1 . The world uses about a thousand million (百万) tons of water a day. Water is a human right and everyone should have their share. Yet more than 700 million people around the world have trouble getting clean, safe water.
Treating wastewater is a good way to provide fresh water for us. And it also helps the environment by keeping waste out of rivers and oceans. 80% of wastewater around the world is not treated at all, and it is running into oceans. But now we have got the technology to treat and reuse the wastewater.
While 75% of our planet is covered with water, only about 2% is fresh water—that comes from rivers, lakes, ice and snow. The rest, 98% of the water, is in seas and oceans. It is too salty to drink. Then desalination businesses come in. More than 19,000 factories have been built around the world, mostly in coastal countries. They process (加工) more than 92 million tons of water every day. But the technology they use requires a lot of energy.
Scientists are working to create a less costly technology. They want to produce 20 times more clean water and make sure everyone has enough. But for now, the world still faces each day with not having enough water for everyone.
1. How many people have trouble in getting clean water around the world?| A．Under 10 million. |
| B．Only 19 million. |
| C．About 92 million. |
| D．Over 700 million. |
| A．storing waste in ice and snow | B．letting waste run into oceans |
| C．keeping waste out of rivers and oceans | D．sending waste to coastal countries |
| A．needs much energy | B．saves much money |
| C．satisfies everyone | D．causes pollution |
| A．Water should be a human right. | B．The water problem is still serious. |
| C．Our planet is covered with water. | D．Everyone has enough clean water. |
2 . As a child, visiting the zoo was more a punishment than a treat. I didn’t find the chimps’ tea parties funny, nor does the bird show entertaining. Feeding time for seals was less painful, but their performances still seemed like they belonged more in a circus.
And I hated circuses(马戏团), especially the animal acts-men teasing lions, girls balancing on elephants and monkeys playing football. I knew that every trick a circus animal did was unnatural, achieved through strict training and quite possibly cruelty.
Happily, during my lifetime public attitudes and the law have changed. Circuses using wild animals have now almost disappeared, and zoos have definitely improved.
When my children were young, I occasionally took them to our local zoo. The elephants were in tiny cages and the gorillas looked bored as they sat peeling bananas and staring at teasing visitors. Each cage had a sign which listed the animal’s name and where it came from. But, back then, there was little information included about the environmental challenges they faced.
As a result, environmentalists and animal lovers often oppose(反对) zoos. “Animals belong in the wild” is a common and understandable complaint. But what do the animals themselves prefer?
Generally speaking, zoo animals have a longer life. But you may protest they are not free. What? Free to be hunted and killed, free to die of hunger or thirst? Maybe sitting in a cage eating bananas isn’t so bad.
Not that such conditions are acceptable in modern zoos, due to the work of BIAZA, the British and Irish Association of Zoos and Aquariums. These days every zoo requires BIAZA’s approval to operate, and the association sets the standards, observes conditions in zoos and develops animal-research programmes, both in the UK and abroad. BIAZA also organizes the animal exchanges between zoos all over the world.
Consequently, today, most zoo animals are born and raised in zoos, live in large, comfortable enclosures and are cared for by well-trained, knowledgeable and caring zoo employees. Of course, it’s no substitute for living in the wild but unfortunately this isn’t always possible. Meanwhile, why not visit your local zoo and decide for yourself?
1. The passage is mainly about ________.| A．how zoos have improved |
| B．whether a zoo should be closed down |
| C．a new environmental organization |
| D．the difference between zoos and circuses |
| A．had much shorter lives than those in the wild |
| B．were not treated well by their trainers |
| C．should have been placed in zoos |
| D．were not as intelligent as those in zoos |
| A．Organizing animal study projects and training zoo workers. |
| B．Checking zoo conditions and arranging animal exchanges. |
| C．Designing zoos and approving zoo operations. |
| D．Caring for ill animals and setting zoo standards. |
| A．Zoo animals should be freed into the wild. |
| B．Zoos are more popular now than in the past. |
| C．Zoo animals are more restricted than in the past. |
| D．Zoos now provide caring living conditions for animals. |
| A. This electric product can make you cool during the hot days. It can help you change the temperature and control the humidity (湿度) of your room. B. You can do many things with this product, such as sending e-mails, playing games, getting online and so on. You can also listen to music with it when you want to relax. C. This electric product is useful to all of us. People often have one at home. It is often put up on the wall. If you want to know the time, just take a look at it. D. This can help you wash your dirty clothes and dry them. What you need to do is to turn it on and later hang the clothes on the line. With this electric product, life will be a lot easier for you. E. Each family needs this product. You can use it to store meat, vegetables, fruit, drinks and medicine. It can keep them cool and fresh, so that they will not go bad easily on hot days. F. It is a very useful product which tells you the time. It can wake you up with a piece of music any time you want, but you have to set the time first. G. When you wash your hair, you need this product. It can make your wet hair dry in a minute. It can also be used for drying your wet clothes or some other wet things. |
4 . Dolphins are one of the cleverest animals in the world. We may hear of many stories about how dolphins save people out of water.
