![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ce2581ae160692cd7e2686226fe5e2c6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d0dca1955e5e2618d2f0e6f0b979ca88.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/cffa35373ec4e4684107b42adb7a5161.png)
(2)为了精确测量该电阻的阻值,该同学从实验室选取的器材有:
A.电流表
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/024e2379c58191758f8bd7602a6bcb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f5848e17189013bd77558ad4e4a16d52.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e29cb2e8f442154e0b744a0800f335d5.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3b49bd50cc6fc1307c907c8e5bc953de.png)
B.电流表
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b34a75c2a392f235c5f07b91d9fb58d5.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/704e5434368a7dac3ba11db65283b744.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/604a2d00ee36caf50d3ec3da86fd05cb.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8d44d033bbc7752424cc86ae17a748e4.png)
C.电压表
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/478abdd84506a8ef759e353a238db6c9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/de0c81d3bdfe9dd9fe420c382e8b91c7.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/fdfa8ce3dea65373e5d3de8eaab0ac93.png)
D.定值电阻
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f5243733622aa20948ea775c7fad2309.png)
E.定值电阻
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d8c29e383120c631513a0eb184fca07f.png)
F.滑动变阻器
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4aa0df7f1e45f9de29e802c7f19a4f64.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2d9750068f96a83d610fdac04ea73980.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6699c896d7394a071917fe3922f3864f.png)
G.电源(
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/93457ab5e15316666b87723f8acb49db.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d941822843eff28c70023ea38051c307.png)
H.开关和导线若干
(3)测量时,为使电流表读数大于
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4dac452fbb5ef6dd653e7fbbef639484.png)
(4)为了减小系统误差,请根据所选实验仪器在图乙方框中设计出合理的实验电路,并标记电学元件符号
(5)若实验小组用刻度尺测出水样两电极相距
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0c88d9142df6ba8e43c1a93bd04a1362.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8455657dde27aabe6adb7b188e031c11.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b52b4f24969673c863b5aff4fb6751ce.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e105760638b22b26ff8bec4354255e4c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/be9b4a83b9aebebf29de0c4406ebf894.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/46ad1a9cd19361d1f7a2340d76d50c80.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4c688d3183cdee79c0ce7d84a23a38c4.png)
(1)用游标卡尺在铜导线不同部位测量其直径并取平均值为D,测量时铜导线应该卡在图甲所示的游标卡尺的
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/21f3bf70722b22983c120d008d097602.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/46ad1a9cd19361d1f7a2340d76d50c80.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4c688d3183cdee79c0ce7d84a23a38c4.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9fd5f9ecb870fedb5b9a608d9ca2f911.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f833a7beb83820ecede0234c671f1878.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/932789c00e7c56bf1916f02e11d67356.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/67c1313842b62428737610b14806d883.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/171102a883b22fe6ca578efc8926f5b8.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/171102a883b22fe6ca578efc8926f5b8.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/fd1846e964fd60c54888a3c706a97442.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/67c1313842b62428737610b14806d883.png)
