1 . Dogs are often said to look like their owners, but the breed someone chooses could also reveal key aspects of their personality, psychologists claim.

They found that people _______ different types of dog depending on their lifestyle and character, though they typically don’t realize it.

Corgi owners, such as the Queen, tend to be extroverted, _______ Sir Isaac Newton’s Pomeranian could have signaled that he was creative and intelligent, the study suggested. The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge’s choice of a cocker spaniel puppy, Lupo, may _______ that they are agreeable and conscientious, while owners of greyhounds and beagles are more likely to be emotionally stable.

This could be because, like in a romantic relationship, we tend to _______ ourselves with pets that we feel we share something in common with, researchers from Bath Spa University found.

It could also _______ our lifestyle, with active dogs like retrievers and greyhounds appealing more to people who enjoy spending time _______, they added.

Dr. Lance Workman and Jo Fearon surveyed 1,000 dog owners via an online questionnaire on behalf of the Kennel Club.

The questions were designed to test the so-called “Big Five” traits that _______ our personality: extroversion, agreeableness, emotional stability, conscientiousness and intelligence.   

Dr. Workman said there was a definite link between a dog’s _______ and their owner’s personality. “I think when you look for a dog at some level, largely _______, you look for something that is a bit like you,” he said. “It’s a bit like a romantic partner. If they ________ they will probably last, and contrary to popular opinion, with romantic partners opposites don’t attract—you need to have a lot ________ if it’s going to last.”

But it also has to suit your lifestyle, he added. If you’re going to get a(n) ________ breed, you need to be an outdoor type person.

Someone’s choice of dog could also reveal ________ personality traits that do not immediately come across from watching them or listening to them speak.

The Queen’s ________ for corgis, for example, may signal that she is more extroverted than she appears to be, Dr. Workman explained.

He said, “It takes a lot to get up and stand up in front of the number of people she does as often as she does, and give a good talk, and at the same time she has to be controlled as the head of state. ________ the minor royals can party, she’s never been able to do that, so I think the personality that we see appears less extroverted than she actually is.”

1.

A．are aware of

B．are drawn towards

C．are compared to

D．are disrespectful to

2.

A．if

B．while

C．as if

D．because

3.

A．confess

B．propose

C．reflect

D．announce

4.

A．match

B．contrast

C．confuse

D．provide

5.

A．change

B．result in

C．be down to

D．interact with

6.

A．working

B．planning

C．indoors

D．outdoors

7.

A．combine

B．govern

C．outweigh

D．examine

8.

A．size

B．breed

C．temperament

D．origin

9.

A．subconsciously

B．knowingly

C．indifferently

D．distinctively

10.

A．figure out

B．team up

C．break down

D．fit in

11.

A．in common

B．to offer

C．at hand

D．on hold

12.

A．fashionable

B．luxurious

C．energetic

D．glamorous

13.

A．hidden

B．positive

C．negative

D．evident

14.

A．tolerance

B．capacity

C．talent

D．fondness

15.

A．Since

B．Whereas

C．For

D．As long as

2 . Plato, an ancient Greek philosopher, believed that men are divided into three classes: gold, silver and bronze. Vifredo Pateto, an Italian economist, argued that “the vital few” account for most progress. In the private sector, best companies struggle relentlessly to find and keep the vital few. They offer them fat pay packets, extra training, powerful mentors and more challenging assignments.

As the competition in business is getting increasingly fierce, companies are trying harder to nurture raw talent, or to poach it from their vitals. Private-equity firms rely heavily on a few stars. High-tech firms, for all their egalitarianism (平均主义), are ruthless about recruiting the brightest. Firms in emerging markets are desperate to find young high-flyers to cope with rapid growth and fast-changing environment.

Bill Conaty and Ram Charan’s recent book The Talent Masters provides a nice mix of portraits of well-known talent factories along with sketches of more recent converts to the cause. “Talent masters” are proud of their elitism. GE divides its employees into three groups based on their promise. Hindustan Unilever compiles a list of people who show innate leadership qualities. “Talent masters” all seem to agree on the importance of two things: measurement and differentiation. The best companies routinely subject employees to various “reviews” and “assessments.” But when it comes to high-flyers they make more effort to build up a three-dimensional picture of their personalities and to provide lots of feedback.

