1 . People from East Asia tend to have more difficulty than those from Europe in distinguishing facial expressions — and a new report published online in Current Biology explains why.

Rachael Jack, University of Glasgow researcher, said that rather than scanning evenly (均匀的) across a face as Westerners do, Easterners fix their attention on the eyes.

“We show that Easterners and Westerners look at different face features to read facial expressions,” Jack said. “Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, whereas Easterners favor the eyes and neglect (忽略) the mouth.”

According to Jack and her colleagues, the discovery shows that human communication of emotion is more complex than previously believed. As a result, facial expressions that had been considered universally recognizable cannot be used to reliably convey emotion in cross­cultural situations.

The researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral. They compared how accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies.

It turned out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made significantly more errors than Westerners did. “The cultural difference in eye movements that they show is probably a reflection of cultural difference in facial expressions,” Jack said. “Our data suggest that whereas Westerners use the whole face to convey emotion, Easterners use the eyes more and mouth less.”

In short, the data show that facial expressions are not universal signals of human emotion. From here on, examining how cultural factors have diversified these basic social skills will help our understanding of human emotion. Otherwise, when it comes to communicating emotions across cultures, Easterners and Westerners will find themselves lost in translation.

1. The discovery shows that Westerners ________.

A．pay equal attention to the eyes and the mouth

B．consider facial expressions universally reliable

C．observe the eyes and the mouth in different ways

D．have more difficulty in recognizing facial expressions

2. What were the people asked to do in the study?

A．To make a face at each other.	B．To get their faces impressive.
C．To classify some face pictures.	D．To observe the researchers’ faces.

3. What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 6 refer to?

A．The participants in the study.	B．The researchers of the study.
C．The errors made during the study.	D．The data collected from the study.

4. What can be the best title for the passage?

A．The Eye is the Window to the Soul

B．Cultural Differences in Reading Emotions

C．Effective Methods to Develop Social Skills

D．How to Increase Cross­cultural Understanding

2 . Are you preparing for a big test? If so, you may want to go playing some basketball in between hitting the books. Doctors are starting to find more and more information that suggests a connection between exercise and brain development. Judy Cameron, a scientist at Oregon Health and Science University, studies brain development. According to her research,   it seems that exercise can make blood vessels (血管),   including those in the brain, stronger and more fully developed. Dr Cameron is sure that this allows people who exercise to think better. As she says, “while we already know that exercise is good for the heart, exercise can actually cause physical changes in the   brain.”

The effects of exercise on brain development can even be seen in babies. Babies who do activities that require a lot of movement and physical activity show greater brain development than babies who are less physically active. Even a little movement can show big results. Margaret Barnes, a scientist, also believes in the importance of exercise. She thinks that many learning disabilities that children have in primary school or high school can result from a lack of movement as babies. “Babies need movement that encourages and excites their five senses. They need to set up a connection between motion and memory. In this way, as they get older, children will begin to connect physical activity with higher learning，” says Margaret.

Older people can develop their brains as well. Cornell University studied a group of seniors who have a short­term memory increase of up to 40 percent after exercising just three hours a week. The exercise does not have to be very difficult, but it does have to increase the heart rate. Also, just like the motion for babies   exercise for older people should not be too simple. Learning some new skills or actions, such as with yoga or tai­chi helps to open up memory paths in the brain that may not have been used for a long time. For most people, any type of physical activity that increases the heart rate is helpful. The main aim is to increase the brain’s flow of blood. And your brain can benefit from as little as two to three hours of exercise a week.

1. What is the connection between exercise and brain   development?

A．Exercise helps make our blood vessels.

B．Physical exercise helps us think better.

C．Exercise prevents us having brain diseases.

D．More physical exercises enlarge our brains.

2. How can exercise affect babies?

A．Whether they are excited or not depends on movements.

B．A lack of movement results from their learning disabilities.

C．The more frequently they move, the cleverer they become.

D．The more activities they do, the greater their brains develop.

3. Why is yoga suggested for seniors?

A．It helps them memorise quicker.

B．It decreases the heart rate.

C．It includes learning new actions.

D．It can be done in groups.

4. What is the smallest amount of exercise required to gain any benefit?

A．3 hours per week.	B．4.2 hours per week.
C．1 hour per day.	D．40 hours per month.

3 . EVENTS

Long March exhibition

The Shanghai History Museum is putting on an exhibition to mark the 60th anniversary of the Long March. On show are more than 220 photos and 40 items that explain with pictures how the communist Red Army drew back from its besieged(被围困的) bases in Jiangxi Province and fought its way to northern Shanxi Province in the mid-1930s.Explanations are all in Chinese. The show will end on November 20.

