1 . Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem.

Race walkers are conditioned athletes. The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact (接触) with the ground at all times. It’s this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.

Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says, According to most calculations, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories(卡路里) per hour, which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour.

However, race walking does not pound the body as much as running does, Dr. Norberg says. According to her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step, while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step.

As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner’s knee, are uncommon among race walkers. But the sport’s strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique, she says. It takes some practice.

1. Why are race walkers conditioned athletes?

A．They must run long distances.

B．They are qualified for the marathon.

C．They have to follow special rules.

D．They are good at swinging their legs.

2. What advantage does race walking have over running?

A．It’s more popular at the Olympics.

B．It’s less challenging physically.

C．It’s more effective in body building.

D．It’s less likely to cause knee injuries.

3. What is Dr. Norberg’s suggestion for someone trying race walking?

A．Getting experts’ opinions.

B．Having a medical checkup.

C．Hiring an experienced coach.

D．Doing regular exercises.

4. Which word best describes the author’s attitude to race walking?

A．Skeptical.	B．Objective.
C．Tolerant.	D．Conservative.

2 . 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
1. Where is Jeff from？

A．Liverpool.

B．Coventry.

C．Newcastle.

2. Where do young men go to watch big games according to Jeff？

A．Pubs.

B．Stadiums.

C．Friends’ homes.

3. Why does Jeff have to pick a team to support？

A．To avoid being bothered.

B．To open a conversation.

C．To earn respect from others.

4. What does Jeff mainly talk about？

A．England’s moment of success.

B．English flag as a symbol of hope.

C．England’s all-time favourite sport.

3 . Running is often tiring and a lot of hard work, but nothing beats the feeling you get after finishing a long workout around the track.

But while it’s long been believed that endorphins (内啡肽) —chemicals in the body that cause happiness—are behind the so-called “runner’s high”, a study suggested that there may be more to this phenomenon than we previously knew.

According to a recent study published by a group of scientists from several German universities, a group of chemicals called endocannabinoids (内源性大麻素) may actually be responsible for this familiar great feeling.

To test this theory, the scientists turned to mice. Both mice and humans release high levels of endorphins and endocannabinoids after exercise. After exercising on running wheels, the mice seemed happy and relaxed and displayed no signs of anxiety. But after being given a drug to block their endorphins, the mice’s behavior didn’t seem to change. However, when their endocannabinoids were blocked with a different drug, their runners’ high symptoms seemed to fade.

“The long-held notion of endorphins being responsible for the runner’s high is false. Endorphins are effective pain relievers, but only when it comes to the pain in your body and muscles you feel after working out,” Patrick Lucas Austin wrote on science blog Lifchacker.

Similar studies are yet to be carried out on humans, but it’s already known that exercise is a highly effective way to get rid of stress or anxiety. The UK’s National Health Service even prescribes (开药 方) exercise to patients who are suffering from depression. “Being depressed can leave you feeling low in energy, which might put you off being more active. Regular exercise can improve your mood if you have depression, and its especially useful for people with mild to moderate (中等的) depression,” it wrote on its website.

It seems like nothing can beat that feeling we get after a good workout, even if we don’t fully understand where it comes from. At least if we’re feeling down, we know that all we have to do is to put on our running shoes.

1. What did scientists from German universities recently discover?

A．Working out is a highly effective way to treat depression.

B．The runner’s high could be caused by endocannabinoids.

C．Endorphins may contribute to one’s high spirits after running.

D．The level of endorphins and endocannabinoids could affect one’s mood.

2. Why did the scientists give mice drugs in their experiment?

A．To find what reduces the runner’s high symptoms.

B．To see the specific symptoms of the runner’s high.

C．To identify what is responsible for the runner’s high.

D．To test what influences the level of endocannabinoids released.

3. What does the underlined word “notion” mean?

A．Effect.

B．Goal.

C．Opinion.

D．Question

4. What can we know about regular workouts according to the UK’s National Health Service?

A．They can help ease depression symptoms.

B．They are the best way to treat depression.

C．They only work for those with serious depression.

D．They can help people completely recover from depression.

4 . 语法填空

For 34 years, thousands of runners     1    （take）on the Marathon des Sables, a 140-mile race through the Sahara.     2    (consider) the world’s most difficult race, des Sables takes place over the course of six days through Morocco’s unforgiving Sahara.

At 46, Amy Palmiero-Winter is not what most picture when they think of     3     athlete, but for her, running has been a lifelong passion: an escape, a comfort, a calling. So, when a careless driver crashed into her motorcycle 25 years ago and damaged her left leg, she did everything she could     4    （save）it.

