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题型:阅读理解-单选 难度:0.65 引用次数:20 题号:22634083

There is a saying that “earthquakes don’t kill people, buildings do.” It seems sadly true. Thousands of people died under bricks (砖块) of the damaged (毁坏的) buildings during the recent earthquakes. Is there a way to build earthquake-proof (抗震) buildings? Engineers have some life-saving ideas.

“Lift” the house up

To prevent earthquake waves from going through the building, one way is to “lift” the building’s foundation above the ground. The building can be built on top of pads (垫状物), which are usually made up of steel and rubber. During earthquakes, only the pads move and the building stays steady (平稳的). This can reduce the strength of earthquake waves by 13 to 15 percent, according to the website Bethinking the Future.

Right materials

Earthquake-proof materials must be easy to bend (弯曲) without breaking. Some of these materials include steel, wood and bamboo. In Japan, most traditional houses are built with wood. During earthquakes, wooden buildings bend to avoid building up stress. Steel is one of the main materials of modern tall buildings because it can increase their ductility (延展性).

Dome house

A Japanese company has made dome-shaped houses with styrofoam. Styrofoam is a very light material. The whole house weighs only 80 kilograms. So when earthquakes happen, the house will not hurt people.

Besides, there are many other good ideas on building earthquake-proof buildings. For example, a company in America is developing magnetic field (磁场) technology that can raise houses above ground when earthquakes happen. We hope these ideas can be put in action and more people’s lives can be saved.

1. How does the writer lead into the passage in Paragraph 1?
A.By telling a joke.B.By using a saying.C.By asking a question.
2. Why can the pads help buildings stay steady in an earthquake?
A.Because they can stop the ground movement.
B.Because they can lift up buildings far from the ground.
C.Because they can reduce the strength of earthquake waves.
3. What do we know about Japan’s traditional houses?
A.Bamboo is the most common material used for the houses.
B.Most are hard to bend thanks to the use of steel.
C.Most are built with wood which is easy to bend without breaking.
4. What is the advantage of using styrofoam in dome-shaped houses during earthquakes?
A.It reduces the weight of the houses.
B.It raises the houses above the ground.
C.It increases the strength of the houses.

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文章大意:本文主要介绍了目前大量的森林火灾由什么造成的,并介绍了一些小的森林火灾的好处。

【推荐1】Forest fires are becoming a huge problem all over the world. The fires burn (燃烧) a great many trees and houses.     1     The even more worrying thing is that fires like these are becoming more and more common. There are several reasons for this.

One big reason for so many forest fires around the world is climate (气候) change. Climate change means our planet’s weather is changing.     2     So more fires start and those fires are more difficult to put out (扑灭). While some fires start naturally, others happen because of human activity.     3     And as people spend more and more time outdoors (在野外) enjoying nature, forest fires are more probable to happen.

Big fires usually burn for a long time and they are not good for the environment or for people.     4     Many people may not know this, but small forest fires can be good for nature. They help clear away old or dead (枯萎的) trees to make room for new ones. The burnt wood turns into ash (灰).     5     However, problems start if there are too many small forest fires or small fires grow too large.


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B.However, this is not true for small fires.
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D.The weather in many places has become hotter and drier.
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【推荐2】If a flood happens where you live, you need to be prepared. Here’s how to do it.

◆Make an emergency kit (应急包). Keep it in an easy-to-reach place. It should include things such as water, canned food, a flashing and first-aid kit.

◆ Prepare waterproof clothing and a life vest (救生衣).

◆ Put your valuables (贵重物品) in waterproof bags.

Follow these tips to stay away from danger during a flood.

◆ Be careful of flood warnings (预警).

◆ Go to higher ground and stay there.

◆ Do not try to walk or drive through flooded areas, as they can be deeper than you realize.

◆ Leave your car. It won’t help you if it gets stuck in the water.

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