A powerful motivator is to single out high-flyers for special training. GE spends $1 billion a year on it. Novartis sends high-flyers to regular off-site training sessions. Many companies also embrace on-job training, speaking of “stretch” assignments or “baptisms by fire.” The most coveted are foreign postings: these can help young managers understand what it is like to run an entire company with a wide range of problems.

Successful companies make sure that senior managers are involved with “talent development.” Bosses of GE and P&G spent 40% of their time on personnel. Intel obliged senior managers to spend at least a week in a year teaching high-flyers. Involving the company’s top brass (高级职员) in the process prevents lower-level managers from monopolizing high-flyers and crates dialogues between established and future leaders. Successful companies also integrate talent development with their broader strategy to ensure that companies are more than the sum of their parts. P&G likes its managers to be both innovative and worldly. Goodyear replaced 23 of its 24 senior managers in two years as it shifted its target-consumers from carmakers to motorists.

Meanwhile, in their rush to classify people, companies can miss potential stars. Those who are singled out for special treatment can become too full of themselves. But the first problem can be fixed by flexibility; people who are average in one job can become stars in another. And people who become too smug can be discarded.

1. The author mentions the needs for talent of different firms in the second paragraph to show that _________.

A．the need for talent is universal

B．there is a cut-throat competition among them

C．the economy is more prosperous than before

D．the need for talent is confined to high-tech firms

2. What does the new book The Talent Masters chiefly depict?

A．How the well-known talent factories classify their staff.

B．How the talent factories and recent converts to the cause are like.

C．How to identify and recruit talent.

D．How to keep and foster elite employees.

3. The best companies usually cultivate their high-flyers by __________.

A．checking and evaluating them frequently

B．compelling the senior managers to instruct the high-flyers

C．moving them into the positions that display their strengths

D．providing them with training or special mentoring classes

4. The successful companies implement the “talent development” strategy by ________.

A．making sure that its senior managers spend enough time on personnel

B．changing the company’s strategy according to the status quo of talent

C．replacing most of the senior managers regularly to avoid monopoly

D．grooming future leaders from high-flyers rather than from lower-level managers

5. What does the author mainly talk about in the last paragraph?

A．The importance of equality.

B．The necessity of flexibility.

C．The drawbacks of elitism.

D．The harm of self-conceit.

3 . When Simon Cane was in the second grade, he began learning about all the ways humans have an impact on the environment and really took those classroom lessons to heart in a way that set him apart from his schoolmates at his elementary school, P. S. 81, in the Bronx. “He told me we drove too much and made too much pollution,” his dad, Jonathan Cane, told Runner’s World. So Simon convinced his parents to start hanging their clothes to dry, taking the stairs instead of elevators, and other “green” measures.

“For much of kindergarten and first grade I rode my bike to Simon’s school with him on the back,” Jonathan said. “We had a lot of fun being outdoors. We’d stop to give our dog treats and generally enjoyed it.” As Simon got bigger, though, it wasn’t practical for him to ride on his father’s back, but it also didn’t make sense to ride together — both because of safety concerns and because there was no place to put away Simon’s bike. So, most of the time they drove the 1. 5 miles to school.

But in 2019, when Simon was going into third grade, the 8-year-old came up with a new way to help the planet: running the 1. 5 miles to P. S. 81. And Jonathan promised his son he’d join him for as long as he wanted.

“We did a test run one day in August, and decided to give it a go. To be honest, I thought he’d blink (眨眼)after it got really cold or rainy, but he never did,” Jonathan said. He recalled one day when the weather was particularly bad. “It’s really raining out there today,” he told Simon. “And Simon said, ‘Well then we’re going to get wet!’ He took pride in toughing it out, and it became a really fun family routine.”

Since the start, Simon has run with his dad and their black dog, Lola, and has even inspired his mom, Nicole Sin Quee, to join in. They soon became known as “the family that runs to school”.

1. What makes Simon different from his classmates?

A．Washing his clothes by himself.	B．Taking many classes after school.
C．Raising strange questions in class.	D．Taking green measures to protect the environment.

