There’s a new frontier in 3D printing that’s beginning to come into focus: food. Recent development has made possible machines that print, cook, and serve foods on a mass scale. And the industry isn’t stopping there.
Food production
With a 3D printer, a cook can print complicated chocolate sculptures and beautiful pieces for decoration on a wedding cake. Not everybody can do that -- it takes years of experience, but a printer makes it easy. A restaurant in Spain uses a Foodini to “re-create forms and pieces” of food that are “exactly the same,”, freeing cooks to complete other tasks. In another restaurant, all of the dishes and desserts it serves are 3D-printed, rather than farm to table.
Sustainability（可持续性）
The global population is expected to grow to 9.6 billion by 2050, and some analysts estimate that food production will need to be raised by 50 percent to maintain current levels. Sustainability is becoming a necessity. 3D food printing could probably contribute to the solution. Some experts believe printers could use hydro-colloids（水解胶体）from plentiful renewable like algae（藻类）and grass to replace the familiar ingredients. 3D printing can reduce fuel use and emissions. Grocery stores of the future might stock “food” that lasts years on end, freeing up shelf space and reducing transportation and storage requirements.
Nutrition
Future 3D food printers could make processed food healthier. Hod Lipson, a professor at Columbia University, said, “Food printing could allow consumers to print food with customized nutritional content, like vitamins. So instead of eating a piece of yesterday’s bread from the supermarket, you’d eat something baked just for you on demand.”
Challenges
Despite recent advancements in 3D food printing, the industry has many challenges to overcome. Currently, most ingredients must be changed to a paste before a printer can use them, and the printing process is quite time-consuming, because ingredients interact with each other in very complex ways. On top of that, most of the 3D food printers now are restricted to dry ingredients, because meat and milk products may easily go bad. Some experts are skeptical about 3D food printers, believing they are better suited for fast food restaurants than homes and high-end restaurants.
1. What benefit does 3D printing bring to food production?| A．It helps cooks to create new dishes. | B．It saves time and effort in cooking. |
| C．It improves the cooking conditions. | D．It contributes to restaurant decorations. |
| A．It solves food shortages easily. | B．It quickens the transportation of food. |
| C．It needs no space for the storage of food. | D．It uses renewable materials as sources of food. |
| A．is more available to consumers | B．can meet individual nutritional needs |
| C．is tastier than food in supermarkets | D．can keep all the nutrition in raw materials |
| A．The printing process is complicated. | B．3D food printers are too expensive. |
| C．Food materials have to be dry. | D．Some experts doubt 3D food printing. |
| A．3D Food Printing: Delicious New Technology | B．A New Way to Improve 3D Food Printing |
| C．The Challenges for 3D Food Production | D．3D Food Printing: From Farm to Table |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】Jack and Robert are sportsmen, but they are different. Jack is a runner. Every morning he goes swimming for one hour. Then he does strength training (力量训练) and practices running. He likes fish, beef and eggs. He eats a lot of fruit and vegetables, too. He hardly ever eats junk food (垃圾食品). Jack says he can’t be fat, or he can’t run fast. Robert is a sumo wrestler (相扑手). He weighs more than 150 kg, because he eats a lot and sleeps a long time. Robert only has lunch and supper every day, but he eats much. And he usually sleeps from the early evening to the next noon. He only practices in the afternoon. The training is usually very hard. These habits help him keep fat and be a good sumo wrestler.
1. What does Jack usually do in the morning?| A．He usually goes swimming. | B．He usually goes climbing. |
| C．He usually rides bikes. | D．He usually plays soccer. |
| A．Once a day. | B．Twice a day. |
| C．Three times a day. | D．Four times a day. |
| A．At midnight. | B．In the morning. |
| C．In the afternoon. | D．In the evening. |
A.  The sweet flavor (风味) is popular in eastern China including Fujian province. People there eat food with a sweeter and lighter flavor. And there are a lot of beautiful mountains. B.  Spiciness (辛辣) is popular in Sichuan province. Chilies (辣椒) are used in their food. They believe chilies can move cold. Sichuan is the hometown of pandas. You can see pandas and enjoy beautiful natural views. C.  People in Beijing prefer to eat salty food. Beijing has a lot of great buildings with long history. If you want to experience old Beijing life, you can also choose to stay in a traditional hutong courtyard. |
【推荐3】Birthday is a special day for most people. We may spend much time celebrating (庆祝) it. On birthdays, we may go for a trip, have a party or watch a movie with our parents and friends. We can also enjoy some special food. Do you know what people eat on their birthday all over the world? Here are three people from different countries. They tell us what food they eat on their birthday.
