There is a saying that “earthquakes don’t kill people, buildings do.” It seems sadly true. Thousands of people died under bricks (砖块) of the damaged (毁坏的) buildings during the recent earthquakes. Is there a way to build earthquake-proof (抗震) buildings? Engineers have some life-saving ideas.
“Lift” the house up
To prevent earthquake waves from going through the building, one way is to “lift” the building’s foundation above the ground. The building can be built on top of pads (垫状物), which are usually made up of steel and rubber. During earthquakes, only the pads move and the building stays steady (平稳的). This can reduce the strength of earthquake waves by 13 to 15 percent, according to the website Bethinking the Future.
Right materials
Earthquake-proof materials must be easy to bend (弯曲) without breaking. Some of these materials include steel, wood and bamboo. In Japan, most traditional houses are built with wood. During earthquakes, wooden buildings bend to avoid building up stress. Steel is one of the main materials of modern tall buildings because it can increase their ductility (延展性).
Dome house
A Japanese company has made dome-shaped houses with styrofoam. Styrofoam is a very light material. The whole house weighs only 80 kilograms. So when earthquakes happen, the house will not hurt people.
Besides, there are many other good ideas on building earthquake-proof buildings. For example, a company in America is developing magnetic field (磁场) technology that can raise houses above ground when earthquakes happen. We hope these ideas can be put in action and more people’s lives can be saved.
1. How does the writer lead into the passage in Paragraph 1?A.By telling a joke. | B.By using a saying. | C.By asking a question. |
A.Because they can stop the ground movement. |
B.Because they can lift up buildings far from the ground. |
C.Because they can reduce the strength of earthquake waves. |
A.Bamboo is the most common material used for the houses. |
B.Most are hard to bend thanks to the use of steel. |
C.Most are built with wood which is easy to bend without breaking. |
A.It reduces the weight of the houses. |
B.It raises the houses above the ground. |
C.It increases the strength of the houses. |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】Forest fires are becoming a huge problem all over the world. The fires burn (燃烧) a great many trees and houses.
One big reason for so many forest fires around the world is climate (气候) change. Climate change means our planet’s weather is changing.
Big fires usually burn for a long time and they are not good for the environment or for people.
根据材料内容,从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项,使短文意思通顺、内容完整。
A.It helps the new forest to grow. |
B.However, this is not true for small fires. |
C.As a result, many animals and people lose their homes. |
D.The weather in many places has become hotter and drier. |
E.Even something as simple as a campfire can start a huge forest fire. |
【推荐2】If a flood happens where you live, you need to be prepared. Here’s how to do it.
◆Make an emergency kit (应急包). Keep it in an easy-to-reach place. It should include things such as water, canned food, a flashing and first-aid kit.
◆ Prepare waterproof clothing and a life vest (救生衣).
◆ Put your valuables (贵重物品) in waterproof bags.
Follow these tips to stay away from danger during a flood.
◆ Be careful of flood warnings (预警).
◆ Go to higher ground and stay there.
◆ Do not try to walk or drive through flooded areas, as they can be deeper than you realize.
◆ Leave your car. It won’t help you if it gets stuck in the water.
1. What shall we put in the emergency kit?a. bottled water b. canned food c. valuables d. first-aid kit
A.abc. | B.abd. | C.acd. | D.bcd. |
A.储水的 | B.滴水的 | C.潜水的 | D.防水的 |
A.Higher ground. | B.An empty square. |
C.A riverbank. | D.An underground parking lot. |
A.Stay inside the car. | B.Try to pull the car out. |
C.Leave the car alone. | D.Keep the car clean. |
A.We need throw our valuables away. |
B.We mustn’t get close to flooded areas. |
C.We should put emergency kits in higher places. |
D.We don’t have to pay attention to flood warnings. |
【推荐3】The Great Chicago Fire of 1871 was the worst disaster of the 19 th century.
The fire is said to have started one evening in Mrs. O'Leary's bar(牲口棚) on the West Side of Chicago.Several hours after she milked her cow,the cow kicked over an oil lamp,and the fire started. We do not know if the story is true,but we do know that the fire began in a barn on the West Side.
The fire spread quickly because of the wooden buildings,a strong wind,and a dry season. The fire lasted 27 hours and spread to all parts of the city. Other cities sent 25 fire companies to help put out the fire.Federal troops(联邦军队) were also used to help fight the fire and keep order,too. At last rain put out the fire.
There was a lot of damage. 90,000 people were left homeless, and 18,000 buildings were destroyed. Property damage(财产损失) was almost 200 million dollars. In addition, about 300 people died.
People from allover the world helped Chicago by sending food and clothing. Within a month 4,000 cottages(小屋) with two rooms had been built to house people. In a few years,Chicago was completely rebuilt.
1. The best title for this passage is_____________.A.Mrs.O' Leary's Cow | B.A Terrible Fire | C.An Oil Lamp | D.The Year 1871 |
A.The West Side. | B.The South Side and the East Side. | C.The North Side. | D.All sides. |
A.courage | B.fear | C.weakness | D.laziness |
A.A cow | B.Firemen | C.The weather | D.Carelessness |
A.Within a month. | B.After a few years | C.After a few months | D.In several hours. |
【推荐1】Technology is developing fast these years. Let’s see some of the high-tech helpers during the COVID-19 pandemic.