2. How did Simon usually go to school in second grade?

A．By car.

B．By cycling.

C．By running.

D．By school bus.

3. What can be inferred from paragraph 4?

A．Simon has trouble with his eyesight.	B．Simon is really stubborn and inflexible.
C．Simon is much tougher than expected.	D．Simon didn’t get support from his father.

4. What can be the best title for the text?

A．The Best Way to Go to School

B．Father and Son Run for the Environment

C．A Teenager Keeps Running to Inspire Father

D．Three Inspiring Running Athletes to Protect the Environment

4 . By now, we are all aware that social media has had a tremendous influence on our culture, in business, on the world-at-large. Social media websites revolutionized the way people communicate and socialize on the Web. However, aside from seeing your friend’s new baby on Facebook, or reading about Justin Bieber’s latest conflict with the law on Twitter, what are some of the real influences?

Social networks offer the opportunity for people to re-connect with their old friends and acquaintances, make new friends, share ideas and pictures, and many other activities. Users can keep pace with the latest global and local developments, and participate in campaigns and activities of their choices. Professionals use social media sites like LinkedIn to enhance their career and business development. Students can work together with their peers to improve their academic and communication skills.

Unfortunately, there are a few downsides too to social networking. If you are not careful, immoral people can target you for cyber bullying and disturbance on social sites. School children, young girls, and women can fall victim to online attacks which can create tension and suffering. If you are a victim of cyber bullying, do not take it lying down, but try to take appropriate legal action against the attacker.

Many companies have blocked social networks as addicted employees can distract themselves on such sites, instead of focusing on work. In fact, studies show that British companies have lost billions of dollars per year in productivity because of social media addiction among employees.

Also, what you carelessly post on the Internet can come back to trouble you. Revealing (泄露) personal information on social sites can make users vulnerable (易受伤害的) to crimes like identity theft, stalking, etc. Many companies perform a background check on the Internet before hiring an employee. If a potential employee has posted something embarrassing on social media, it can greatly affect their chances of getting the job. The same holds true for our relationships too, as our loved ones and friends may get to know if we post something undesirable on social networks.

Social media has its advantages and drawbacks as each coin has two sides. It is up to each user to use social sites wisely to enhance their professional and social life, and exercise caution to ensure they do not fall victim to online dangers.

1. Paragraph 2 mainly shows that social networks ________.

A．help students finish their homework	B．offer professionals good chances
C．benefit users in various ways	D．guide users to make right choices

2. Faced with problems caused by social media, some companies ________.

A．forbid the use of social networks during work time

B．avoid posting embarrassing information

C．refuse to hire potential addicted employees

D．take legal action against the attackers

3. The main purpose of this passage is to ________.

A．share experiences in using social media	B．remind people to wisely use social media
C．provide some advice on social problems	D．raise public awareness of social problems

4. Which of the following shows the development of ideas in this passage?

A．	B．
C．	D．

5 . Christmas was near a season that we took seriously in our house. But a week or so before the 25th, my father would give each of his children ﹩20. This was the 1970s, and ﹩20 was quite a bit of money．

But I saw it _______．My father trusted me to have the _______ to spend money wisely. Even better, he gave me the _______to get it. On a very basic level ，my father was giving me a shopping spree（狂欢）every year. But he was also giving me charge over my own fun, trusting my ability to manage money and making me feel like a/an_________. He didn't buy me Sherlock Holmes, but he gave me the means to walk into the bookstore and choose it for myself, so it felt like a gift from him．

My mother had a/an _______for giving me what I needed, usually   right at the moment I needed it most. This was when I was 25, I_______at being an adult on my very first try. I had quitted my _______job but had no new one. But when my mother   paid me a visit, I_______a good show, telling her I had started my own company．

My mother knew that I was trying hard and failing at that time. It wasn't until _______she left that I noticed at the foot of my bed an envelope thick with ________．She knew how ________I needed it．She knew that had she just shown up with groceries，or offer to pay my rent, she would have made me feel much ________．The cold，hard cash meant she was helping me. And, funnily enough, the__________with which she gave the gift felt like she was giving me space to__________my life and preserve my dignity．My mother and father both did the same thing. One was giving me the means to take my own decisions，and the other was giving me a second __________ when those decisions had cost me dearly．

1.