Liu Jing is from Beijing. “The long noodles are a symbol of long life. In China, red is a symbol of good luck. We think red eggs bring us good luck. So you can see Chinese eat long noodles and red eggs when they celebrate their birthday.” says Liu Jing.
“I am so happy because today is my birthday. I want to have a birthday party. At the party, we can play games, sing and dance. We can also eat a big birthday cake with fifteen candies. I’m sure we can have a good time at my birthday party.” says David from America.
“In Canada, people put a coin (硬币) into the cake. If the birthday person eats the cake with the coin, he or she will be lucky. I am so happy because I eat the cake with acoin,” says Sandy.
1. Liu Jing comes from ________.| A．China | B．Canada | C．America | D．Australia |
| A．13 | B．14 | C．15 | D．16 |
| A．watch ball games | B．watch a movie |
| C．eat dumplings | D．wear new clothes |
| A．three persons from different countries | B．why we celebrate our birthday |
| C．what to eat on one’s birthday in different countries | D．where to celebrate one’s birthday |
Do you wonder what your work environment will be in 10 years? Imagine you walk into your office, with the temperature just right. You sit down and begin a nice day.
The company also designed (设计) a kind of smart chair to match with the table.
Are you looking forward to working in such a comfortable and friendly work environment in the future?
| A．The chair is so comfortable. |
| B．UP7 can tell how long a user has been sitting in the chair. |
| C．It truly feels like reading and writing on real paper. |
| D．This is the kind of smart office that engineers are trying to make. |
| E．Sitting in front of a desk for too long can be bad for your health. |
【推荐2】KIDS IN CHARGE
Four young people got an early start inventing new things or creating their own businesses. They show us that it's never too early to follow our dreams.
LAVT Web Laima Tazmln Laima Tazmin borrowed her older brother's computer books and began creating Web sites for fun when she was 7 years old. Her hobby became a business idea in the third grade. From Laima's home office, she makes Web sites for small-business owners and artists now. | Shay's Bones and Biscuits Shay Hammond Since starting her own business at age 11, Shay Hammond has attracted many customers. Shay sells homemade dog treats and also takes orders online. In three years Shay's company has grown. It earned about $200 last year. |
ProPedder Kustoms Buddy Dillenberg  Buddy Dillenberg saved enough money to buy a car when he turned 16. Instead, he bought a machine and started his own business. Buddy makes cool add-ons for his friends' scooters, called Go-Peels. He also sold his scooter parts online. | Over the Edge Wheelchair Lift Christopher Whetzel  Christopher Whetzel, 12, has found another kind of success. Unlike the others, he hasn't started his own business. But like them, he has done something great. He made something to help those who are in wheelchairs to get back up and he won ＄10, 000 for his great idea. |
1. Lairna Tazrnin started to create Web sites at the age of __________.
| A．7 | B．11 | C．16 | D．12 |
| A．I.aima Tazmin. | B．Shay Hammond. |
| C．Buddy Dillenberg. | D．Christopher Whetzel. |
| A．She makes Web sites for companies. | B．She sells homemade dog food. |
| C．She sells scooter parts online. | D．She helps people in wheelchairs. |
【推荐3】Are you angry by the noise of your alarm clock every morning? Still feel sleepy after getting up? Now, you can say goodbye to that annoying alarm clock; you needn’t hear its unpleasant noise every morning.
The Glo Pillow(发光枕) can wake you up with soft LED lights. The lights produce the brightness over 40 minutes just like the sunrise.
The pillow is taking the place of the traditional alarm clock. It was designed(设计) by Eoin McNally and lan Walton to be against the pressures of a “24 hour” lifestyle.
The pillow uses a kind of LED material below the surface. It wakes the user up with light. The material can also show the time on the pillow’s surface, and it is perfect for those who sleep with their heads completely buried(埋) face down into the pillow. 40 minutes before the preset(预设) alarm time, the pillow begins to glow and gently brings the user out of sleep. The natural waking process helps to set “body clock” and makes people build a healthy sleep-and-wake habit slowly.
