1 . The world uses about a thousand million (百万) tons of water a day. Water is a human right and everyone should have their share. Yet more than 700 million people around the world have trouble getting clean, safe water.
Treating wastewater is a good way to provide fresh water for us. And it also helps the environment by keeping waste out of rivers and oceans. 80% of wastewater around the world is not treated at all, and it is running into oceans. But now we have got the technology to treat and reuse the wastewater.
While 75% of our planet is covered with water, only about 2% is fresh water—that comes from rivers, lakes, ice and snow. The rest, 98% of the water, is in seas and oceans. It is too salty to drink. Then desalination businesses come in. More than 19,000 factories have been built around the world, mostly in coastal countries. They process (加工) more than 92 million tons of water every day. But the technology they use requires a lot of energy.
Scientists are working to create a less costly technology. They want to produce 20 times more clean water and make sure everyone has enough. But for now, the world still faces each day with not having enough water for everyone.
1. How many people have trouble in getting clean water around the world?| A．Under 10 million. |
| B．Only 19 million. |
| C．About 92 million. |
| D．Over 700 million. |
| A．storing waste in ice and snow | B．letting waste run into oceans |
| C．keeping waste out of rivers and oceans | D．sending waste to coastal countries |
| A．needs much energy | B．saves much money |
| C．satisfies everyone | D．causes pollution |
| A．Water should be a human right. | B．The water problem is still serious. |
| C．Our planet is covered with water. | D．Everyone has enough clean water. |
2 . Some people have to use public transport, some dislike it and still some love it. If everyone has a car and drives anywhere they want to go, there will be serious traffic problems on the road. Luckily, trains are a good form of public transport.
British people use trains a lot. This is especially so for people who are travelling from London to Paris. Every day about 20 trains leave London. They travel at a very high speed and people feel glad that the trains take only 2 hours and 30 minutes to reach Paris. It’s much faster to travel by train than by bus or by car. This is because people have to drive cars or buses very carefully and slowly for many reasons, such as speed limits and traffic jams. However, when you are travelling by train, the speed is almost the same and there is no traffic jam for a train.
Besides, Londoners think taking a train is one of the safest ways of travelling on the ground. Trains take quite a number of quality tests while they are made. More importantly, they have to take many safety checks before they are used on the rail track.
What’s more, trains in Britain are comfortable and provide fine services for their users. When you are on a London train, you will find that the train has comfortable tables and seats where people can sit. They also provide food services and power plugs(插头) for personal computers or mobile phones.
1. The main idea of the passage is that ________.| A．British people enjoy public transport |
| B．it’s fast to travel from London to Paris |
| C．trains in Britain provide fine services for their users |
| D．trains are a good form of public transport for Londoners |
| A．drivers can drive fast | B．drivers can drive carelessly |
| C．cars are not moving fast | D．cars will stop working |
| A．speed | B．safety | C．services | D．problems |
| A．old and slow | B．large, clean and powerful |
| C．fine and important | D．fast, safe and comfortable |
| A．We can travel from London to Paris in less than 2 hours. |
| B．We can do our work with personal computers on the train. |
| C．We have to wait till we get off the train in order to have some food. |
| D．The trains are only checked for quality reasons before they are used. |
3 . From red apples and yellow lemons to blueberries and green melons, fruit comes in many different colors. Why do different kinds of fruits have so many colors?
According to Chinese Academy of Sciences, fruit colors actually come from their different pigments (色素), such as red or yellow carotenoid (类胡萝卜素) and blue or purple anthocyanin (花青素). These pigments appear in different amounts, depending on the fruit’s environment. This causes the fruit to turn a certain color.
To find out how the environment affects fruit colors, Chinese scientists studied more than 280 different fruit colors, including white, red, blue, purple and black.
They found that red fruit tends to grow in cooler places. And instead of just growing in one place, you can find them growing in many places around the world. Blue and purple fruit mostly grows in warm places. These fruit tends to grow a lot in just one special area. The scientists also found that the closer the fruit is to the equator (赤道) , the darker its color will be.
Animals have also had an impact on the evolution (进化) of fruit colors. Animals eat fruit and drop the seeds in other places later. This helps the fruit spread and grow in different places. Therefore, in order to attract animals, some fruits develop colors that are easy for animals to see.
