make them look fashionable. |
| B．Because the masks cover the less good-looking part of their faces. |
| C．Because people relate them to the healthcare workers who can help them feel safe and peaceful. |
| D．Because people focus on the eyes instead of the missing part. |
| A．People always think of illness or disease when they see wearers of masks. |
| B．The result of the research carried out during the pandemic is opposite to the one before it. |
| C．Both men and women look more attractive wearing masks. |
| D．People look more attractive in masks partly because of the better imagination of the missing part. |
| A．people should wear masks more often to make themselves more attractive |
| B．healthcare workers are the most beautiful people during the COVID pandemic |
| C．people should wear medical masks more than other ones |
| D．people may have changed their thoughts about some certain things because of the COVID pandemic |
【推荐1】It’s a school day morning. You are dressing yourself in the bedroom. At the same time, you are telling yourself to take your schoolbag from the living room. But as you walk through your bedroom door and into the living room, you suddenly forget why you went there. But scientists believe that the act of walking through doorways makes us forget things. They call it “the doorway effect(门口效应)”.
Scientists from the US did an experiment. They placed some objects(物品) into two rooms. Students had to put an object from room A into a shoebox and then carry it to room B through a doorway. In room B, they exchanged(交换) it for another object and brought it back to room A in the shoebox. But some students did the experiment without crossing through a doorway.
During the experiment, scientists would randomly ask the students which object was in their shoebox. Scientists found that their answers were slower and less correct when they walked through a doorway and into a new room.
“Walking through a doorway serves as a ‘boundary(分界线)’ in the mind,” Gabriel Radvansky told Scientific American. Setting “boundaries” in our minds helps us to organize(规划) the content of our brains, but it can also cause us to forget things.
For example, when you walk into the living room, your brain thinks you got your schoolbag and it moves on.
Is there a way to stop the doorway effect? Writing down what you need to do before going into another room may be helpful.
1. People are more likely to(更有可能) forget things when ________.| A．they get up late | B．they take their bag |
| C．they run to school | D．they walk through a door |
| A．To see if students have good memories(记忆力). |
| B．To show the doorway effect is true. |
| C．To help students to be smarter. |
| D．To help students with bad memories. |
| A．正式地 | B．逐步地 | C．随机地 | D．定期地 |
| A．slower | B．less correct | C．more quickly | D．more correct |
| A．writing down what you need to do | B．keeping everything in mind |
| C．asking friends for help | D．putting all your things in one room |
【推荐2】
 It’s not WASTE until it is WASTED! With the World Environment Day coming, our school is now requiring every student to form a habit of sorting the waste. Here in our schoolyard we lay four different colors of rubbish bins for different kinds of rubbish. The red is for harmful waste; the blue is for waste that can be recycled ; the green is for kitchen waste; the yellow is for other waste. The followings are some instructions for you. Glass: Empty bottles without caps can be recycled to make new glass bottles. Warning: Mirrors and light bulbs (电灯泡) must not be included in the glass waste. Paper: Newspapers, magazines, boxes must be clean enough to be recycled. Warning: Paper tissues (餐纸) and wall paper are not recyclable as paper and should be kept separately. PMD waste: Packaging made of Plastic or Metal and Drink boxes are used to make new packaging. Warning: Plastic pots (e.g. yogurt pots), plastic bags must not be included with the PMD waste. Harmful waste: out-of-date drugs, used batteries (电池), paint and oil… Besides, if you don’t need your old bikes at all, our school volunteers will collect them. We’re going to fix them up and then give them away to kids who don’t have enough money for a bike. To find out more about recycling, you can visit our school website. |
1. According to the passage, ________ different colors of rubbish bins are laid in the schoolyard.
| A．6 | B．4 | C．7 | D．5 |
| A．green | B．red | C．yellow | D．blue |
| A．paper tissues | B．empty bottles | C．out-of-date drugs | D．drink boxes |
| A．sold to collect money for the poor kids |
| B．fixed up and given back to you for free |
| C．given away immediately to the poor kids |
| D．fixed up and given away to the poor kids |
| A．to look for volunteers for waste sorting |
| B．to advertise glass, paper and plastic products |
| C．to introduce the World Environment Day |
| D．to introduce waste sorting to the students |
【推荐3】Takashi is 99 years old. He lives in Okinawa (冲绳县) in Japan. In Okinawa people tend to live a very long time. They are seldom ill. Many people are over 100 years old—longer than most people in other parts of the country and the world. What is their secret (秘密)?
