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What do black holes look like? We finally got the answer: they look like dark circles with a bright ring around the outside. Scientists took the world’s first photo of a black hole. The black hole is very far from Earth—about 55 million light years away. This is not the only black hole in the universe.
Black holes are mysterious in the universe. A photo can help us learn more about them. How much do you know about black holes? Try to answer the following questions.
Q: What is a black hole?
A: A black hole comes from a dying star. The star turns in to a small point. The point has much mass and strong gravity (引力) . The strong gravity of a black hole pulls things. The black hole “eats” these things. Black holes can even “eat” light. That’s why a black hole looks “black”.
Q: If black holes are “black”, how do scientists know they are there?
A: We cannot see black holes. But we can see how their strong gravity works on the things around them. A black hole’s gravity pulls dust and gas into it. And if a star is orbiting (绕轨道运行) a point in space, scientists can study the star’s orbit. They can tell if the star is orbiting a black hole.
Q: How did scientists take the picture of the black hole?
A: Scientists didn’t use a camera to take the picture. They used eight radio telescopes in different places across the world. The telescopes got information from the black hole. Scientists used computers to deal with the information. It took them two years to get the final picture.
Q: Will the sun turn into a black hole? And if it does, will it “eat” Earth?
A: The sun won’t become a black hole. According to NASA, it does not have enough mass to turn into one. When the sun dies, it will become a smaller and cooler star. Even if the sun becomes a black hole, Earth would still be safe.
1. Which of the following is NOT true about black holes?A.They are about 55 million light years away from Earth. |
B.Black holes look “black” because they pull light and “eat” it. |
C.There is more than one black hole in space. |
A.moves | B.shakes | C.feels |
A.using cameras to take pictures |
B.using radio telescopes around the world |
C.watching the stars carefully in the sky |
A.Earth will die at once. | B.Earth will become black. | C.Earth will still be safe. |
A.Learning about black holes | B.Earth and the black holes | C.Something about the universe |
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【推荐1】We have always been interested in the moon. 2, 000 years ago, people already knew it moves around the earth and where it would be in the sky at different times of the year. At that time, everything about the moon was learned by watching it carefully in the sky.
When scientists could use telescopes to study the moon more closely, their ideas began to change. They could see the moon was made of rocks. Most scientists thought moon rocks would be different from those on the earth. This was because they believed the moon had once been a planet that had been caught in the earth’s gravity (重力) millions of years earlier.
In 1969, moon rocks were finally brought to the earth and studied. Much to their surprise, scientists found that, except for water, the moon and the earth were made of the same things. Once again new ideas were needed for this new information.
After years of study, most scientists now think that the moon was once part of the earth. They believe very early in its history, maybe 4 billion years ago, something about the size of Mars hit the earth. This sent billions of rocks into space around our planet. These rocks slowly joined together and after many years became the moon.
In the future, though our ideas about the moon may change again, we will still be interested in it.
1. Before 1969, most scientists thought the moon was ________.A.part of the earth billions of years earlier | B.older than the earth |
C.caught by the earth’s gravity | D.made of the same things as the earth |
A.The earth was once part of the moon. | B.The moon used to be part of the earth. |
C.Mars will hit earth in the near future. | D.Rocks will join together to become another moon. |
A.new information brings new ideas | B.scientists in the past were not clever |
C.we now know everything about the moon | D.scientists are so clever that they know everything |
Could we live on Jupiter?
From the moon to Mars, scientists have been looking for water—the key to life—in the solar system (太阳系) for decades. Recently, they have turned to Jupiter (木星)!
On April 14, the European Space Agency’s (ESA) JUICE spacecraft (航天器) successfully lifted off from French Guiana in South America. JUICE, short for “Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer”, will collect data from Jupiter and its three moons, Europa, Ganymede and Callisto.
The three moons are believed to have big oceans of liquid water (液态水) under their icy shells (壳). According to ESA, the water on those moons could be as much as six times the amount in Earth’s oceans. The mission “will change our understanding of the solar system”, wrote Scientific American.
In 1998, NASA’s Galileo spacecraft found that Europa might be ejecting (喷射) water as far as 160 kilometers into space. That gave scientists the idea of studying the icy moons of Jupiter.
The oceans under these moons are likely to be tens of kilometers deep. But they are also trapped under tens of kilometers of ice, making it very difficult to study them. Although JUICE cannot land on the surface, it has lots of high-tech equipment to study the moon’s environment, including spectral imaging (光谱成像) tools and radar (雷达). They could give more data on things like the thickness (厚度) of the oceans, their salt content (含量), and their distance from the icy shells above, reported Phys.org.
“The main goal is to understand whether there are habitable (可居住的) environments among those icy moons and around a giant planet like Jupiter,” JUICE team member Olivier Witasse said during a press conference (发布会) on April 6.
1. JUICE lifted off from________.A.France | B.French Guiana | C.North America | D.China |
A.moons | B.spacecrafts | C.planet | D.solar system |
A.soil | B.ice | C.liquid water | D.salt |
A.insignificant | B.the same as that of Earth |
C.predictable | D.unexpected |
A.Exploration of the Moon. |
B.Exploration of Jupiter. |
C.The Invention of Spacecraft. |
D.How to study satellites. |
【推荐3】Do you want to celebrate your birthday in space? It would be very different from what you might do on earth.
