1 . A video circulated on social media earlier this year, showing a tourist opening the door of a vehicle, reaching out an arm and attempting to stroke a passing lion. The lion shrugged the tourist off, but it could have easily gone horribly wrong.
Reckless behaviour around wildlife risks the safety of both people and animals. People risk being attacked, mauled (撕咬) and possibly killed, while animals can be harmed, removed or even put down, regardless of whether they were only defending themselves. Animal attacks can also cast a destination in a negative light, causing temporary closures or scaring off visitors. All just so someone could boast that they had stroked a lion or captured a moment on a camera phone.
“Tourists are getting more and more reckless around wildlife and the source of the problem is social media.” says wildlife photographer Anette Mosshachers. “People risking their lives or doing stupid things with wildlife are after ‘likes’ and followers, something to show off on social media,” says Mossbacher. “The greater the risk, the more ‘likes’ they get. With some clients, it seems like a sickness or addiction.”
Yet social media is not entirely to blame. People have always taken risks for an experience. Foolish behavior and a tendency to get cocky around dangerous animals must have been around since the dawn of humanity. A hunger for attention online might drive some of the current madness, but some individuals might be trying to recreate a piece of the action they have seen on television. Perhaps the adrenaline (肾上腺激素) rush when close to wild animals causes a disappearance of common sense.
“There’s a worrying lack of awareness that animals several times our size, weight, speed and strength can easily hurt us,” says wildlife photographer David Lloyd. “I don’t think parks are doing enough to raise awareness. Tourists need to know how their presence can affect wildlife. A good example is cheetahs (猎豹) on vehicle rooftops. It may be a thrill for the bystanders, but the consequences if a mother cheetah falls off would be severe. She would no longer be able to hunt, so her cubs could easily starve.”
“People aren’t getting the education about why they need to stay away from wildlife, including avoiding diseases, keeping people secure and letting wildlife be wild,” says Philip Muruthi, vice president of species conservation and science for the African Wildlife Foundation. “We need to educate tourists through signs, pamphlets and frontline drivers. We should stick to guidelines, and there needs to be enforcement through the law.”
1. What can we learn about reckless behaviour around wildlife?A.It may get animals killed for defending themselves. |
B.It may bring more profits to a tourist destination. |
C.It enables tourists to get intimate with animals. |
D.It harms tourists more than animals. |
A.sympathetic | B.disapproving | C.indifferent | D.doubtful |
A.over-sensitive. | B.over-confident | C.over-frightened. | D.over-shocked. |
A.Punishment rather than education can stop people taking silly risks around wildlife. |
B.Parks are expected to take more responsibilities for educating tourists. |
C.More regulation of the tourist industry is the key to raising tourists’ awareness. |
D.Raising tourists’ awareness means stressing the danger of animals to them. |
2 . Small batteries are big problems, but nobody really pays attention to where they end up. Researchers at the Cellulose & Wood Materials Laboratory are working to address this problem. Their new research paper describes a water-activated paper battery developed from environmentally friendly materials that could eventually present a sustainable alternative to the more harmful batteries common in low-power devices.
The paper battery has the same key components as standard batteries but packages them differently. Like a typical chemical battery, it has a positively charged side called a cathode, a negatively charged side called an anode, and a conductive material called an electrolyte (电解质) between the two. A traditional battery’s components are enclosed in plastic and metal; in the new battery, the anode and cathode are inks printed onto the front and back of a piece of paper. That paper is filled with salt, which dissolves (溶解) when the paper is dampened with water. The resulting saltwater solution acts as the electrolyte.
Sustainable materials were a precondition for the researchers, who considered only safe and plentiful ingredients to create their device. “We were fairly confident that we would have something that would work in the end, but developing these materials and ink systems is challenging,” says Gustav Nyström, senior author of the study.
After trying hundreds of formulations for the battery components, the researchers settled on a graphite ink to make the cathode, a zinc ink for the anode, and salt-filled paper to create the electrolyte.
When the paper is dry, the battery is shelf-stable. Add just a couple of drops of water, however, and the salt dissolves, allowing electrons to flow. Once the paper is dampened, the battery activates within 20 seconds. The new battery’s operating performance declines as the paper dries. When the scientists re-wet the paper during testing, the battery regained functionality and lasted an hour before beginning to dry out again.