The telemedicine (远程医疗) system With a remote video system, doctors can diagnose(诊断) patients without seeing them in person. Also, doctors from different hospitals can have a meeting by using the system at the same time. This saves a lot of time. Both Huoshenshan Hospital and Leishenshan Hospital have this system. |
Drones(遥控飞机) warn people in groups In some rural(农村的) places, the police use drones to monitor people in groups. When the drone finds big groups of people, the police will warn them through the loudspeaker on the drone. In some places, people also use drones to disinfect(消毒) their communities. |
The 3D “hospital” A company in Shanghai printed 15 rooms by using 3D technology. They sent the rooms to Hubei for patients to live in. It only took one 3D printer 24 hours to build all these rooms. Each room is about the same size as your bedroom. |
The AI system checks for fever At the Mudanyuan subway station in Beijing, an AI system can check people in crowds quickly to see if they have fevers. When people pass by, the system scans people’s faces. The system can check about 300 people in one minute. |
Smart robots In some hospitals, smart robots helped to deliver food to patients to reduce the risk of infection(传染). The robots also helped to hand out medicine and show the way to people. |
1. Doctors can ________ with the help of the telemedicine system.
A.go to different hospitals | B.work in Huoshenshan Hospital |
C.disinfect the communities | D.diagnose patients remotely |
A.drones | B.3D “hospitals” | C.AI system | D.smart robots |
A.It can only be built by a company in Shanghai. |
B.Fifty 3D printed rooms were sent to Hubei. |
C.The printed room is no bigger than the usual bedroom. |
D.The company paid lots of money to build these 3D rooms. |
A.24 | B.30 | C.1,800 | D.18,000 |
A.a science magazine | B.a travel guide | C.a storybook | D.a museum introduction |
【推荐2】Yesterday in English class, we had a discussion about AI, especially on how humans and AI get along. Many students spoke up and shared their thoughts on the topic. It was a lively and interesting discussion. Here are three of the students’ opinions.
I want to add a pair of “super-long-distance” glasses (千里眼) in my eyes so that I can see interesting or dangerous things sooner. I could look out of the window and see people I miss far away. I could also warn people about earthquakes or other disasters. In this way, I can help warn people of the coming danger. | |
A huge difference between AI and humans is that robots don’t create new things, and they don’t get bored with things. Take the floor-cleaning robots as an example: They can sweep the floor for many hours without getting bored, but we humans would get bored quite quickly. We instinctively (本能地) want to create new things, and that’s where we have an advantage over AI. | |
I don’t want my memories to be changed or improved, because every memory is beautiful and worth recalling. But if it must be changed or improved with the help of AI, I would bring back all the memories I had as a baby that I’ve forgotten. My parents are always happy whenever they talk about my childhood. I think those would be good memories, and I wish I could have them back. |
1. What was the discussion about?
A.How humans get on with AI. |
B.How kids get on with their parents. |
C.How humans get on with animals. |
D.How AI records students’ opinions. |
A.Because her eyes were badly hurt. |
B.Because the glasses can warn people of the coming danger. |
C.Because she would like to see people playing sports far away. |
D.Because she wants to see interesting or dangerous things sooner. |
A.Creating new things. |
B.Making a quick decision. |
C.Drawing beautiful pictures. |
D.Understanding different situations. |
A.Change her memories. |
B.Keep all her family’s memories. |
C.Improve her memories. |
D.Have her forgotten memories back. |
A.Unit 1 Nature. | B.Unit 2 Culture. |
C.Unit 3 Science. | D.Unit 4 Art. |
【推荐3】It’s common to carry things on bikes, trains and even planes. But do you know small drones(无人机) can help carry packages to your home?
For two years, Google has been working hard in their secret research lab. Their latest project is called Project Wing.
Project Wing is Google’s invention of a drone delivery service. It is half plane and half helicopter and is slightly bigger than a seagull. It can deliver(投递) packages to buyers by drone to door.
The first drone test was made on a farm in Warwick, Australia. It sent sweets and dog treats to a farmer. The drone flew to the farm, hovered (盘旋), and dropped the package with a wire. Delivery is here!
The best thing about drone delivery services is that delivery time will be greatly cut down. You’ll be able to order what you like online in the morning. And by noontime, the delivery drone will land your package.
Throughout history, there have been different kinds of inventions that have helped people move things around, said Astro Teller, lead scientist of Google Wing, to CNN. Teller thinks Google drones will be the next big step.
Interestingly, drones are not that young. The US has been using armed drones since 2002. But drones may also get another use. Film companies have asked to use drones to shoot videos from the sky.
Yet Google’s delivery drones won’t be able to fly to buyers any time soon. However, Google has proved that drone delivery is possible. And with Amazon announcing their drone delivery service last year, the further research is going on to make delivery drones safe and suitable for buyers.