Dolphins often eat fish and some other sea animals. A dolphin with a weight of 200kg to 250kg will eat 10kg to 25kg of fish every day. They like to swim with other dolphins and usually hunt in groups.
Dolphins have very good hearing. They use it to find things under the water. Many scientists also believe dolphins can even talk to each other through a special whistle (哨声). People from different areas don’t speak the same language. Just like people, dolphins’ whistles have many kinds. One day we may understand dolphins’ whistles, and then they will be able to tell us about themselves.
Dolphins live in the sea, but they are not a kind of fish and they don’t lay eggs. They have babies in the same way as cows and cats do, and give their babies milk. A female dolphin has a baby every two to three years.
Dolphins are very friendly. Sadly, there are not many kinds of dolphins left. People killed them for many years for food and other things. Now it’s time to stop this and perhaps there will be more of them in the years to come.
1. If a dolphin weighs 240kg, how much of fish may it eat every day?| A．5kg. | B．16kg. | C．30kg. | D．35kg. |
| A．By taste. | B．By smell | C．By hearing. | D．By touch. |
| A．Save people out of water. | B．Talk to each other. |
| C．Give babies milk. | D．Lay eggs. |
| A．Dolphins are a kind of fish. | B．Dolphins eat fish and some other sea animals. |
| C．People may understand dolphins’ whistles some day. | D．Dolphins usually hunt in groups. |
| A．What dolphins eat | B．Where dolphins live |
| C．How dolphins are swimming | D．Something about dolphins |
5 . Some people have to use public transport, some dislike it and still some love it. If everyone has a car and drives anywhere they want to go, there will be serious traffic problems on the road. Luckily, trains are a good form of public transport.
British people use trains a lot. This is especially so for people who are travelling from London to Paris. Every day about 20 trains leave London. They travel at a very high speed and people feel glad that the trains take only 2 hours and 30 minutes to reach Paris. It’s much faster to travel by train than by bus or by car. This is because people have to drive cars or buses very carefully and slowly for many reasons, such as speed limits and traffic jams. However, when you are travelling by train, the speed is almost the same and there is no traffic jam for a train.
Besides, Londoners think taking a train is one of the safest ways of travelling on the ground. Trains take quite a number of quality tests while they are made. More importantly, they have to take many safety checks before they are used on the rail track.
What’s more, trains in Britain are comfortable and provide fine services for their users. When you are on a London train, you will find that the train has comfortable tables and seats where people can sit. They also provide food services and power plugs(插头) for personal computers or mobile phones.
1. The main idea of the passage is that ________.| A．British people enjoy public transport |
| B．it’s fast to travel from London to Paris |
| C．trains in Britain provide fine services for their users |
| D．trains are a good form of public transport for Londoners |
| A．drivers can drive fast | B．drivers can drive carelessly |
| C．cars are not moving fast | D．cars will stop working |
| A．speed | B．safety | C．services | D．problems |
| A．old and slow | B．large, clean and powerful |
| C．fine and important | D．fast, safe and comfortable |
| A．We can travel from London to Paris in less than 2 hours. |
| B．We can do our work with personal computers on the train. |
| C．We have to wait till we get off the train in order to have some food. |
| D．The trains are only checked for quality reasons before they are used. |
6 . Many people (人们) like to travel (旅行) by plane, but I don’t like it because an airport (飞机场) is usually far from the city. You have to get there early and wait for (等待) hours for the plane to take off (起飞) and it is often late. You can’t open the windows. You can’t choose (选择) the food. Planes are fast, but they still take hours to go out of the airport and into the city.