Although the researchers demonstrated that their battery could power an alarm clock, the paper batteries are unlikely to replace standard ones on store shelves. Nyström envisions a future where these paper batteries could make their way into products within the next two to five years. “The performance that you see on this device, I think, is enough for a lot of other applications already,” he says. It is mostly a matter of increasing production and integrating the batteries into systems such as diagnostic tests and environmental sensors.”
1. How is the paper battery similar to the standard battery?A.The key components are environmentally friendly. |
B.They are both packaged in plastic and metal. |
C.They both have two charged sides and an electrolyte. |
D.Both batteries can operate for only an hour. |
A.Heating the salt | B.Charging the electrons |
C.Drying out the battery | D.Wetting the paper |
A.major technological breakthrough will be made in the near future |
B.all home appliances will be powered by paper batteries |
C.the future for a wide application of paper batteries is not far off |
D.paper batteries will have longer shelf life than traditional ones |
3 . A school bus driver returned to college to become a high school history teacher, thanks to some
Clayton Ward is a history lover, and as such,
“After several of these discussions, some of the students would tell me they wanted me to be their
Ward enrolled (注册) at a community college in May 2019, and
“It wasn’t always
“You wouldn’t think that kids can do something like that, to give me the
A.energetic | B.supportive | C.considerate | D.generous |
A.enjoyed | B.found | C.saved | D.missed |
A.joined | B.watched | C.bussed | D.trained |
A.driver | B.adviser | C.friend | D.teacher |
A.aimed at | B.stuck with | C.occurred to | D.called on |
A.Initially | B.Consequently | C.Apparently | D.Ultimately |
A.success | B.communication | C.responsibility | D.education |
A.hesitated | B.offered | C.managed | D.happened |
A.suitable | B.hopeful | C.lucky | D.easy |
A.right | B.drive | C.chance | D.freedom |
4 . Lucia was a bright-eyed girl of 12, born in a tiny village which is far less crowded than big cities. The village, even though filled with love, had no room for the world of arts. Lucia, however, possessed a passion for acting. While children played in fields, Lucia practiced lines from old plays she found in the attic. She visualized herself on grand stages, under bright lights. But for a girl from a distant village, this dream seemed more like a fantasy.
When Lucia heard about a national acting competition in the city, her heart raced with excitement. But she faced two big challenges: convincing her closed-minded parents and preparing for a competition with city-bred competitors.
Her parents, although loving, believed that the city was no place for their daughter. Lucia’s pleas seemed to fall on deaf ears until she decided to perform a touching scene for them. Tears flowed, not just from Lucia’s eyes but from her parents’ too. Witnessing her raw talent, they gave her their blessing.
Training was no easy feat. With no acting schools or instructors, Lucia had to be able to solve all the problems by herself. She practiced day and night, watching old films, and seeking feedback from village elders. Her dedication made a difference; she was molding herself into an acting wonder.
The day of the competition arrived. The city’s hall was filled with well-dressed participants and audiences. Lucia, in her modest clothes, felt like a fish out of water. Yet, when her turn came, the stage was her world. She performed so beautifully that she made the audience completely amazed. She showed the emotions so vividly; it touched souls.
When the results were announced, the underdog from a tiny village had finally won. The city, which seemed so vast, echoed with applause for Lucia.
She returned to her village not just as Lucia but as a symbol of hope and dreams. Her journey, from a quiet village girl to a national acting champion, was not just a proof of her talent but a shining example of passion and determination.
1. Why did Lucia’s parents disapprove of her going to the city at the beginning?A.Because they thought acting was not a tiring career for her. |
B.Because they thought it was costly and they could afford it. |
C.Because they thought Lucia’s too young to go there by herself. |
D.Because they thought the city was so big that it was beyond their reach. |
A.By playing a part of a play. |
B.By asking them repeatedly. |
C.By seeking help from the elders. |
D.By molding herself into a wonder. |
A.Upset yet passionate. |
B.Relaxed and uncaring. |
C.Nervous and uneasy. |
D.Determined yet overconfident. |
A.Cities are wonders. |
B.Talent always finds a way. |
C.Always listen to your parents. |
D.Determination is the key to success. |
5 . The Evolution of Multimedia Technologies
In the late 20th century, a revolution began with the development of various communication tools, producing what we now know as multimedia. This mixture of text, audio, graphics, and video into one medium has transformed the way information is transferred and received, greatly changing several industries.