The Okinawans eat vegetables, fruit, fish and rice. They usually have seven different kinds of fruit and vegetables every day. People don’t usually drink much alcohol (酒) or smoke. They don’t eat much meat or fast food.
Sports are very important for the people of Okinawa. Walking, traditional dancing, and gardening are very popular with people of all ages. More important, the people in Okinawa are seldom worried or angry and they never make themselves too busy. They are relaxed and take their time. Buses often come late, and people often arrive an hour late for meetings. Every evening hundreds of people, young and old, go to the beach to watch the beautiful sunset (日落). They talk, smile or laugh to each other.
Another important thing is that people often work until they are 80, sometimes even until 90! In the Okinawan words there is no word for “out of work”. Old people don’t stay at home— they go out and meet friends.
When journalists ask local people what their secret of long life span is, they always answer, “We are happy, we are always relaxed, and we are never in a hurry.”
1. What can we know from the first paragraph?| A．Takashi came to Okinawa from Tokyo many years ago. |
| B．More people of over 100 years old live in Tokyo than in Okinawa. |
| C．People in Okinawa seldom go to hospital when they are ill. |
| D．Takashi is a Japanese old man. |
| A．Meat and alcohol. | B．Meat and fast food. |
| C．Fish, rice, fruit and vegetables. | D．Different kinds of seafood. |
| A．放松自在的 | B．紧张忙碌的 | C．激动人心的 | D．丰富多彩的 |
| A．They stay at home and watch TV. |
| B．They help to look after their grandsons and granddaughters. |
| C．They have a drink with their friends and talk happily. |
| D．They visit friends and chat with each other. |
| A．They have healthy diets and often do sports. |
| B．They sleep and get up early every day. |
| C．They are seldom worried or unhappy. |
| D．They enjoy talking and watching the sunset. |
【推荐1】Scientists are not alone in the fight against the novel coronavirus（新型冠状病毒）, as new technologies and innovative products are giving them a hand. Here are some examples.
Big data
Our smartphones send data to telecom companies around the clock, telling these companies where we have been and where we are going. Chinese telecom companies provide government with this data. They use the data to track（追踪）traffic flows among different provinces and cities. By tracking how many people are coming and going out of Wuhan, telecom companies can send warnings to areas that are being visited by large numbers of people from Wuhan.
Drones
Drones（无人机）have played a major role in disinfection（消毒）and preventing cross-infection（交叉感染）in crowded places like hospitals, railway stations and airports.
Police officers use drones to give warnings. For example, if people gather in large groups or do not wear masks, drones with cameras can record and send images of these people in real time to control rooms. The drones will then warn these people.
Robots
Robots are good helpers on the frontlines. They are used at hospitals to offer medical advice, deliver drugs or meals, act like guides, perform disinfection and do other repetitive work. In this way, robots can not only help greatly reduce the burden for medical workers, but also reduce the risk of cross-infection. They have also been used in public places like train stations and airports to check temperatures.
1. The following technologies and innovative products are mentioned EXCEPT ________.| A．telephone | B．robots | C．drones | D．big data |
a. Telecom companies can send warnings.
b. Governments track traffic flows with data.
c. Smartphones send data to telecom companies.
d. Telecom companies provide data for governments.
| A．c-a-d-b | B．a-c-d-b | C．c-d-b-a | D．d-a-c-b |
| A．robots | B．medical workers |
| C．patients | D．guides |
| A．Drones and robots are used to reduce the risk of cross-infection. |
| B．A new kind of smartphone is used to prevent the novel coronavirus. |
| C．Some new products are invented to give warnings of the novel coronavirus. |
| D．New technologies and products are used to fight against the novel coronavirus. |
【推荐2】“Please don’t go to Wuhan unless it’s really necessary,” Zhong Nanshan, a famous respiratory expert(呼吸科专家), said when the novel coronavirus(新冠病毒) hit Wuhan. At the same time. Zhong, 84, went on a trip to Wuhan to fight the disease.