However, animals see colors in a different way. Fruit needs to develop colors that are suited to animals’ visual abilities. For example, birds can see red more easily than humans can. Therefore, there tends to be more red fruit in areas where birds live. The lemurs (狐猴) of Madagascar are red-green color-blind. Many yellow fruits can be found in their habitats (栖息地), as they can easily see this color.
1. You are more likely to find blue and purple fruit in ________ places.| A．cooler | B．warmer | C．higher | D．lower |
| A．scare animals away | B．absorb more sunlight |
| C．attract animals to eat them | D．protect themselves |
| A．Dark fruit tends to grow close to the equator. | B．Green fruit tends to grow in cool places. |
| C．Humans can see red more easily than bird. | D．Lemurs are color-blind and can’t see any colors. |
a. the environment b. the pigment c. animals d. scientists
| A．ad | B．bc | C．ac | D．bd |
4 . Most people want to be happy, but few know how to find happiness, Money and success alone do not bring lasting happiness. Aristotle, a Greek thinker, said, “Happiness depends on ourselves.” In other words, we make our own happiness. Here are a few suggestions to help you be happier.
The first secret of happiness is to enjoy the simple things in life. Too often, we spend so much time thinking about the future that we fail to enjoy the present. For example, getting into college or getting a good job. You should enjoy life’s simple pleasures, such as reading a good book, listening to your favorite music, or spending time with close friends. People who have several close friends often live happier and healthier lives.
Another secret to living a happy life is to be active, and have hobbies where you forget your problems and time. Many people experience this, such as swimming, dancing, or playing a sport. You can forget about your problems, and only think about the activity, such as swimming, dancing, or playing a sport.
Finally, many people find happiness in helping others. Studies show that people feel good when they spend their time helping others. If you want to feel happier, do good things for someone. You can help a friend with his or her studies, go shopping to buy food for an elderly person, or simply help out around the house by washing the dishes.
1. The best title of the passage is ________.| A．Money Makes You Happy | B．The Secrets of Happiness |
| C．Ideas for Helping Other People to Be Happy | D．Good Friends Make You Happy |
| A．the more friends you have, the happier you will be |
| B．we shouldn’t think about our future |
| C．happiness is to enjoy the simple things in life |
| D．some people fail to live a happy life |
| A．one | B．two | C．three | D．four |
| A．everyone knows how to live a happier life |
| B．it’s wrong to spend time on work |
| C．hobbies take up too much time |
| D．doing good things for someone can make you happier |
| A．Reading a good book. | B．Traveling to a foreign country. |
| C．Playing a sport. | D．Spending time with close friends. |
5 . When John was growing up, other kids felt sorry for him, as his parents always had him do some housework or do some part-time jobs. But when John reached adulthood, he was better off than his childhood friends. He had a better career, a better marriage and was healthier. Most of all, he was happier.
These are the findings of a 40-year study. Researchers followed the lives of 456 teenage boys from Boston. The study showed that those who worked when they were young enjoyed happier and more successful lives than those who did not. “Boys who worked in the home or community gained competence (能力) and came to feel they were useful members of society,” said George Vaillant, the psychologist (心理学家) who made the discovery. “And because they felt good about themselves, others felt good about them, too.”
Vaillant’s study followed these males all these years. Interviews were repeated at ages 25, 31 and 47. Under Vaillant, the researchers compared the men’s mental-health scores with their boyhood-activity scores. Points were awarded for part-time jobs, housework, effort in school, and the ability to deal with problems.
The link between what the men once did as young boys and how they turned out as adults was very sharp. Those who did the most boyhood activities were twice as likely to have warm relations with other people, five times as likely to be well paid and 16 times less likely to have been unemployed. The researchers also found that IQ and family social and economic class (社会和经济阶层) made no real difference in how the boys turned out.
Working-at any age-is important. Childhood activities help a child develop responsibility, independence, confidence and competence-the basis (基础) of emotional health. They also help him understand that people must work with others towards common goals. The most competent adults are those who know how to do this. Yet work isn’t everything. As Tolstory once said, “One can live magnificently in this world if one knows how to work and how to love, to work for the person one loves and to love one’s work.”