1. The pillow wakes people up with ________| A．smell | B．sound | C．light | D．touch |
| A．be against the pressures | B．bury their faces |
| C．build a healthy habit fast | D．set “body clock” |
| A．Body clock is useful to people | B．Glo Pillow brings you out of sleep |
| C．Two men created a new product | D．A new kind of LED lights wakes you up |
【推荐1】Every now and then, you may hear news of satellites (卫星) sent into space. On Feb 21, for example, US company SpaceX took 46 satellites into orbit (轨道). On Feb 27, China sent 22 satellites into orbit. Why do we need satellites?
There are more than 3, 000 active satellites moving around the earth, according to a Germany company. Satellites have all kinds of roles, such as sending TV signals (信号), showing you the way on the road, helping scientists with their studies, etc.
For example, the 22 satellites China just sent up are part of the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (北斗卫星导航系统). Shared bikes that use BeiDou chips (芯片) can provide more correct places, making them easier to find. Drones (无人机) can also use BeiDou while flying.
Before satellites, TV signals don’t reach very far. Mountains or tall buildings would block the signals. Phone calls to faraway places were also a problem. With satellites, TV signals and phone calls can be sent directly to a satellite and back down to different places on the earth. SpaceX is trying to go further. It plans to use satellites to provide people with Internet all over the world.
Satellites can also provide information about clouds, oceans, land and ice. They help scientists know changes in weather. By watching wildfires and volcanoes (火山), satellites can help to deal with natural disasters (灾害). Farmers can use satellites pictures to decide the best time to water their plants.
1. What can we know from the second paragraph?| A．People live better with the help of satellites. |
| B．With satellites, people will not be lost on the road any more. |
| C．Over 3000 Chinese satellites move around the earth day and night. |
| D．China has sent more satellites into orbit than the USA in February. |
| A．make signals clearer | B．make signals weaker |
| C．make signals stronger | D．make signals brighter |
| A．Satellites do great help to farmers. | B．Satellites send phone calls back to the earth. |
| C．Satellites provide information about the weather. | D．Satellites offer to help people travel all over the world. |
| A．More and better satellites | B．Useful satellites in space |
| C．The development of satellites | D．BeiDou Navigation Satellite |
Children don’t get up early to go to school. They have lessons at home on the Internet, too. Teachers teach their students and give them homework on the Internet. Children give the homework to their teachers on the Internet, too.
People don’t need to do much work. There are more robots(机器人). Robots do hard work for people. Parents don’t cook or wash clothes. A cooking robot cooks breakfast. In fact, robots do all the housework for us.
There are more holidays. Parents spend much time with their children. They spend a lot of time travelling around the world.
I think life in the future is very interesting. Do you think so?
1. What is the Chinese for the underlined phrase “credit cards”?
| A．身份证 | B．户口本 | C．信用卡 | D．优惠卡 |
| A．in the classroom | B．over the radio |
| C．on TV | D．on the Internet |
| A．eat dinner | B．cook meals |
| C．watch films | D．talk with friends |
| A．hard | B．easy | C．interesting | D．healthy |
| A．Life in the future |
| B．Studying at home |
| C．Working at home |
| D．A hard life |
【推荐3】Yesterday in English class, we had a discussion about AI, especially on how humans and AI get along. Many students spoke up and shared their thoughts on the topic. It was a lively and interesting discussion. Here are three of the students’ opinions.
Eileen, 13 years old | I want to add a pair of “super-long-distance” glasses (千里眼) in my eyes so that I can see interesting or dangerous things sooner. I could look out of the window and see people I miss far away. I could also warn people about earthquakes or other disasters. In this way, I can help warn people of the coming danger. |
Andy 15 years old | A huge difference between AI and humans is that robots don’t create new things, and they don’t get bored with things. Take the floor-cleaning robots as an example: They can sweep the floor for many hours without getting bored, but we humans would get bored quite quickly. We instinctively (本能地), and that’s where we have an advantage over AI. |
Eva, 14 years old | I don’t want my memories to be changed or improved, because every memory is beautiful and worth recalling. But if it must be changed or improved with the help of AI, I would bring back all the memories that I’ve forgotten. My family are always happy whenever they talk about my childhood. I think they would be good memories |
