1 . People often ride bikes in the city. But if you want to ride in a mountainous area, you might need to change your bike's tires( 轮胎) or even use a different bike. This is quite inconvenient(不便的) for city bikers.

A company from Norway has found a way to solve this problem. The company has invented reTyre, a new kind of tire. The tire is made of rubber(橡胶) and has a zipper(拉链) on the side. When you want to ride in the mountains, you can just put reTyre over your bike tires. It's kind of like how we put on different clothes depending on the wea- ther.

The installation(安装) process takes less than 60 seconds. A small piece of round metal on the zipper locks in place once you finish the installation. There's no need to worry about it moving here and there against the base tire. The tire is not easy to press into a different shape, even at high speeds or when taking a sudden turn. There are three types of reTyre that are suitable for different land conditions.

In the future, the company plans to make tires that can communicate with the rider through a smart phone.

根据短文内容，判断句子正（T）误（F）。
1. The bike's tires in the city might be different from that in the mountainous area.
2. The company that invented reTyre is in America.
3. It takes a biker more than 1 minute to put new reTyre on a bike.
4. In fact, three types of reTyre are designed for different land conditions.
5. From the passage, we can know the company will have another new invention.

2 . Getting a good night's sleep can make you feel more refreshed (精力恢复) when you wake up in the morning. All stages of sleep are important; if you're not getting enough sleep, waking up in the morning can be really hard.

Most adults need between seven and nine hours of sleep a night to make sure they're performing at their best. Getting enough good-quality sleep will make you wake up feeling good and more active during the day.

Too much bright light at night can make falling asleep difficult. This is because bright light prevents melatonin(褪黑素) which can promote sleep. This is why we don't advise using things like mobile phones, tablets(掌上电脑)or laptops in bed before sleep.

Eating a large evening meal too close to bedtime can put pressure on your stomach when you lie down. Eating dinner at least two to three hours before going to bed will make sure food is digested enough. Drinking water or something else should also be reduced before bedtime so you don't wake up to go to the toilet. It's advised to avoid wine for at least four hours before bedtime.

1. If you don't get enough sleep, you will________.

A．not wake up easily in the morning	B．find it very hard to sleep again
C．not work well next day	D．need more time to sleep next day

2. How can you keep active during the day?

A．By getting as much sleep as possible.	B．By making our sleep good-quality and enough.
C．By improving our work efficiency.	D．By changing our everyday habits.

3.           may make falling asleep less difficult.

A．Playing an iPad in bed	B．Having bright light in the morning
C．Using mobile phones with the light on	D．Keeping our bedroom dark

4. The underlined word “digested” means “        ”in Chinese.

A．煮熟

B．食用

C．消化

D．排泄

5. Which of the following is TRUE about food and drink?

A．We should have little food for our dinner.

B．There should be at least four hours between drinking wine and sleeping.

C．We'd better not drink water in the evening.

D．Drinking a little orange juice before bedtime can be good for sleep.

3 . According to the latest news,China plans to use E-tickets for high-speed trains across the country in 2019. Passengers will be able to put their smartphones or ID cards close to a card reader at the ticket barrier (检票口) to enter the station.

In recent years,travelers in Beijing, Shanghai,Guangzhou,Shenzhen and other major cities in China have been able to use their ID cards to get on high-speed trains. But passengers in poor areas still need paper tickets to take the train. The good news is that at the beginning of 2019,pilot projects (试点项目) for E-tickets have already started at some railway stations.

Electronic payment and tickets have greatly changed people's lives since they have become increasingly popular with passengers to take the bus and subway in China. In this way,the advanced technology will help passengers save time,make travel more convenient and comfortable.

Besides that,E-tickets are more eco-friendly,as there is no need for special paper and ink to print paper tickets. And personal information isn't easy to be leaked (泄露) because of the technology. This is truly a win-win situation for both the passengers and environment.

1. E-tickets mean that passengers can use smartphones or ID cards at the ticket barrier.
2. Not all passengers can get on high-speed trains with their ID cards in China now.
3. E-tickets pilot projects will begin at the end of 2019.
4. People prefer to take the bus or subway by using paper tickets.
5. E-tickets are more and more popular because they are eco-friendly and safe.