In the field of education, multimedia platforms have become a must in classrooms. Traditional classrooms, with chalk and blackboard, have transformed into dynamic spaces with interactive whiteboards. Students, no longer passive listeners, are now actively interacting with the content, making a deeper understanding of subjects. Multimedia has allowed for the creation of e-learning platforms, ensuring that no student is left behind, even in remote parts of the world.
The entertainment industry too has seen a big change. Gone are the days when families would gather around a single television set. Due to the popularity of multimedia devices, people have a large amount of content to choose from. Streaming platforms have challenged traditional media systems, providing viewers with a personalized viewing experience.
Moreover, multimedia has proved to be a boon for the business world. Companies employ multimedia presentations to show ideas, products, and visions, ensuring that their message stands out. Virtual tours, 3D product modeling, and interactive customer service have made user experience better, leading to increased brand loyalty (品牌忠诚度).
The field of healthcare has also been significantly impacted. With multimedia, doctors can now visualize complex medical procedures and share them with patients, making sure a better understanding from the patients. Medical students benefit from 3D models, making learning more interactive and precise.
However, multimedia can sometimes result in information overload, causing cognitive tiredness. Additionally, the cost of setting up multimedia systems can be high, leading to a digital divide where only the rich people can afford the latest technology.
Another concern is the invasion of privacy. With smartphones turning into multimedia platforms, every click, swipe, and download can be tracked, leading to questions about data security. The wide use of multimedia, while beneficial, requires a stronger framework for data protection and user rights.
In conclusion, the rise of multimedia technologies is a testament to human creativity. While it offers many opportunities, it’s essential to address the related challenges to ensure a harmonious digital future, respecting the rights and limits of its users.
1. How does the author strengthen his arguments about multimedia’ effects on different sectors?A.By telling stories. |
B.By presenting data. |
C.By raising examples. |
D.By quoting from experts. |
A.Multimedia has so many drawbacks we need to keep away from it for now. |
B.Multimedia has many benefits, however, it’s important to consider the challenges. |
C.Multimedia benefits classroom teaching, but it also distracts students from the subjects. |
D.Multimedia focuses mainly on combining audio and video and needs further development. |
A.Multimedia: Yes or No? |
B.The Wonders of Virtual Reality |
C.The History of Communication Tools |
D.The Digital Divide: A Growing Concern |
6 . How Do Smartphones Affect Our Sleep
Smart phones can be addictive and may lead to problematic use. This is even more true for teenagers. Smartphone addiction can also negatively affect students’ performance in school. Many studies have also shown the prolonged screen time is bad for our sleep. But is it different if you are actually addicted to your phone? Is that more of a problem for sleep than just spending time on your screen?We asked 1043 UK students aged between 18 to 30 to complete two questionnaires. The first one was about the students’ smartphone use, which includes questions like whether they miss planned work due to smartphone use to see whether they are addicted. The second questionnaire assessed the quality of students’ sleep. We then analyzed the data to find if there is an association between smartphone addiction and some factors like age, ethnicity, or gender.
Around 39% of the students showed several signs of smartphone addiction. It was more prevalent among students under 21. Prolonged use was strongly linked to addiction. About 54% of the students who used their smartphones for more than 5 hours a day suffered from addiction. Only 20% of those who used them for under 2 hours a day were addicted.
Smartphone use before bed is also an important factor. The addiction levels were high among students who used their phones less than 30 minutes before bedtime and low among those who stopped using their phones more than one hour before time.
According to our study, smartphone addiction is also related to using it in late hours. For example, if you use your phone after 1 am, you are three times as likely to have an addiction. So the amount of time spent on your phone is not enough to suggest addiction. But combining that with the latest time you use your phone can be a good indicator.
Our study also shows that smartphone addiction could be harming people’s sleep. And this is not just because of screen time. People could suffer from addiction and poor sleep even when they used their phones for under 2 hours a day. But use in the late hours or right before bedtime tended to harm the students’ sleep.