1. What is Project Wing?A.Armed drones. | B.Google’s invention. |
C.New apple APP. | D.Wings to help people fly. |
A.Taking photos. | B.Delivering goods. |
C.Ordering online. | D.Hovering in the sky. |
A.It can shoot videos in the sky. |
B.It is cheaper than other aircrafts. |
C.It has something to do with Amazon. |
D.The delivery time will be greatly cut down. |
A.drones can only be used in film making and army. |
B.delivery drones service will have a long way to go. |
C.Google and Amazon have achieved the drone delivery service at any time. |
D.people will continue the research on better drone delivery service for buyers. |
【推荐1】People are always trying to live a healthy life. You might have read so much on this topic. The following ideas may sound strange, but they can really help you.
Exercise when you are tired.
After a long and tiring day of study, exercising might not sound like a good idea, but it should. In fact, physical activities can provide you with the missing energy. Research shows that exercising for just 30 minutes can make you feel good!
Write by hand to help the brain be active.
Although writing something using a computer is faster, it is much better to remember the whole thing by writing it down by hand. When you read a handwritten text, naturally it’s easier for your brains to remember the information.
Spare more time for yourself.
By sparing the time for yourself and just being alone for a while, you can have a chance to think and get to know yourself better. And you won’t behave impulsively(冲动地).
Drink hot drinks on a hot day.
What cools more on a hot summer morning, cold water or hot water? The study shows that the hot water does make people feel cooler. When you are drinking something hot, the body will feel the change in temperature and increase the perspiration(流汗), which helps you cool down!
1. It’s the best way to ________ if we want to remember a long passage.A.read it again and again | B.read it aloud |
C.write it using a computer | D.write it down by hand |
A.the good points of being alone | B.the importance of thinking |
C.the good points of behaving well | D.the importance of keeping healthy |
A.Because it brings heat to our bodies. | B.Because it is bad for our bodies. |
C.Because it makes our bodies strong. | D.Because it takes heat away from our bodies. |
A.handwriting makes us smart | B.sometimes unusual ideas about health are helpful |
C.being alone helps us know our friends better | D.hot drinks can make us uncomfortable |
【推荐2】Qingming, literally (字面上) means “clear and bright”. It is one of the 24 seasonal division points in China. After the festival, the temperature rises and rainfall increases. And then farmers begin to grow crops. Qingming Festival falls on April 4 this year.
As a festival, Qingming is believed to have a history of about 2,500 years. The most important tradition of Qingming is to honor ancestors and remember the dead family members. So Qingming is also called Tomb-Sweeping Day. When sweeping the graves, people pray, clean the tombstones and burn offerings, usually paper money, paper clothes, paper houses and now even a paper phone.
Lots of ancient poets expressed their sad feelings with words. One of the most famous poems describing the festival was the poem Qingming by Du Mu of the Tang Dynasty as follows: A drizzling rain falls like tears on the Mourning Day; The mourner’s heart is going to break on his way. “Where can a wine shop be found to drown my sad hours?” A cowherd points to a cot amid apricot flowers.
Some traditions of Qingming have brought such problems as traffic jams and air pollution or even forest fires. As part of a greener Qingming campaign, people have been encouraged to pay respect to their ancestors and dead family members online, or burn less or no paper money to protect the environment.
1. The weather will _______ after Qingming.A.be much warmer | B.rain heavily | C.be snowy | D.be windy |
A.On April 1. | B.On April 2. | C.On April 3. | D.On April 4. |
A.things for children | B.things for the poor | C.gifts for the dead | D.gifts for the old |
A.The life of Du Mu. | B.Poems about the festival. |
C.Poets in Tang Dynasty. | D.Sad feelings of people. |
A.at home | B.in the open air | C.on the Internet | D.by the forests |
【推荐3】Everyone knows that exercise is important. We all need to exercise. Doctors say it is good for us. It makes your heart and body strong. Children who often exercise are more alert(灵活). That means they do better in tests and schoolwork than those who don’t exercise.
There are many ways to exercise. You can walk, run, swim, skate, or play ball games. Make sure you exercise in the following ways: You have to like what you are doing. Exercise enough—but not too much. It’s best to exercise twice a week. Thirty minutes each time is enough. Try all kinds of sports until you find one, two or even three sports that feel right for you.
You can exercise at fitness centers. They have a lot of equipment(设备)there. The equipment will help exercise your arms, legs and other parts of your body to make you healthy. Some people buy equipment for their homes. But it’s very expensive.
1. The underline word “fitness centers” in the passage means _____.A.商务中心 | B.健身中心 |
C.医疗中心 | D.购物中心 |
A.playing soccer | B.skateboarding |
C.walking | D.running |
A.ill | B.happy | C.strong | D.health |
A.Thirty minutes’ exercise each time is enough. |
B.You have to exercise too much every day. |
C.You needn’t do all kinds of sports to keep healthy. |
D.You have to like the sports that you are doing. |
A.at fitness centers | B.in groups |
C.in the morning | D.twice a week |