4 . 反式脂肪

There may be something in your food that you can't see and smell. But it could be killing you. It's called trans fat(反式脂肪).

Trans fat is usually taken from the hydrogenated( 氢化) vegetable oil. Food makers use this low-priced oil to make food stay fresh longer. It can be found in food such as cakes, fried food and so on. Studies have found that trans fat increases the risk of heart disease.

“Some countries have been stopping trans fat from being used, such as Denmark and a few states in the US. And it's really important that governments around the world change trans fat for healthier oils,” said Frieden, the head of the public health organization.

The WHO calls on governments to take some steps. These include changing trans fat for healthier oils, letting the public realize trans fat can have bad influence on people's health, and carrying out anti-tans fat laws.

If people stop eating foods made with trans fat, more than 17 million lives could be saved over the next 25 years.

1. Trans fat can be seen in our food according to the passage.
2. Trans fat is added to food because it can stop food from going bad.
3. Trans fat can't be used in Denmark and some states in the US.
4. The WHO asked governments to let the public know less about trans fat.
5. This article mainly tells us to stay away from trans fat.

5 . 冰激凌

Do you like eating ice-cream? The earliest ice was eaten in China many years ago. People put fruit juice into ice. Later, this idea spread to Italy. Nero, the emperor of Rome between 54 AD and 68 AD, liked to eat ice between violin lessons. He ordered runners to run to the mountain to get snow and then quickly run back to the palace. And the snow was mixed with fruit juice and honey.

Around 1660, coffee shops serving ice-cream were very popular in Paris. Most of the coffee shops were owned by Italians. The first successful one was opened by a man from Italy named Francesco Procopio.

Ice-cream was probably passed to America in the early 1700s. Dolly Madison, the wife of President Madison, was the first one to serve her guests ice-cream in the White House.

Before ice-cream was sold in stores, it was made and frozen(冷冻) at home. It took lots of work to mix cream, eggs, fruit, ice and salt, and then to freeze it. Nancy Johnson, an American woman made the hand-turned ice-cream freezer(冷冻机) in 1846. Five years later, Jacob Flusell opened the first ice-cream store in Baltimore, Maryland.

1. People in China ate ice with coffee many years ago.
2. Francesco Procopio opened the first successful coffee shop serving ice-cream in Italy.
3. Dolly Madison was the first one to serve her guests ice- cream in the White House.
4. Ice-cream was made and frozen in stores when it was sold.
5. The first ice-cream store was opened by Jacob Flusell in 1851.

6 . 设定目标

Why is setting goals important? Because goals can help you do and experience everything you want in life. Most of the time, you just let life happen to you.    1    

Successful and happy people have a plan of how their life should be and set the goals to help them reach their dreams. By setting goals, you are taking control of your life.    2     Think of it in this way. There are two drivers. One has a place to go clearly in mind which can be found on a map.    3     He starts off at the same time from the same place as the first driver. But he drives aimlessly(漫无目的地) around, never getting anywhere, just wasting time. Which driver do you want to be?

    4     They decide what they want in life and then get there by making plans and setting goals. Unsuccessful people just let life happen by accident. Goals aren't difficult to set, and they aren't difficult to reach.

Researches tell us that when we write a goal down, we are more likely to achieve it    5    Also, when you write your goals in a special way, you are able to make yourself get prepared and nearer to your goals.

A．Written goals have more power.

B．The other driver has no goal or map.

C．Winners in life set goals and stick to them.

D．But goals allow you to make your life happen.

E．Your surroundings have a great influence on yourself.

F．It’s like having a map to show you where you want to go.

G．Setting a small goal or a big goal has nothing to do with the results.

7 . 国画

Chinese painting is one of the oldest forms of painting in the world.    1     Chinese painters often paint natural scenes, animals or people. Buildings are seldom included, unless they make up a small part of a natural scene.

There are two kinds of traditional Chinese paintings.    2     This style of painting takes a lot of time to make, because everything is painted in great detail. This style often uses a lot of colors as well.    3    

The second style of Chinese painting is ink-wash painting(水墨画). Ink-wash paintings are done very quickly.    4     Ink -wash paintings also have fewer details, because the painter is trying to get across the impression of the scene with just a few brush strokes. Long ago, most ink-wash artists did not work as painters but painted as a hobby.     5    

A．The first is the Gongbi style.