If you have a smartphone, it could have a bad impact on your health. Students need to take special actions to prevent it from damaging their health before it’s too late.
1. What does the word “prevalent” probably mean?
A.accepted | B.common | C.controlled | D.understood |
A.Age of smartphone users. | B.How long smartphones are used per day. |
C.Latest time on phone. | D.Time and duration of using smartphones. |
A.Using smartphones right before bedtime harms sleep quality. |
B.54% of the participants use their phones more than 5 hours a day. |
C.39% of the participants aged under 21 are addicted to smartphones. |
D.Using smartphones less than 2 hours a day keeps you away from addiction. |
A.Stop playing games on the phone. |
B.Watch relaxing videos before bed. |
C.Stop using phones 30 minutes before sleep. |
D.Take a break every 2 hours on his phone. |
7 . Chasing Dreams
When I was a little girl, I had always dreamt of becoming a famous pianist. The melodies that flowed
But passion, as they say, finds its way. One day, while passing by a charity shop, I found an old keyboard on sale. It was nowhere close to a real piano, but it was a
Every day after school, I would practice for hours, trying to perfect each note and each melody. My fingers would often
As years passed, I started participating in local competitions. Not all were victories, but each one was a learning
One day, a letter arrived. It was an invitation to an interview for the National Symphony Orchestra (国家交响乐团), a chance to
The day of the audition finally came. As I walked onto the stage, the weight of my journey
A week later, I received the news: I was selected. My dream, once distant and unreachable, had
Now, as I play on grand stages, I often look back. Not in regret, but in gratitude. Gratitude for every challenge, every setback, for they shaped my
A.between | B.over | C.through | D.beneath |
A.sounded | B.seemed | C.felt | D.echoed |
A.mistake | B.start | C.fake | D.end |
A.hurt | B.break | C.dance | D.shake |
A.on | B.in | C.during | D.under |
A.opportunity | B.misery | C.story | D.experience |
A.compete | B.argue | C.discuss | D.socialize |
A.danced | B.swayed | C.rested | D.disappeared |
A.born | B.become | C.given | D.lost |
A.fears | B.successes | C.path | D.mistakes |
8 . User Guide of Tsinghua University Libraries
Welcome to the best place of Tsinghua Yuan — Tsinghua University Library. Here we have magnificent buildings, abundant resources, convenient facilities, professional staff, considerate services, free atmosphere, etc. We are ready to provide warm welcomes, great supports, and best services for you.
Activate Borrowing Services
As a new user, you need to activate borrowing services by clicking on our homepage. The system adopts INFO system for identification. For freshmen, activating identity on the Electric ID Service System is required before first login. Post-doctors graduating from other universities shall submit a copy of their doctoral dissertation (博士毕业论文) together with their IC Card when making an application at the library card center to open your library privileges.
Borrowing Privileges
Upon presenting a valid university IC Card, you can access and borrow books according to the privileges listed below.
Loan Quotas (借阅限额) | ||
Borrowers | Loan Quotas | Hold Quotas |
Teachers and Students | 100 copies | 20 copies |
International Non-degree Students | 5 copies | 3 copies |
Online Reservation
You can reserve books that have been checked out to other users. You will be informed by E-mail or WeChat once the requested book is available. The requested books will be kept at loan desk only for 3 days.
Renewals
You may renew books online and the new return date is 8 weeks after the renewal day. You may renew books for many times, however, the longest period for general books is 32 weeks (224 days).
Fees for Late Return
Readers who fail to return the books by the due date will be charged ¥ 0.20 per day per book.
1. What do we know about activating borrowing services at the libraries?A.The services are automatically activated for students. |
B.Post-doctors all need to submit a copy of their dissertation. |
C.Freshmen activate the services online before their first login. |
D.Post-doctors are required to use the Electric ID Service System. |
A.Wait that guy to return the book to the libraries. |
B.Ask a librarian for the information of the borrower. |
C.Make an online reservation for the book you need. |
D.Borrow it via the system anyway and wait in the queue. |
A.You may borrow altogether 120 books at one time. |
B.Your requested book will be mailed to you once ready. |
C.You may renew your books as many times as you wish. |
D.You will be fined if you have books past due at your hand. |
9 . Have you ever wondered what happens to all of the old object s launched into space, such as rockets and satellites? It’s called space junk, and much of it is still out there now. According to NASA, the definition of space junk is “any man-made object in orbit (轨道) around Earth that no longer serves a useful function”.