1. Which of the following is TRUE about John?| A．He liked doing part-time jobs. | B．He enjoyed his career and marriage. |
| C．He received little love from his family. | D．He had few friends when he was a child. |
| A．Because he did part-time jobs after work. |
| B．Because he felt proud of himself when working. |
| C．Because his working experience in his childhood was of help. |
| D．Because he was happier than his friends when they were young. |
| A．By comparing different sets of scores. | B．By checking the men’s mental health. |
| C．By recording the boy’s effort in school. | D．By testing the men’s problem-solving ability. |
| A．IQ plays an important role in people’s development |
| B．social and economic class decides how our career goes |
| C．only working at a young age is important to our adult life |
| D．the ability of working with others towards goals is very important |
6 . When you travel in Hong Kong SAR, you must be careful of the traffic rules, because the traffic(交通)keeps to the left. Before crossing the street, you must look to the right and then to the left. If the traffic lights are red, the traffic must stop, and people can go across the zebra line(斑马线). If the traffic lights turn green, the traffic can go, and people mustn’t cross the road.
In the morning and in the evening, when people go to or come from work, the streets are very busy. The traffic is the most dangerous. When you go somewhere by bus in Hong Kong SAR, you have to be careful, too. Always remember the traffic keeps to the left. Have a look first, or you may go the wrong way. In Hong Kong SAR, there are a lot of big buses with two floors. You’d better sit on the second floor. From there you can watch the city very well. How interesting!
1. In Hong Kong SAR, the traffic moves .| A．on the right | B．on the left | C．in the middle | D．in the park |
| A．the front | B．the right | C．the left | D．B and C |
| A．the people must stop | B．the traffic must stop |
| C．the people and the traffic must stop | D．the traffic and the people must wait |
| A．dangerous | B．interesting | C．easy | D．safe |
| A．first | B．second | C．third | D．fourth |
7 . Imagine having a ear made out of an apple. It seems like a crazy idea from horror movie. But it could happen in the near future.
Canadian biophysicist Andrew Pelling used an apple to grow a human ear. He thinks fruit and vegetables can be used to cheaply repair human body parts in the future.
Scientists have been trying to grow organs(器官) in abs(实验室) to replace our old ones. But it is a hard job. For example liver cells(肝细胞) can grow in a lab, but the cells still need things like blood vessels(血管) to actually work. These things have to grow inside a scaffold（支架）.
In the past, scientists have used man-made materials, animals parts and even dead people as scaffolds. But that has proved(证实) to be difficult and expensive.
Pelling and his team, however, found the apple to be a cheap and easy-to-use scaffold . They first cut an apple into the shape of an ear. Then they used a special way to take out the apples cell and make it a scaffold. The team then added human cells to the apple, and watched it grow.
“You can implant these scaffolds into the body, and the body will send in cells and a blood supply and actually keep these things alive,” Pelling said during a Ted Talk speech.
The team put the apple scaffold inside a living mouse and the mouse’s cells slowly took over the pieces of the apple.
Now Pelling is thinking of other fruit, plants or vegetables to use.
He says that the shape of flower petals(花瓣) could be perfect for repairing skin. And asparagu（芦笋） could fix a broken spine(脊柱).
Now, Pelling and his team are trying hard to put these crazy ideas into reality.
1. Where is Pelling from?| A．Canada. | B．America. | C．Australia. | D．Italy. |
| A．animal parts | B．dead people | C．man-made materials | D．ordinary apples |
| A．pick | B．put | C．produce | D．protect |
a. put the apple scaffold inside a mouse b. add human cells to the apple scaffold
c. cut an apple into the shape of an ear d. make the apple ear a scaffold
e. take out the apple’s cells in a special way
| A．a-b-c-d-e | B．b-c-d-a-e | C．c-e-d-b-a | D．c-d-a-e-b |
| A．to make human ears | B．to repair burnt skin |
| C．to fix a broken spine | D．to make human body parts |
8 . Wild animals are our friends, but many of them are getting fewer and fewer. We should try to protect them. The four animals below are now in danger.
Tibetan Antelopes
Tibetan antelopes（藏羚羊）are medium-sized animals. They mainly feed on grass. They are usually found in groups of about 20. They are killed for their wool, which is warm, soft and fine and can be made into expensive clothes. Although people can get the wool without killing the animals, people simply kill them before taking the wool. The number of them is dropping year by year. There are less than 75, 000 Tibetan antelopes left in the wild, down from a million 50 years ago.
Golden Monkeys
Golden monkeys are mainly in Sichuan, Gansu, Shanxi province and Shennongjia mountainous area of Hubei Province. Golden monkeys have golden-orange fur. They move around in the daytime, usually in groups of as many as 100 to 200 heads, or 20 to 30 heads. They feed on fruits and young leaves of bamboos. But people are destroying（毁害）the environment where they live, trees and bamboos are disappearing（消失）, so golden monkeys have less and less to eat.