Time: 10:00 am-4:00 pm

Address: 1286 Hongqiao Road

Admission: 8 yuan for Chinese /15 yuan for foreigners

Thai elephants

Eight elephants from Thailand are entertaining visitors at Changfeng Park by riding bikes, playing basketball, balancing on a pole, dancing and blowing a mouthorgan(口琴).People are encouraged to have a tug-of-war(拔河比赛)with the animals or lie on the ground and have the elephants walk over them. The elephants give three shows a day at 9:30 am, 3:30 pm and 8:00 pm and there is an additional show at l:30 pm at weekends. The show will end on November 15.

Address: 189 Daduhe Road

Admission: 30-40 yuan

Dancing dolphins

Dolphins jumping from the water to touch a ball, swaying their bodies to music, kissing people and doing math by tapping their tails have made the dolphinarium(海豚馆) in Peace Park an attraction for children. Seals and sea lions also perform.

Hours: 10:30 am, 4:00 pm, and 7:30 pm

Admission: 20 yuan for adults and 10 yuan for children. (252 words)

1. If you go to visit the Long March exhibition with an Australian, how much will you pay altogether for the admission?

A．23 yuan.

B．30 yuan.

C．16 yuan.

D．20 yuan.

2. Which of the following is NOT done by the Thai elephants?

A．Riding bicycles.	B．Doing math.
C．Having a tug-of-war with people.	D．Blowing a mouth-organ.

3. The dolphinarium in Peace Park is a hall where you can see ______.

A．only seals and sea lions perform

B．only dolphins perform

C．not only dolphins but also seals and sea lions perform

D．only seals perform

4 . Survey Studies Internet Use in China

       A typical(典型的) Chinese Internet user is a young male who prefers instant messaging to e-mail, seldom makes online purchases(购买) and favors news, music and games sites. According to a study, about two-thirds of survey participants use the Internet for news — often entertainment-related — or for online games. About half download music and movies.
       They also tend to prefer instant messaging to e-mail, and they are depending on the Internet more frequently than before to communicate with others who have the same professions, hobbies and political interests. Online purchases still remain unpopular in China. Three-quarters of users surveyed have never bought anything over the Internet, and only 10 percent make purchases even once a month. Among those who do buy online, most pay for entertainment while others buy phone cards, or computer hardware or software.
       “Many people don’t trust the quality of goods bought online,” Guo said Wednesday. “If they buy it in a store and don’t like it, they can easily bring it back.”
       The survey was done in five major cities: Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Chengdu and Changsha. Results do not necessarily project countrywide because Internet use in rural areas is lower than in cities. Guo describes the typical netizen in the five cities surveyed as young, male, richer and more highly educated. Males make up two-thirds of the Internet community, and more than 80 percent of users are under. Among people ages 25 to 29, 60 percent to 80 percent go online.
China has more than 100 million people online, second in the world to the United States.
1. A typical Chinese Internet user will be the one who ______.

A．likes to buy goods online

B．likes the games sites

C．likes to pay for entertainment

D．likes to send e-mails

2. Online purchases still remain unpopular in China mainly because ______.

A．goods bought online are of low quality

B．people can’t have a look at the goods

C．it is more difficult for sales returns

D．people haven’t computers

3. Which of the following words fails to describe the typical netizens in the five cities?

A．young	B．female
C．well educated	D．richer

5 .        Having a husband means an extra seven hours of housework each week for women, according to a new study. For men, getting married saves an hour of housework a week. “It’s a well-known pattern,” said lead researcher Frank Stafford at University of Michigan’s Institute for Social Research. “Men usually work more outside the home, while women take on more of the housework.”
       He points out that differences among households (家庭) exist. But in general, marriage means more housework for women and less for men. “And the situation gets worse for women when they have children.” Stafford said.
       Overall, times are changing in the American home. In 1976, women busied themselves with 26 weekly hours of sweeping-and-dusting work, compared with 17 hours in 2005. Men are taking on more housework, more than doubling their housework hours from six in 1976 to 13 in 2005.
       Single women in their 20s and 30s did the least housework, about 12 weekly hours, while married women in their 60s and 70s did the most — about 21 hours a week.
       Men showed a somewhat different pattern, with older men picking up the broom more often than younger men. Single men worked the hardest around the house, more than that of all other age groups of married men.
       Having children increases housework even further. With more than three children, for example, wives took on more of the extra work, clocking about 28 hours a week compared with husbands’ 10 hours.
1. How many hours of housework did men do every week in the 1970s?