One large piece of space junk, an abandoned rocket, hit the dark side of the moon on March 4. The rocket’s origin is not clear, but scientists know that it was massive—weighing about 3 tons. It must have left a large crater (坑), estimated 10 to 20 meters wide, on the moon’s surface. It won’t be visible right away, but scientists are trying to locate it. “We will find the crater, eventually,” Mark Robinson, lead investigator for NASA Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera, told USA TODAY. “Depending on its location, it could take as long as 28 days.”
What’s significant about this space junk crash is that it draws attention to some of the potential dangers of space junk. First, the accumulation of space junk in Earth’s orbit means that satellites and the International Space Station (ISS) are at risk. In 2016, tiny space debris (残骸),smaller than a millimeter, caused a tiny chip in the ISS’ window. Imagine the damage that a larger piece of debris could cause. The European Space Agency website states that objects “up to 1 cm in size could disable an instrument or a critical flight system on a satellite” while objects over 10 cm “could shatter a satellite or spacecraft into pieces”. If this sounds terrifying, that’s because it is. Any collision (碰撞) with larger pieces of debris could be especially dangerous for manned spacecraft.
In addition to potential damage to spacecraft and satellites, space junk also poses a threat to the Earth itself Crashes can send debris into the atmosphere where it can remain for many decades. Some powerful collisions can even send large debris hurtling (猛冲) toward Earth’s surface where it can affect the local environment. Leftover rocket debris can contain toxic materials that are harmful to plant and animal life. Some people in Siberia have even reported serious health problems after rocket debris landed in their regions in 2012, a local doctor told the BBC.
1. Which of the following can be regarded as space junk?A.A disused space station. | B.A spacecraft orbiting the moon. |
C.A crater on the moon’s surface. | D.A satellite working in low Earth orbit. |
A.Locating the crater. | B.Tracking the rocket. |
C.Cleaning up the space junk. | D.Finding out the rocket’s origin. |
A.It’s likely to cause a global environmental crisis. |
B.It’s impossible to stop it from entering the atmosphere. |
C.It can cause a lasting threat if it remains in the atmosphere. |
D.The toxic materials contained in space junk are the biggest risk. |
10 . 2023 Illustration(插画) Competition
Welcome to enter for the Communication Arts Illustration Competition, most respected and admired in the industry for creativity in illustration. Each winner will receive a professionalized Award of Excellence, a trophy (奖杯) and a certificate. This award is one of the most desired awards. If chosen, winning will place you in the highest position of your industry.
What To Enter WithAny illustration first published or produced from Jan. 2023 to Jan. 2024 is qualified. Entries may originate from any country. Descriptions in English are necessary for the judges to read.
Entries Can Be Submitted (提交) In The Following FormatsDigital Images: RGB images in JPG format with a maximum file size of 2 MB. GIF images may be livelier, but would be turned down, and so would the PNG ones.
Dlustration Competition Categories & Entry FeesCategory | Single illustration | Series of illustration |
Books (covers, jackets, etc.) | $40 | $80 (limit of 5) |
Motions (media for films, videos, etc) | $90 | $180 (limit of 3) |
Student Work | $20 (Image) $45 (Video) | $40 (limit of 5) $90 (limit of 3) |
Late Fees
Entries must be registered no later than Jan. 13,2024. Entries registered after that date will be charged a fee of $ 10 each. No entries can be registered after Jan. 27, 2024.
1. What will the winner get?A.A tailor-made award certificate. | B.A chance for overseas study. |
C.Widely accepted in the industry. | D.Prize money from Communication Arts. |
A.An image with 1MB JPG format. | B.A motion published within 2 years. |
C.A series for jackets of 10 illustrations. | D.A student work without English introduction. |
A.$ 80. | B.$ 120. | C.$ 110. | D.$ 90. |