Many Chinese know Zhong as the hero who defeated SARS in 2003. People share his pictures and words online, saying they believe every word Zhong says. He has given Chinese people confidence in winning this fight.
Zhong Nanshan grew up in a family of doctors. His goal(目标) has always been to save as many lives as he can. In 2003, when SARS hit China, he volunteered to treat patients and ask other doctors to send their most serious cases(病例) to him. After months of hard work, his treatment plan for SARS was used by China and then the whole world, it saved thousands of lives. As Zhong once said, “the hospitals are our battlefield (战场). When we are needed, we should charge forward(冲锋向前).”
Seventeen years later, Zhong is once again leading an expert team to deal with the novel coronavirus. Although Zhong knows this new virus is more dangerous to old people, Zhong worries little about his own safety. On January 18th, he took a high-speed train from Guangzhou to Wuhan. Two days later he became the first expert to tell the public that the virus can go from person to person. Under his lead, his team developed a rapid test kit(快速检测试剂盒) for the disease that can show results within fifteen minutes.
As People’s Daily wrote, “The 84-year-old Zhong Nanshan shows his professionalism(专业性) as a doctor, courage as a soldier and a sense of duty as a backbone(脊梁) of our nation.”
1. Zhong Nanshan can give Chinese people confidence because ________.| A．he was a hero in the fight against SARS. | B．his pictures and words are popular online. |
| C．he went to Wuhan to fight the disease in person | D．he shares his own stories online. |
| A．To study serious cases. | B．To save more people. |
| C．To let the world know more about China. | D．To learn from his parents. |
| A．自信 | B．自律 | C．勇敢 | D．努力 |
| A．He said that the virus can go from person to person. |
| B．He said that it is not serious. |
| C．He said that it only infects(感染) old people. |
| D．He said that it can go from animals to humans. |
a. A professional doctor b. A clever traveler
c. A backbone of our nation d. A brave soldier
| A．a b c | B．b c d | C．a c d | D．a b d |
【推荐3】At the beginning of 2021, the Chinese government said it would provide free COVID-19 vaccines to all Chinese citizens. Since then, millions of people have gotten the vaccine. Let’s make a closer look.
▲
The vaccine is given by injection. It’s suggested to get two doses. You should wait about two weeks after the first dose to get the second one.
Can people of all ages get vaccinated?
The vaccines have been tested among three different age groups: 3 to 17, 18 to 59, and 60 and above. The 18-to-59 age group has the most data—the vaccines have been proven to be safe to this group. The other two groups are expected to be included soon.
Is there anyone who shouldn’t get vaccinated?
Experts say the vaccines are safe for most people. But people who have serious diseases such as cancer or diabetes, or people who are allergic to any of the vaccine’s ingredients, should not get it. People who want to get the vaccine should not get any other vaccines during the same period.
Word Bank vaccine 疫苗 injection 注射 diabetes 糖尿病 allergic 过敏 |
Do I still I need to wear a mask in public places after I’ve been vaccinated?
Yes. It takes a few weeks for the body to build immunity after vaccination. This means it’s possible for a person to get infected just after vaccination. There’s also a small chance that your body won’t build immunity. So before the population becomes immune to the virus, it’s highly encouraged to keep wearing masks, practicing social distancing and washing your hands after getting vaccinated.
1. Who is sure to be safe after getting the COVID-19 vaccine right now?| A．All Chinese citizens. | B．People aged 3 to 17. |
| C．People aged 18 to 59. | D．People aged 60 and above. |
| A．How is the vaccine given? | B．Can people with serious diseases get vaccinated? |
| C．How does the vaccine work? | D．It is not easy to get the vaccine. |
| A．They will have allergic reactions at first. |
| B．They need to get two doses within a week. |
| C．They only need to pay a small amount of money. |
| D．They shouldn’t get other vaccines at the same time. |
| A．A 22-year-old young man with diabetes. |
| B．A 58-year-old man who has just got a flu vaccine. |
| C．A 29-year-old young mother who has a 3-year-old kid. |
| D．A 39-year-old woman who is allergic to vaccine’s ingredients. |
| A．telling a story | B．giving reasons |
| C．comparing two facts | D．showing numbers |