A．positively

B．differently

C．naturally

D．originally

2.

A．intelligence

B．passion

C．power

D．potential

3.

A．courage

B．suggestions

C．discipline

D．means

4.

A．grown-up

B．teenager

C．adventurer

D．pioneer

5.

A．habit

B．gift

C．approach

D．tradition

6.

A．failed

B．fooled

C．dropped

D．fell

7.

A．important

B．creative

C．challenging

D．previous

8.

A．put on

B．put away

C．put off

D．put forward

9.

A．before

B．after

C．when

D．as

10.

A．credit

B．loans

C．receipts

D．cash

11.

A．desperately

B．hardly

C．eventually

D．accurately

12.

A．better

B．more

C．less

D．worse

13.

A．decoration

B．love

C．distance

D．method

14.

A．defend

B．equip

C．fix

D．develop

15.

A．solution

B．chance

C．visit

D．assistance

6 . One evening, Catherine was at home as usual. As her____swung between what she was going to do with her life and their dinner plans for the evening, she was unexpectedly ___by an urgent call from her sister “Get over here! Turn on NBC and check these guys out. They are just like you…” One Facebook message and a phone interview later, Catherine____herself on a bus with 8 strangers in the middle of the sweltering desert heat of Utah, picking up trash and ___awareness about zero-waste and climate change.

With a deep____of the environment and a desire to make a __ , Catherine, Davey, and a group of self ___“environmental pick-up artists” went on a coast to coast road side trash pick-up. As they walked, sometimes only______0.9 miles in an entire day, they ____ and steadily made their way across the United States for three years, picking up a total of 201,678 pounds of trash.

Catherine and Davey____with us wonderful stories of hope and inspiration that fueled their___to continue their journey. After spending weeks silently______how she would have enough _____to fly home for their two-week spring break, Catherine found a blank, unidentified envelope____with $850 cash in the desert. Just enough to get her home and back. After their bus____outside of Denver, they unexpectedly got ____ and arrived in Yosemite National Park three weeks later, just in time for the “Yosemite Facelift” where____ from all over the state came together with a______of cleaning up trash all over the park.

Being at the right place at the right time became almost normal, and they realized that much of what they ____was more than just a coincidence. Together, their team learned to simply ____themselves to their task, and surrender to the journey.

1.

A．thoughts

B．balance

C．hands

D．position

2.

A．blamed

B．interrupted

C．frightened

D．moved

3.

A．found

B．cheered

C．dropped

D．taught

4.

A．abandoning

B．raising

C．shaking

D．hiding

5.

A．pride

B．trust

C．love

D．fear

6.

A．plan

B．promise

C．mistake

D．difference

7.

A．corrected

B．repeated

C．described

D．discovered

8.

A．driving

B．fixing

C．riding

D．covering

9.

A．slowly

B．secretly

C．helplessly

D．frequently

10.

A．heard

B．shared

C．wrote

D．read

11.

A．problems

B．costs

C．efforts

D．choices

12.

A．depending on

B．replying to

C．worrying about

D．meeting with

13.

A．money

B．food

C．time

D．room

14.

A．equipped

B．supplied

C．decorated

D．filled

15.

A．set off

B．broke down

C．headed for

D．held on

16.

A．rest

B．help

C．understanding

D．practice

17.

A．volunteers

B．members

C．tourists

D．reporters

18.

A．purpose

B．question

C．decision

D．lesson

19.

A．introduced

B．expected

C．experienced

D．examined

20.

A．turn

B．limit

C．compare

D．devote

7 . 15 years ago, when I was playing basketball in one of Australia’s premier basketball leagues, I remember a sports psychologist we had for the season. As young professional athletes with high egos (自我价值感), the team were not quite convinced the techniques of psychology would ____   performance, especially when it didn’t involve using the physical strength and endurance needed to _____ the weeks of training and games. I, ____ , was interested.