Some astronauts feel sick for the first few days in space. Some feel as if they have a cold all the time. That’s because without gravity, the fluids (液体) in their bodies move towards their heads. Their faces look a little fatter.
And because gravity is not pressing on the spine (脊椎). The spine relaxes and stretches (舒展).
Since nothing has weight, astronauts can lift heavy objects easily.
A.They can even lift each other. |
B.For example, your birthday cake would be flying. |
C.Astronauts grow three or four centimeters in space. |
D.Your friends could still sing Happy Birthday to You. |
E.For the same reason, their waists get smaller and their chests get bigger. |
【推荐1】The library is a great place to visit for help with schoolwork. But the library isn’t just about reading and learning. You can have fun in the library, too. Some libraries have fun things for children, like reading tests and making things. And when you go to your library, there is always someone there to help you find what you want. That someone is a librarian.
You can ask your librarian to help you find books about any subject. Libraries have books about everything from planes to animals. If you like to read fictions(小说), your librarian can help you find them quickly. If you are having a hard time finding an answer to a question, ask your librarian to help you find the answer. Your librarian can help you locate information(信息) in magazines and newspapers, and on the computer.
Libraries are also great places if you want a relaxing place to read or study. They have good chairs, and you can read a book there. They also have tables for you to work on schoolwork. And most libraries have lots of bright reading places, so you won’t hurt(伤害)your eyes by closely looking at that small print.
Don’t forget to visit your library.
1. What can children do to have fun in a library?A.Do homework. | B.Read a newspaper. | C.Make things. | D.Help the librarian. |
A.What librarians like to do in the library. | B.What librarians do to help you in the library. |
C.How librarians help you find the book you want. | D.How librarians help you find answers you need. |
A.Talk about what you like. | B.Find out where things are. |
C.Think of what students want. | D.Listen to what people say. |
A.Going to the Library. | B.Asking Librarians for Help. |
C.Learning to Read Books. | D.Doing Your Homework. |
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Mukbang is about the eating shows in front of the screen. In the shows, mukbangers eat food and sometimes talk to their fans.
Mukbang started in South Korea (韩国) in around 2010 and is becoming well-known in the whole world now. Why did mukbang first appear in this country? The reason is that eating by oneself is quite normal in South Korea. Watching mukbang can be a way to have someone to eat with when they are at home by themselves.
This is one of the reasons why many people around the world like watching mukbang. However, the way mukbangers eat food in some shows isn’t healthy. This can make people have bad habits and bring serious health problems. What’s worse, to have more fans and make more money, some mukbangers prepare a lot of food in front. But they throw away much food during the show or throw up (吐) food after the show to make watchers believe they eat up everything. In fact, it is not because they feel ill. These mukbangers waste (浪费) a lot of food.
We all know that food waste is a serious problem around the world, and stopping food waste has a special meaning for our country. So our country is doing a lot of things to solve the problem. What do you think our country can do for mukbang?
1. What is mukbang?A.An eating show. |
B.A talk show. |
C.A cooking show. |
D.A game show. |
A.To make their food delicious. |
B.To learn how to cook food. |
C.To have someone to eat with. |
D.To buy some healthy food. |
A.Mukbang is world-famous. |
B.Mukbang is not always good. |
C.Mukbang isn’t healthy. |
D.Mukbang makes people ill. |
A.All Mukbang bring serious problems. |
B.People will stop watching Mukbang. |
C.Mukbang will have more fans and money. |
D.Our country will make rules for Mukbang. |
A.![]() | B.![]() |
C.![]() | D.![]() |
【推荐3】Historically, most cars have run on gasoline(汽油), but that may change in the future: cars can also run on other liquid fuels(液体燃料)and electricity.
Gasoline is from oil. The energy in gasoline comes from hydrocarbons(碳氢化合物). Gasoline provides great power for cars. However, it causes environmental problems, like air pollution and temperature rise. So gasoline can’t be the best fuel.
Another choice is electricity. Electricity cars can be as efficient(效能好的)as cars using gasoline. And they produce less pollution. But electric cars themselves are more expensive. Good news is that the cost has been lower and there are more and more places for the cars to get electricity ever since 2010.
The other choices are other liquid fuels. Many of these can be stored in the same places as gasoline, and used in the same cars. They can also be friendly to the environment.
One way to make such fuels is to get CO2 from the air and put it in water. Through chemical reaction, hydrocarbons can be created. However, these fuels take up more space.
Another way is to make such fuels from plants which take in carbon from the air. These fuels are greener in use. But not all of them can be as efficient as gasoline.
For a fuel to be the best, people have to be able to afford it. Unluckily, almost every green technology is more expensive than that of using gasoline. Governments and car producers are doing everything they can to cut down the costs. In the end, the best fuel will be both affordable for car users and green for our planet.
1. Gasoline provides cars with ________.A.great power | B.fresh air | C.clean water | D.enough space |
A.produce less pollution |
B.will become more and more expensive |
C.will become more popular |
D.are more efficient than those using gasoline |
A.How Do We Protect Our Planet? | B.What Are the Fuels’ Differences? |
C.What Is the Best Fuel for Cars? | D.How Do We Make Fuels for Cars? |