B．Nobody likes ink-wash paintings now.

C．An Ink-wash painting takes lots of time to finish.

D．This style of painting may not always have many colors.

E．Long ago, most painters in China used the Gongbi style.

F．However, a good ink-wash artist could still become famous.

G．Chinese artists first began painting more than two thousand years ago.

8 . 如何克服学业压力

Schoolwork can be very stressful. It can be easy to fall into a bad study habit which can leave you feeling stressed.    1    

Making a good study plan is important to stress-free studying.    2     Then, map out a plan to complete all of the work. Finally you will find you have got many “achievements” in your schoolwork.

You may not concentrate on your homework by some apps. Put your phone away from you. If you can't do it, as the hours pass by, you will become more stressed since you have not finished all your homework.    3     If you want to study well, you need to control yourself better.

You will not remember all of the materials that you are studying if you are lack of sleep. When you are making your study plan, be sure to schedule(安排) proper time to rest.    4    

If you are going to be successful, you need to be confident in your abilities.    5     Sometimes，facing difficult objects, you may feel scared or you want to say “I can't do it.” Don't worry. You should build your confidence first.

A．Find a relaxing place to study.

B．Try to get eight hours of sleep each night.

C．Sometimes stress is good for your studying.

D．Here are a few ways for reducing your stress.

E．You should turn your phone off or in silence.

F．Avoid saying something like “I can't study it well.”

G．First, make a list of all the schoolwork that you need to finish.

9 . 获得友谊的方法

Many people really don't know how to get a real friendship. Here are some suggestions on how to get a real friendship.

You may know that a real friend always tries to meet his friends, no matter how busy he is or how far away he lives.    1     A real friend is a treasure (财富). You shouldn't ignore( 忽略) your friends just because you are not in the same city.

Nobody likes people who always tell him how to do this or that.    2     Therefore, before making friends, you have to decide whom you want to be friends with. When you find your friends are quite different, you can accept your friends the way they are.

    3     And try your best to keep it if you've made one. Because once you break your promise, it's hard to win your friends' trust again.

A real friend should be ready to offer help to his friends.    4     Your friends need it even if it is as light as a few words of encouragement or a smile.

    5    Then you can easily get a real friendship. Remind each other that friendship is very important.

A．Don't think your help is so light.

B．You can put these tips into practice.

C．Real friends always think about others.

D．Think twice before you make a promise.

E．That's because he knows friendship is very important.

F．They have their own thoughts on everything as they do.

G．Don't be afraid of admitting that you have made mistakes.

10 . There have been many great inventions that changed the way we live. The first great invention was one that is still very important today—the wheel. This made it easier to carry heavy things.

Then in the early 1800’s the world started to change. There was little unknown land left in the world. People didn’t have to explore(探测) much anymore. They began to work to make life better.

In the second half of the 19th century, many great inventions were made. Among them were the camera, the light and the radio. These all became a big part of our life today.

The first part of the 20th century saw more great inventions：the helicopter in1907, movies with sound in 1923. the computer in 1927, and jet planes in 1930. This was also a time when a new material was first made.   Nylon（尼龙）came in 1937. It changed the kind of clothes people wear.   

By this time most people had a very good life, and man has a desire to explore again. The world was known to man but the stars were not. Man began looking for ways to go into space. Russia made the first step. Then the United States took a step. Since then other countries, including China and Japan, have made their steps into space.   

New inventions will someday allow us to do things we have never yet dreamed of.

1. Before the early 1800’s, people could carry heavy things easier because of the invention of the         .

A．wheel

B．car

C．plane

D．electricity

2. From the text, we can learn that           .

A．the camera is still a big part of our life today

B．the US is the first country that went into space

C．America, Russia, Japan and China began to explore the stars before 1969

D．in the early 1800’s people began to explore the unknown land to make life better

3. Nylon came out nearly at the same time as            .

A．radio

B．camera

C．jet planes

D．movies

4. The underlined word“desire”means“            ”.

A．good way	B．new invention
C．strong wish	D．wonderful idea

5. Which is the best title for the passage?

A．Why Cars Were Very Important.

B．When the Light Was Invented.

C．Which Country Made the First Step into Space?

D．How Inventions Influenced People’s Life.