A.电源(电动势
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5c70a1dbeebcd2e55059333fa96ccc2f.png)
C.电流表A1(量程0~0.6A,内阻约0.2Ω) D.电流表A2(量程0~3A,内阻约0.05Ω)
E.滑动变阻器
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/be9b4a83b9aebebf29de0c4406ebf894.png)
(1)用游标卡尺测得该材料的长度如图甲所示,读数为L=
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/10/9/ebd5a3a2-b7c0-4a07-b4ae-f0f957fe4adf.png?resizew=620)
(2)测量金属线的电阻时,为了便于调节及测量尽可能准确,实验中电流表应选
(3)设测得金属线的电阻为R,金属线的长度为L,金属线的直径为D,可得金属线的电阻率为ρ=
(1)将采集的水样装满绝缘的圆柱形塑料容器,两端用金属圆片电极密封,用螺旋测微器测量该容器的直径,如图甲所示,则容器直径的测量值 d=
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/9/27/7eaf9214-2f17-4f26-a953-003c453db317.png?resizew=155)
(2)为更精确地测量所取水样的电阻,该小组从实验室中找到如下实验器材:
A.电流表(量程3mA,电阻约为 5Ω)
B. 电压表(量程6V,电阻约为 10kΩ)
C.滑动变阻器(0~20Ω,额定电流 1A)
D. 电源(6V,内阻约为 1Ω)
E、开关一只、导线若干
请用笔画线代替导线,把图乙中测量纯净水样品电阻的电路补充完整
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/9/27/315b6d48-735c-4a33-a3fe-940ba4f9aa0c.png?resizew=265)
(3)正确连接电路后,闭合开关,调节滑动变阻器,记录电压表示数 U和电流表示数I如下表:
请根据表中的数据,在图丙的方格纸上作出纯净水样品的U-I图线
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/9/27/abe4ebcb-29ef-490e-a7e6-d4fc992bce63.png?resizew=231)
UN | 1.1 | 1.8 | 2.8 | 2.9 | 3.7 | 4.7 |
I/mA | 0.50 | 0.82 | 1.05 | 1.38 | 1.73 | 2.20 |
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/37d65e051e943ab28fa57aee2fb57994.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/37d65e051e943ab28fa57aee2fb57994.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/9/22/d1f08c63-45cd-4ca3-acfa-f7590ffbf088.png?resizew=285)
(1)为了研究导体电阻与横截面积的关系,应选择
(2)若要测量BC段金属丝的电阻,试在图甲中以笔画代替导线完成电路图连接。
(3)为了测量镍铬合金的电阻率,用螺旋测微器测量BC段金属丝的直径D,如图乙所示,调节过程中,螺旋测微器上三个部件A、B、C使用的先后顺序应该为
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9a6d85799453899836bc34ad276ec80e.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/9/22/a339f422-ee86-4c76-888d-853158405f6e.png?resizew=629)
(4)图丙为实验所用的电流表和电压表的表盘,电压表选用0-3V量程,电流表选用0-0.6A量程。将电压表一端接在B点,另一端接在BC段金属丝的P点(图中未画出),测出电压U和PB之间的距离d、改变P点位置多次测量,获得一系列U、d数据并画出
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f6a3d4361f9e6d47b6d44487278f1c98.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c41f0c83dd726b5373dee0e8e1ab4aeb.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/92e2554579f1bed7f3f42b873da9b43a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/644a7a82d8e238066fc4590deb7ebda1.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4d630a705f099d5c3a6d1f5bc706a801.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0047f659c182291c84c224df6b5e993f.png)
A.电池组(3V,内阻约1
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0047f659c182291c84c224df6b5e993f.png)
B.电流表A1(0~3A,内阻0.0125
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0047f659c182291c84c224df6b5e993f.png)
C.电流表A2(0~0.6A,内阻约0.125
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0047f659c182291c84c224df6b5e993f.png)
D.电压表V1(0~3V,内阻4k
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0047f659c182291c84c224df6b5e993f.png)
E.电压表V2(0~15V,内阻15k
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0047f659c182291c84c224df6b5e993f.png)