1. The discussion is about _________.
| A．how humans get on with AI |
| B．how humans get on with animals |
| C．how kids get on with their parents |
| A．her eyes were badly hurt |
| B．she would like to see people playing sports far away |
| C．she wants to see interesting or dangerous things sooner |
| A．humans can create new things |
| B．humans can make a quick decision |
| C．humans can draw beautiful pictures |
| A．change her memories |
| B．have her forgotten memories back |
| C．improve her memories |
| A．Unit 1 Nature |
| B．Unit 2 Culture |
| C．Unit 3 Science |
I'm Linda. Welcome to my room. My school ID card and my schoolbag are on the sofa. What are those in the bookcase？Oh，they are my tape player and some tapes. |
My name is Jack. This is my room. Look！My books are on the sofa. My blue jacket is on the bed. In the bookcase is my brother John's dictionary. Where is my pencil box？Oh，it is on the chair. |
Hi，I'm Sally. What can you see in my room？My computer is on the desk. The CDs are in the bookcase. What are those under the bed？Oh，they are three baseballs. They are my sister Alice's. |
1. Where is Linda's tape player?
| A．On the sofa. | B．On the desk. | C．On the bed. | D．In the bookcase. |
| A．black | B．red | C．blue | D．green |
| A．Jack's brother. | B．Jack's father. | C．Linda's brother. | D．Sally's friend. |
| A．Her schoolbag. | B．Some CDs. | C．Her computer game. | D．Three baseballs. |
| A．Linda' s | B．Jack's | C．Alice' s | D．Sally's |
Energy is the ability to do work. Solar energy (太阳能) comes from the Sun. There is also energy that comes from wind and water.
But do you know that energy can come from people, too? When you pedal (踩踏板) a bike, you produce energy. You use your legs to push the pedals. Your energy is transferred (转移) to the bike. That makes the bike move.
Now imagine riding your bike to create enough power to run a computer. Some students at one school did just that! They jumped on bikes connected to generators (发电机) and pedaled in place. Soon they were producing electricity. This energy is needed to run their computers.
Here is how bicycle-powered energy works. When a student pedals the bike, the back wheel spins. The wheel spins the generator. The generator produces electricity. As long as a student pedals the bicycle, electricity moves through the generator. The electricity can be used right away. This energy can also be stored(存储)and used later.
People use bicycle-powered energy to run small devices (设备) such as small televisions and fans. They often use less than 100 watts (瓦特) per hour. However, it would be a mistake to use pedal power to run a fridge. This large machine often uses more than 700 watts per hour. The electricity for these machines comes from power lines overhead or underground.
Pedal power can be seen in schools, gyms, and homes. What a fun way to provide electricity!
1. How does the writer lead into the topic “bicycle-powered energy” in Paragraph 2?| A．By asking a question. | B．By telling a joke. |
| C．By using an old saying. | D．By making a survey. |
| A．Falls down suddenly. | B．Breaks up completely. |
| C．Moves up and down slowly. | D．Turns round and round quickly. |
| A．The future of new energy. | B．The forms of world’s energy. |
| C．Using bicycle-powered energy. | D．Producing bicycle-powered energy. |
| A．Unit 1 The World of Science. | B．Unit 2 Friends Forever. |
| C．Unit 3 The Dream of the Stars. | D．Unit 4 The Value of Money. |
【推荐3】Laurel Snyder is a writer of picture books and novels (小说) for children. In Orphan Island, she writes about childhood. Instead of the story about children with parents and grandparents, she puts her characters on an imaginary island. On the island, everything is perfect. There are nine orphans (孤儿) who are living a happy life. Each day is full of adventure (冒险) and beauty. Nothing bad ever happens to these orphans. They have food and homes, and they never get sick.
Just like real life, the children grow on this island. Each year, they see a boat come. And the boat takes away the oldest child, leaving a new child with them. When it is Deen’s turn to leave, a girl named Essy will arrive.
The main character of the story is a girl named Jinny. She is sad when Deen leaves because Deen protects her. After Deen has gone, she is the oldest on the island. She knows it will be her turn to leave next year. Jinny does not want to leave, so she tries to find out why one of them must leave.
We may never fully understand why things must change. All we can do is to accept the changes and then try to make the best of our new life.
1. What is Orphan Island about?| A．Childhood. | B．An island. |
| C．Beautiful pictures. | D．Children with parents. |
| A．Dangerous. | B．Boring. | C．Perfect. | D．Difficult. |
| A．Jinny. | B．Essy. | C．Deen. | D．Laurel Snyder. |