We were trained in a visualization technique used before games. It involved moving ourselves into a meditative (冥想的) state and taking ourselves on a journey into the ____ to recreate the experience of a game, From ____ home, getting to the stadium, being in the change room, walking out onto the ____ and then finally visualizing how we would play and see ourselves ____ . The most important part of the ____ was to bring to life the vivid details of each stage, while also focusing on the ____ that came with it. We were trained to ____ fear, doubt and learned to go beyond them, so that by the time we got onto the court, we were grounded, ____ and ready to play.

What I learnt most from this technique was that winning games was important but how we ____   to play was even more vital. And ____ visualization was a powerful way to see through to the ____ , there were absolutely no ____ in the hard work of getting there.

1.

A．improve

B．monitor

C．measure

D．maintain

2.

A．compensate for

B．prepare for

C．tough out

D．show up

3.

A．in addition

B．in other words

C．as a result

D．on the other hand

4.

A．wild

B．home

C．history

D．future

5.

A．finding

B．leaving

C．moving

D．missing

6.

A．court

B．street

C．platform

D．stage

7.

A．learning

B．winning

C．waiting

D．talking

8.

A．subject

B．match

C．technique

D．team

9.

A．questions

B．decisions

C．feelings

D．lessons

10.

A．forget about

B．drive away

C．bring back

D．step into

11.

A．cheerful

B．patient

C．eager

D．confident

12.

A．aim

B．appear

C．continue

D．promise

13.

A．unless

B．as

C．while

D．if

14.

A．solution

B．goal

C．truth

D．background

15.

A．shortcuts

B．tools

C．examples

D．downsides

8 . One morning, the door to the classroom opened and a new teacher, Mrs Cosby, walked in. She looked too _________ to handle us. And we sure gave her a _________ time , but she never lost her temper. And then came the last day of the first month she had been our teacher. She _______ some papers the moment she entered the classroom. We _________ the worst—a test. But oh no, it was something that totally _________ us.

Mrs Cosby asked us to come to the front of the class, and gave each of us a piece of _______, on which she had written what the student with _________ had been good at during the last month. You see, no one ever _________ us. No one ever liked us. We were constantly told what good-for-nothing we were. And here, _________, was someone who had been ____________with us closely for a month. Mrs Cosby did this every ______________ from then on. Each month we got a piece of paper that said our ______________. She commented on my courage, and how well I did if I wanted to ______________ arguments. Her attitude influenced our class. We did not want to ______________ her feelings anymore. We actually started to ______________.

And then came the day of our ______________. Mrs Cosby hugged us and told us with tears in her eyes how ______________ she was of us. Then she ______________ each one of us a book. All the encouraging words through the years were there, in hard covers.

She said, “I want you each to keep this book and if ever during your life you feel unworthy,____________ this and read how good you are. You can be anything you want to be as long as you believe in yourself. ______________ me you will remember that!”

1.

A．kind

B．humorous

C．concerned

D．ordinary

2.

A．happy

B．hard

C．good

D．valuable

3.

A．picked up

B．took out

C．paid for

D．came across

4.

A．hoped

B．needed

C．feared

D．dreamed

5.

A．bored

B．surprised

C．excited

D．satisfied

6.

A．wood

B．cloth

C．paper

D．bread

7.

A．abilities

B．interests

C．actions

D．problems

8.

A．forgot about

B．relied on

C．believed in

D．looked for

9.

A．naturally

B．fortunately

C．suddenly

D．gradually

10.

A．quarreling

B．competing

C．living

D．dealing

11.

A．day

B．week

C．month

D．year

12.

A．memories

B．mistakes

C．strengths

D．attitudes

13.

A．start

B．settle

C．continue

D．write

14.

A．understand

B．know

C．hurt

D．read

15.

A．study

B．perform

C．fight

D．joke

16.

A．success

B．failure

C．graduation

D．competition

17.

A．tired

B．proud

C．confident

D．afraid

18.

A．showed

B．bought

C．handed

D．suggested

19.

A．remember

B．remove

C．open

D．borrow

20.

A．Request

B．Promise

C．Warn

D．Remind

9 . There’s no doubt that one of the greatest human achievements is the exploration of the space. Ever since astronaut Yuri Gagarin became the first person to be sent into the orbit around the moon in 1961, scientists have been pushing the boundaries further and further. But until now the exploration into the unknown has been dominated (主导) by men.