I like traveling by train. I think trains are safe. Railway stations are usually in cities. When you are late (晚的) for a train, you can catch another one. You can walk around in the train and open the windows. You can see many interesting things on your way. I know it takes a little more time.
I also like cars. You can start your journey (旅行) when you want to, and you don’t need to get to a railway station or a bus stop. Also you can carry many things with you in a car. But sometimes there are too many cars on the road.
1. Why do many people like to travel by plane?| A．Because it’s fast. | B．Because it’s safe. |
| C．Because it’s cheap. | D．Because you can walk around in the plane. |
| A．It is safe. | B．It takes a little more time. |
| C．You can open the windows. | D．You can walk around in the train. |
| A．A bus | B．A car. | C．A train. | D．A bike. |
| A．You needn’t go to a station. | B．You can start your journey when you want to. |
| C．There are too many cars on the road. | D．You needn’t go to a bus stop. |
| A．He thinks it takes a lot of time to go to and get out of the airport. |
| B．He likes to take a train because it takes a little more time. |
| C．He likes to take a car because he has a car. |
| D．He likes to take a plane because it’s fast. |
7 . From red apples and yellow lemons to blueberries and green melons, fruit comes in many different colors. Why do different kinds of fruits have so many colors?
According to Chinese Academy of Sciences, fruit colors actually come from their different pigments (色素), such as red or yellow carotenoid (类胡萝卜素) and blue or purple anthocyanin (花青素). These pigments appear in different amounts, depending on the fruit’s environment. This causes the fruit to turn a certain color.
To find out how the environment affects fruit colors, Chinese scientists studied more than 280 different fruit colors, including white, red, blue, purple and black.
They found that red fruit tends to grow in cooler places. And instead of just growing in one place, you can find them growing in many places around the world. Blue and purple fruit mostly grows in warm places. These fruit tends to grow a lot in just one special area. The scientists also found that the closer the fruit is to the equator (赤道) , the darker its color will be.
Animals have also had an impact on the evolution (进化) of fruit colors. Animals eat fruit and drop the seeds in other places later. This helps the fruit spread and grow in different places. Therefore, in order to attract animals, some fruits develop colors that are easy for animals to see.
However, animals see colors in a different way. Fruit needs to develop colors that are suited to animals’ visual abilities. For example, birds can see red more easily than humans can. Therefore, there tends to be more red fruit in areas where birds live. The lemurs (狐猴) of Madagascar are red-green color-blind. Many yellow fruits can be found in their habitats (栖息地), as they can easily see this color.
1. You are more likely to find blue and purple fruit in ________ places.| A．cooler | B．warmer | C．higher | D．lower |
| A．scare animals away | B．absorb more sunlight |
| C．attract animals to eat them | D．protect themselves |
| A．Dark fruit tends to grow close to the equator. | B．Green fruit tends to grow in cool places. |
| C．Humans can see red more easily than bird. | D．Lemurs are color-blind and can’t see any colors. |
a. the environment b. the pigment c. animals d. scientists
| A．ad | B．bc | C．ac | D．bd |
8 . Computers can injure you. Most other injuries happen suddenly. For example, if you fall off a bike and break your arms, it happens very quickly. But computer injuries happen slowly.
You probably know how to ride a bike safely. Now learn to use a computer safely.
Your eyes
Too much light can injure your eyes, so never sit too close to a computer screen. Your eyes should be at least 50 centimeters from the screen. Remember to look away from it sometimes. This gives your eyes a rest.
When you use computer, the window should be on your left or your right. If it is behind you, the light will reflect on (反射) the screen. If the window is in front of you, the sun and the screen will both shine into your eyes.
Your hands and wrists (手腕)
Hand and wrist injuries can happen because the hands and wrists are moved in the same way hundreds of times. If you use a keyboard for a long time, follow these three rules:
1. Rest your wrists on something.
2.Keep your elbows at the same height as the keyboard.
3. Stop sometimes and exercise your hands, wrists and fingers in a different way.
Your back
Some people sit for many hours in front of a computer. If you sit in the wrong way, you can injure your back or your neck. So you should sit with your back straight. The top part of the screen should all be in front of your eyes. Your forearms wrists, hands and the upper part of your legs should all be parallel (平行) to the floor. If you are sitting for a long time, get up every 30 minutes and exercise your arms, legs and necks.