A．About 26.	B．About 6.
C．About 28.	D．About 13.

2. What kind of man is doing most housework according to the text?

A．A married man with children.

B．An older married man.

C．An unmarried man.

D．A younger married man

3. What can we conclude from Stafford’s research?

A．Housework sharing changes over time.

B．Having children means doubled housework.

C．Marriage has effects on job choices.

D．Marriage gives men more freedom.

4. According to the “well-known pattern” in Paragraph 1, a married man ________.

A．is the main breadwinner

B．is the master of the house

C．takes on heavier work

D．does more housework

6 .        A nobleman and a merchant once met in an inn. For their lunch they both ordered soup. When it was brought, the nobleman took a spoonful, but the soup was so hot that he burned his mouth and tears came to his eyes. The merchant asked him why he was weeping. The nobleman was ashamed to admit that he had burned his mouth and answered, “Sir, I once had a brother who committed a great crime, for which he was hanged. I was thinking of his death, and that made me weep.” The merchant believed this story and began to eat his soup. He too burned his mouth, so that he had tears in his eyes. The nobleman noticed it and asked the merchant, “Sir, why do you weep?” The merchant, who now saw that the nobleman had deceived (欺骗) him, answered, “My lord(=master), “I am weeping because you were not hanged together with your brother.”
1. This story teaches us ______.

A．not to believe everything you hear

B．not to eat soup that is too hot

C．not to eat in inns

D．to cry when we burn our mouth

2. The nobleman did not tell the truth because he ______.

A．felt ashamed	B．was in an inn
C．was angry	D．was a nobleman

3. It is probable that the nobleman ______.

A．had never eaten soup

B．knew the soup was too hot

C．had no brother who was hanged

D．had a very good brother

4. The merchant’s answer showed that he ______.

A．had kind heart

B．was angry with the nobleman

C．believed the nobleman

D．was very happy

7 . Sagrada Familia ( 2,056,448 visits/year)
Opening hours: 09:00-18:00 (October-March)       09:00-20:00 (April-September).
Admission: $11, or $10 with the Barcelona Card.
Disabled access: Yes.
The temple has been under construction since 1882 and they’ve still got another 30 to 80 years to go before it will be finished. The project’s vast scale (规模) and its special design have made it one of Barcelona’s top tourist attractions for many years.
La Pedrera (1,133,220 visits/year)
Opening hours: 09:00-18:30 (November-February)       09:00-20:00 (March-October)
Admission: $9.50. Save 20% with the Barcelona Card.
Disabled access: No.
This building used to be called Casa Mila, but nowadays it’s more commonly known as La Pedrera. It was made of bricks and had colorful tiles (瓷砖).
Barcelona FC Museum (1,032,763 visits/year)
Opening hours: 6th April-4th October: (Monday to Saturday) 10:00-20:00; the rest of the year: 10:00 to 18:30.
Admission: $8.50 for entry to museum and an extra $17 for a guided tour.
Disabled access: Yes.
It is now generally considered as the best football museum in the world. You can see so many trophies (奖杯), pictures and statues of great football players. I’m not a football fan but I still enjoyed walking round this museum.
Miró Museum (518,869 visits/year)
Opening hours: Check website for details as they vary depending on the time of the year.
Admission: $8. Save 20% with the Barcelona Card.
Disabled access: Yes.
This museum has a wide range of Miró’s works dating back as far as 1914. This artwork collection includes not only his paintings but also a good selection of sculptures.
1. Which of the following attractions is the most popular?

A．Sagrada Familia.	B．La Pedrera.
C．Barcelona FC Museum.	D．Miró Museum.

2. What can we know about the four tourist attractions?

A．Sagrada Familia is the largest building in Barcelona.

B．La Pedrera is well known for its colors.

C．Barcelona FC Museum will attract football fans.

D．Miró Museum was built in as early as the year of 1914.

3. If you visit the Barcelona FC Museum with a tour guide, you should pay       .

A．$8.5

B．$25.5

C．$17

D．$25

4. What do the four attractions have in common?

A．They are famous for their architectural styles.

B．They are all accessible for the disabled people.

C．Their opening hours are changeable in different times.

D．Tourists can get a discount of 20% with the Barcelona Card.

8 . Part-time jobs for 15 and 16 years olds

Waiter / Waitress A job as a waiter or waitress is a good choice for 16-year-olds. Not only can one earn $9-$12 an hour, but they can also get the tips (小费). Most people that visit a restaurant don’t just have good food. They come here to relax and have a good time. Besides serving food quickly, a young waiter who talks to them politely with a smile on his face will make the diners enjoy their time at the restaurant.