Of course, in the past, women were also included in the space projects and played an active role on the ground and behind the scenes. For example, they worked as seamstresses (女裁缝师), sewing vital spaceflight components. In fact, many of NASA’s key works would never have been possible without them. Recently Hollywood produced a movie called Hidden Figures to focus on a group of American female mathematicians, especially the black women, who helped NASA send the first American into space. But this was not women’s only contribution. Back in 1963, Soviet astronaut Valentina Tereshkova became the first woman to be sent into space. However, after that, space flight programs were slow to employ women. In the USA. NASA didn’t accept applications from women to become astronauts until 1978.

But attitudes have changed and leading officials at NASA say that the first person to set foot on Mars should be a woman. The space agency aims to have a sex-balanced workforce but can only achieve that if equal numbers of men and women are trained for science and technology jobs. As Allison McIntryre told the BBC, “My director is a woman. We have female astronauts. We haven’t put a woman on the moon yet. And I think that perhaps the first person to step on Mars should be a woman.”

1. What did Yuri Gagarin do in 1961?

A．He landed on the moon in success.

B．He discovered many new boundaries.

C．He led scientists to explore the moon.

D．He made the first journey into the space.

2. Why does the author mention the film Hidden Figures?

A．To show women are the true heroes of NASA’s first launch.

B．To stress that black people have won equal rights in NASA.

C．To prove women can do as well as men in NASA’ projects.

D．To present women’s contributions to NASA’s space programs.

3. What is Allison McIntryre’s attitude toward women astronauts?

A．Uncaring.	B．Disapproving.
C．Supportive.	D．Disappointed.

4. What is the best title for the text?

A．Will the First Person to Step on Mars Be a Woman?

B．Great Achievements Have Been Made in Space Exploration?

C．Why Men Played an Important Role in Exploring the Unknown?

D．Men and Women Have Made Equal Contributions to NASA’s Projects?

10 . Compassion and love are concepts that are often thought to be felt by humans only. As the most intelligent creatures to ever walk the earth, we tend to assume that we are the only ones who can feel emotions. We forget that the speechless beings who live here with us—animals—also have the same capability.

During a cold night in Ontario, Canada, a passer-by spotted something on the side of the road that made her stop-a shaking dog curled up in the snow.

When she approached the pet, she discovered that she wasn't alone—she was cuddling five orphaned black kittens to keep them warm.

The dog surely could have found a safer place to stay for the night, but she chose instead to help not just herself but other stray animals as well.

The Good Samaritan called Pet and Wildlife Rescue and an animal control officer picked them up. When they got to the shelter, it was apparent that a close bond had already been formed between the dog and the orphaned kittens. The staff decided to name the kind dog Serenity in honor of her selfless act.

“It's truly heartwarming!” a shelter spokesperson told The Dodo. "It had been a very cold night so these kittens would have had a very hard time surviving.”

Aside from requiring treatment for worm and flea infections, the orphaned kittens are now safe. Just like a proud and doting mother, Serenity insisted on checking on her babies regularly to oversee their progress.

The good news is that the kittens are now living with a foster family who will care for them until they are old enough to be adopted. Serenity, on the other hand, is still looking for a family.

According to the shelter, she loves zooming around in the yard and is big on playing. She is also quite jumpy, so she would do best in a home without small children.

1. What did the passer-by see on the road?

A．A dog curled up in the snow.

B．Five kittens were in the snow alone.

C．A dog found a safe place to stay for the

D．A dog was warming five kittens in the snow. night.

2. What does the underlined word "she" in paragraph 3 refer to?

A．The passer-by.	B．The spokesperson.
C．The kitten.	D．The dog.

3. Where is the dog Serenity now?

A．Being adopted by a family.	B．Living in the shelter.
C．Staying with the kittens.	D．Playing with some children.

4. What can we draw from the story?

A．Animals have the same capability with humans.

B．A sad end can be turned into a positive one.

C．Animals and humans should live in harmony.

D．Animals can feel compassion and love like humans.