F.滑动变阻器R1(0~20
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0047f659c182291c84c224df6b5e993f.png)
G.开关、导线若干
(1)上述器材中,电流表应选
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/9/10/bce63b21-2675-4570-b088-6c1ff0215dbc.png?resizew=379)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/9/10/49bc8f3c-1f8c-4f6d-8535-afdb55779d28.png?resizew=153)
(2)若用螺旋测微器测得金属丝的直径d的读数如图,则读为
(3)若用L表示金属丝的长度,d表示直径,测得电阻为R,请写出计算金属丝电阻率的表达式
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/171102a883b22fe6ca578efc8926f5b8.png)
(1)用毫米刻度尺测量接入电路中的金属丝的有效长度L,再用螺旋测微器测量金属丝的直径D。某次测量结果如图1所示,则这次测量的读数
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9a6d85799453899836bc34ad276ec80e.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/8/13/701f8c94-1e50-4726-bd2f-19af27b56049.png?resizew=138)
(2)用多用电表测得金属丝的阻值为3Ω,现在使用电流表和电压表准确测量金属丝的阻值。为了安全、准确、方便地完成实验,除电源(电动势为4V,内阻很小)、待测电阻丝、导线、开关外,电流表应选用
A.电压表V2(量程3V,内阻约3kΩ)
B.电压表V1(量程15V,内阻约15kΩ)
C.电流表A1(量程600mA,内阻约1Ω)
D.电流表A2(量程3A,内阻约0.02Ω)
E.滑动变阻器R1(总阻值10Ω,额定电流2A)
F.滑动变阻器R2(总阻值100Ω,额定电流2A)
(3)若采用图2所示的电路测量金属丝的电阻,电压表的左端应与电路中的
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/8/13/baaeaa25-1155-41e1-8fdb-6da627d0a478.png?resizew=189)
(4)若采用图3的电路测量电阻率,图中的电流表内阻跟R0接近。闭合开关S,多次移动滑片P的位置改变电路中接入金属丝的有效长度,分别记录每次电流表的示数I和接入电路中金属丝的有效长度L。根据实验中所测的数据,作出的下列图像合理的是
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/8/13/d7a46cf1-eed8-472e-b232-f3e325c1011c.png?resizew=207)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/8/13/49874b31-b77b-47bc-8084-0682f43cea7b.png?resizew=582)
8 . 现有一段合金制成的金属丝。为测量该合金的电阻率,某同学先用伏安法测定金属丝的阻值Rx(约为10Ω),除了Rx、开关S、导线外,还有下列器材供选用:
A.电压表V1(量程0~3V,内阻约10kΩ)
B.电压表V2(量程0~15V,内阻约100kΩ)
C.电流表A1(量程0~1mA,内阻约10Ω)
D.电流表A2(量程0~0.6A,内阻约0.5Ω)
E.电源(电压3.0V,额定电流0.5A,内阻不计)
F.滑动变阻器R0(阻值范围0~5Ω,额定电流2A)
(1)为使测量尽量准确,电压表选用
(2)测量Rx阻值的实验电路图应该选择
A. B.
C.
D.
(3)该同学选择器材、连接电路和操作均正确,从实验原理上看,待测电阻测量值
(4)若流经金属丝的电流为I,金属丝两端的电压为U,金属丝的直径和长度分别用D、L表示,则用D、L、I、U表示该合金电阻率的关系式为
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/7/21/c94da778-3631-4680-95dd-3f2089a263e0.png?resizew=479)
(1)小李用游标卡尺测量2B铅笔芯的直径,如图甲所示,其读数d=
(2)小李采用了如图所示的电流表外接法进行实验,想增加电压和电流的调节范围,多测几组数据,请在相应位置添加或删除导线,将电路连接完整
(3)连接好电路后小李根据测得的数据画出U-I图线,然后又将电流表改为内接,在同一个坐标系画出了另一条不一样的U-I图线,在图中将两条U-I图线画出
(4)通过图像分析可知,采用电流表
(5)根据以上测量,可以计算出铅笔芯的电阻率为
待测螺线管
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0c88d9142df6ba8e43c1a93bd04a1362.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4aa0df7f1e45f9de29e802c7f19a4f64.png)
电流表A1;量程为1A,内阻
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/69858512fa1cabfb3dc7f96c2a70daa2.png)
电流表A2:量程为500μA,内阻
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/021888dfdf504a23b64dd2ceec934d09.png)
电压表V1:量程为10V,内阻为10kΩ;
电压表V2:量程为3V,内阻约为1kΩ;
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/6/24/b81d56ea-59ed-4bd4-a596-8be5ea52ffa9.png?resizew=150)
定值电阻
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/fb139c9074a61bb3a609c512b3683391.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5a2c4640b2bee411935f588fc5433c74.png)
(1)实验中用螺旋测微器测得金属丝的直径如图所示,其示数D=
(2)为了尽可能准确地测量
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ce2581ae160692cd7e2686226fe5e2c6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4dac452fbb5ef6dd653e7fbbef639484.png)
(3)图是根据选用的实验器材连成的部分实物图,请在答题卷上将该实物图的连线补充完整
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/6/24/2ae9186a-1068-452d-9dbf-b0db2a3ad061.png?resizew=206)
(4)若实验中电压表和电流表的示数分别为U、I,则金属丝的长度L=