Work in a library If one is fond of books, working in a library is another suitable choice. Besides the pay is good, it offers a lot of free time when students can actually sit down and finish their homework. So on returning home, they would have time to hang around with friends or just relax. So working in a library is an excellent part-time job for teens, especially for school students.

Internet jobs There are many ways of making money through online jobs like clicking on advertisements, visiting sites and signing up with them. However, such online jobs don’t pay well. A better Internet job for teens is to complete online surveys. These are quite simple surveys that usually ask one about his/ her opinions and ideas. Many companies use these ideas to make products designed for teenagers.

1. A student who is busy with his research paper will probably choose to work ______.

A．in a restaurant	B．in a library
C．on the Internet	D．in an IT company

2. The writer wrote this text to ______.

A．tell us the importance of doing part-time jobs

B．advise teenagers how to choose a part-time job

C．teach young people how to make lots of money

D．introduce his/her experience of doing part-time jobs

3. Why do some companies ask the teens to do surveys?

A．The teens have more free time.

B．They can pay less to the teens.

C．They need advice to make products for teens.

D．The teens usually express their true opinions.

9 . When Xia Min started drinking alcohol（酒精，乙醇） with her classmates at a friend’s birthday, she didn’t realize what would happen to her. She drank a lot and fell into a coma (昏迷). The 15year-old girl from Chongqing never recovered.
Xia’s death is warning to other students. A new rule went into effect on January 1, 2006. Teens are not allowed to buy or drink alcohol. Shops are not allowed to sell it to them.
A 1999 Chinese law forbade (禁止) shops to sell alcohol to youths under 18. But it is not taken seriously by shopkeepers because it doesn’t have specific rules. People hope the new rule will work.
“I tasted alcohol when having the dinner of the last New Year’s Eve,” said Lian Yuqi, a 16-year-old girl in Xiamen. She believes that the new rule will stop teens from drinking and help them grow in a healthy way.
“Although it may be a little disappointing not to have beer at parties, I think we can have soft drinks instead,” she said.
1. Xia Min died from alcohol at the age of ______.

A．15

B．16

C．17

D．18

2. The underlined word “"it”" means ________.

A．a warning sing	B．a shopkeeper
C．the new rule	D．a 1999 Chinese law

3. We can know that ________.

A．it is against the new rule for youths under 18 to drink alcohol

B．shops can sell alcohol to a 16 years old youth.

C．without an ID card, young people can’t buy alcohol

D．it seems that the young girl, Liang Yuqi, likes to drink alcohol

4. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?

A．The new rule has worked very well.

B．Shopkeepers can sell alcohol to teens above 18.

C．China’s legal drinking age is clearly under18.

D．Many teens drink alcohol to show they’ve grown up.

10 . Eyesight problems are common among all ages and if they are left untreated, they can cause serious headaches or other problems. The good news is that most eyesight problems can easily be sorted out by wearing glasses.
Regular eye tests are important for everyone. Children and teenagers, under the age of 16 and up to the age of 19 for those full-time education, have the right to have eye tests for free in Britain. As the eye test is free, there’s no excuse for not having a regular eye test. Doctors suggest that it’s better to have an eye test about once a year.
Wearing glasses isn’t always regarded as all that cool and teens who suddenly need to wear glasses may find it difficult to accept. If they’ve grown up wearing glasses, then they may be more used to it. However, if your eyes are in poor health, not wearing glasses can put even more pressure on your eyes and could make them even worse.
Thankfully, the days of little choice of glasses frames (框架) for teenagers are gone and there’s now a wide selection of frames. If a teen does need to wear glasses, then it’s good to let him or her choose the type, as he or she will be able to choose something he or she feels comfortable. Don’t forget to be guided by the experts on glasses too.
1. According to the text, teens in the UK ______.

A．have few eyesight problems

B．can design their own glasses

C．change their glasses very often

D．can check their eyes without paying

2. How often do doctors suggest teens to have an eye test?

A．Once a month.

B．Once every six months.

C．Once a year.

D．Twice a year.

3. It can be learned from the text that teens ______.

A．find it difficult to buy comfortable glasses

B．prefer to wear cool glasses at an early age

C．are advised to wear glasses if their eyesight is poor

D．think they are much cooler when wearing glasses

4. In the past, teens who wanted to buy glasses ______.

A．were unable to find the right glasses

B．only had a few styles to choose from

C．could not find an expert to ask for advice

D．were worried about the quality of glasses