Enjoy your computer, but use it safely.
1. A computer screen may injure your eyes if _______| A．you sit 60 centimeters away | B．you remember to look away |
| C．your eyes are too close to it | D．the window is on your left or your right |
| A．get plenty of exercise | B．move in the same way again and again |
| C．rest your wrists on something | D．keep your elbows as high as the keyboard |
| A．you work near a window | B．you often take a rest from working |
| C．you use a keyboard for a long time | D．the window is behind you |
| A．in the right way | B．for many hours |
| C．with the screen below your eyes | D．with your back leaning forward |
| A．How to protect your eyes. | B．How to protect your hands and wrists. |
| C．How to use a computer safely. | D．How to protect your back. |
9 . If you go to a fast food restaurant, you will probably see a lot of teenagers. Today, many teenagers are overweight, and some of this is because of their bad eating habits. Most teenagers love food with a lot of fat, oil, salt, and sugar. People often call this kind of food “junk food”.
But bad eating habits go beyond fast food. We find many teenagers have bad eating habits. Some don’t have breakfast before they go to school. During the day, some don’t have a proper meal for lunch. In a recent survey at one school, scientists found that over two-thirds of the students didn’t follow a healthy diet. They didn’t like vegetables, and many of them didn’t like to eat fruits. They preferred to eat food with a lot of salt, sugar, or fat.
Parents today also worry about their children’s diet. Some doctors give the following advice:
★ Teenagers shouldn’t eat too much junk food.
★ Teenagers shouldn’t eat food with too much salt. Salt can cause high blood pressure in the future.
★ Teenagers should eat food with less fat, oil, and sugar.
★ Teenagers need to eat some fruits and vegetables every day. Fruits and vegetables are rich in vitamins and have little fat.
★ Teenagers need to drink more milk. Milk will help their bones grow.
★ Teenagers need to eat breakfast every day. This is good for their body and mind.
1. “Junk food” contains a lot of ________.
| A．milk and sugar | B．fruits and sugar |
| C．vegetables and salt | D．fat, oil, salt and sugar |
| A．超出 | B．不如 | C．相等 | D．在后面 |
| A．Today all teenagers are overweight. |
| B．Scientists found two thirds of the students didn’t have a healthy diet. |
| C．Parents are worried about their children’s diet today. |
| D．Milk, fruit and vegetables are not good for children. |
| A．eat junk food |
| B．eat food with too much salt |
| C．drink milk and eat junk food often |
| D．eat vegetables |
| A．how to keep a healthy diet |
| B．to eat fruit and vegetables |
| C．how to have right food for lunch |
| D．not to eat too much junk food |
10 . Most people want to be happy, but few know how to find happiness, Money and success alone do not bring lasting happiness. Aristotle, a Greek thinker, said, “Happiness depends on ourselves.” In other words, we make our own happiness. Here are a few suggestions to help you be happier.
The first secret of happiness is to enjoy the simple things in life. Too often, we spend so much time thinking about the future that we fail to enjoy the present. For example, getting into college or getting a good job. You should enjoy life’s simple pleasures, such as reading a good book, listening to your favorite music, or spending time with close friends. People who have several close friends often live happier and healthier lives.
Another secret to living a happy life is to be active, and have hobbies where you forget your problems and time. Many people experience this, such as swimming, dancing, or playing a sport. You can forget about your problems, and only think about the activity, such as swimming, dancing, or playing a sport.
Finally, many people find happiness in helping others. Studies show that people feel good when they spend their time helping others. If you want to feel happier, do good things for someone. You can help a friend with his or her studies, go shopping to buy food for an elderly person, or simply help out around the house by washing the dishes.
1. The best title of the passage is ________.| A．Money Makes You Happy | B．The Secrets of Happiness |
| C．Ideas for Helping Other People to Be Happy | D．Good Friends Make You Happy |
| A．the more friends you have, the happier you will be |
| B．we shouldn’t think about our future |
| C．happiness is to enjoy the simple things in life |
| D．some people fail to live a happy life |
| A．one | B．two | C．three | D．four |
| A．everyone knows how to live a happier life |
| B．it’s wrong to spend time on work |
| C．hobbies take up too much time |
| D．doing good things for someone can make you happier |
| A．Reading a good book. | B．Traveling to a foreign country. |
| C．Playing a sport. | D．Spending time with close friends. |