Elephants
Elephants are very big and strong. They are bigger than any other animal on land. They are grey and have long trunks（象鼻）and tusks（长牙）. They have poor eyesight, but very good hearing and smell. They can lift heavy things and break down branches with their trunks. Elephants are very friendly towards each other and towards their neighbours. Normally, they live in a group for many years. Young male elephants do not leave the group until they are about 12 years old. Now, there are very few elephants in the world. The number of them is becoming smaller because their living areas are used for farming. Also, people hunt them for their tusks.
Wolves
Wolves are not very big. They have grey fur. Wolves have very good eyesight, hearing and smell. Wolves’ food is various. They eat animals, insects and snails（蜗牛）. They are friendly to each other and never attack people. Wolves are in danger, too. They are losing their living areas because people cut down forests. Soon they will have no home or food.
1. Tibetan antelopes usually live in groups of about ________.| A．20 | B．30 | C．100 | D．200 |
| A．Tibetan antelopes. | B．Golden monkeys. | C．Elephants. | D．Wolves. |
| A．There are less than 7, 500 Tibetan antelopes left in the wild now. | B．Golden monkeys usually move around during the night. |
| C．Elephant have good eyesight, but very poor hearing and smell. | D．Wolves are friendly to each other and they never attack people. |
| A．They are in Sichuan. | B．They are unfriendly. |
| C．They move around in the daytime. | D．They are disappearing soon. |
| A．Wild Animals in Danger. | B．How to Hunt Wild Animals. |
| C．Animals in the Zoo. | D．How to Train the Animals. |
9 . The teen years are an exciting time for girls, but these years they can also be filled with worries and struggles. Parents really care for them, even if they don’t always act like it. They need your love, guidance, and support each day to help them become healthy and happy.
With the busy lives we lead today, how can you do this?
*Spend time with your daughter. Set a good example to your daughter. Eat right, exercise, deal with stress(压力) in healthy ways, and don’t use drugs(毒品), alcohol(酒) or cigarettes.
*Try to find a good balance(平衡) between work and fun in your own life. This will show your daughter that she can have balance in her life.
*Teach her good values and a sense of responsibility(责任). Then trust her to make good choices.
*Set rules with them. Setting fair rules can help girls keep away from social problems which they can’t solve.
It’s normal for a girl to want to try new things. When your daughter is angry with you, she may make poor choices. Turn her mistakes into lessons, show her you still love her, and point out the good thing she does. Teach her not to be ashamed(惭愧) of having a problem with stress, grades, weight, drugs or alcohol. Even though you might feel upset and tired at times, everything you do will make a difference in your daughter’s life and she will thank you!
1. The teens need love from their parents because ________.| A．they are children |
| B．they don’t know anything |
| C．the teen years are filled with worries and struggles |
| D．they don’t have enough money |
| A．never to let your daughter be angry with you |
| B．to set rules with her |
| C．to set a good example to your daughter |
| D．to spend time with your daughter |
| A．try new things |
| B．try to find a good balance between work and fun in our own life |
| C．turn mistakes into lessons |
| D．teach her good values and a sense of responsibility |
| A．be big | B．be greater | C．be different | D．be important |
| A．We want to have a happy life. |
| B．The ways parents help their daughters in their life. |
| C．Parents are important for children. |
| D．We want our children to be healthy. |
10 . When you eat out with friends, it is not easy to decide what to order. There are often too many things on the menu, and everything looks good.
Many writers wrote some books on how to order food. Here are some of their tips:
1)Take a quick look at the menu and order what catches your eyes first. Spend no more than 2-3 seconds deciding.
2)The key to order a good meal is to know what the cooks are good at.
3)Ask the waiters what they recommend(推荐)and order something else—they always try to let you order expensive dishes and make money. Haha...
4)Take the menu and divide(划分)into 4 or 5 pieces. Order from only one of the pieces, and don’t look at the other pieces. You will be happier with your meals.
5)Ask others about what they are having and order the nicest food for yourselves.
1. How many tips does the writer give us?2. Why is it difficult to decide what to order?
3. What is the key to order a good meal?
4. How many pieces can we divide the menu into?
5. Why doesn’t the writer order the food the waiters recommend?