She couldn’t imagine not running. But three years and 25 operations later it became obvious that her leg would never     5    （true）recover. But hardships couldn’t keep her from running. In fact, they may have pushed her     6    （close）towards it. “When something bad happened to me, I went out for a run. It kept me from any darkness.” Palmiero-Winter said. After recovering from her amputation, she tried running again. Struggling     7    low-tech artificial legs, in 2004 she placed second in the Silver Strand Half Marathon. Today, she holds 11 world records and countless awards,     8    （include）the James E. Sullivan Award and others,     9    recognized her as the world’s top amateur athlete nearly a decade ago.

But as her latest     10    （achieve）at the Marathon des Sables shows, she’s nowhere near done.

5 . How Running Helped Me Turn My Life Around

I've never been an athlete. Aside from excelling at all academic disciplines at school, my main goal was to ____ PE at all costs. In my twenties, I went for an occasional yoga or Zumba class, but that was really the summary of all my athletic accomplishments.

That was until the end of 2016, when I was unexpectedly laid off. The chances of getting a new ____ soon were not in my favor and ____ thoughts of not being good enough started to kick in. I was feeling quite depressed but pushed myself to go and ____ for the TCS NYC Marathon runners as the course was going through our neighborhood.

However, while being there, I got phenomenal ____ from all the runners, smiling, applauding and high-fiving constantly. Not a runner myself, I thought maybe I could give running a ____ , just to try, to use my neglected gym membership and see where it ____ me. And so I tried. I went to my local gym the next morning and got on a treadmill （跑步机）. I was out of breath by minute five, but I ____ down, walked for a bit and then restarted. I came back the next day, hoping to ____ a few minutes longer. By the end of two weeks, I could run for 30 minutes, which was a huge _____.

While I saw my body starting to look more toned, I also noticed my negative thoughts didn't occur that ____. And it sparked a thought—what if I could set a running ____ and sign up for my first- ever race? I did and races became a new hobby.

In the meantime, I was able to ____ a few freelance （自由职业的）projects. They offered me a good ____ , and, most importantly, the time to work out for the big race. Also, when I was going for interviews, I started to feel very ____ in my abilities, experience and skills.

I got my full-time job ____ at my dream company just a couple of weeks before the halfmarathon. Although I got an ____ from overtraining right before the race, I still went for it and still finished within my ____ time.

I still have a long running ____ ahead of me—I'd love to work on my speed, my technique and I dream of running a marathon outside of the US. Running gives me ____ that I can do anything I set my mind to.

1.

A．attend

B．avoid

C．pursue

D．postpone

2.

A．house

B．plan

C．class

D．job

3.

A．dark

B．deep

C．critical

D．random

4.

A．call

B．look

C．cheer

D．stand

5.

A．sympathy

B．pleasure

C．luck

D．energy

6.

A．lift

B．shot

C．break

D．choice

7.

A．meets

B．leaves

C．takes

D．drops

8.

A．came

B．fell

C．went

D．slowed

9.

A．last

B．walk

C．rest

D．function

10.

A．credit

B．impact

C．success

D．opportunity

11.

A．readily

B．frequently

C．normally

D．occasionally

12.

A．goal

B．limit

C．record

D．standard

13.

A．cancel

B．secure

C．approve

D．continue

14.

A．service

B．position

C．future

D．income

15.

A．absorbed

B．interested

C．confident

D．confused

16.

A．offer

B．permit

C．schedule

D．application

17.

A．award

B．honor

C．injury

D．issue

18.

A．leisure

B．expected

C．original

D．spare

19.

A．show

B．routine

C．distance

D．journey

20.

A．faith

B．consideration

C．evidence

D．guidance

6 . When it comes to making healthy lifestyle changes, which should come first-changing your diet or becoming more physically active?

Previous studies suggested that providing people with too much information about nutrition and physical activity at once tends (趋向) to be discouraging. That has led to the popularity of advising people to make changes gradually, and set smaller goals.

So the scientists divided 200 inactive participants who were 45 or older into four groups. One group was instructed in making diet and fitness changes at the same time; the second group was taught about diet changes first, and then fitness changes four months later; the third group changed their exercise habits first and made changes in their eating habits four months later; and the final, control group was not instructed in either diet or fitness changes but in how to manage their stress.

The researchers followed the groups for a full year. Compared to the control group, the three intervention (干预) groups made healthy changes in their diet. Those who changed their fitness habits first significantly increased the amount of exercise they received daily compared to the other groups after four months. However, at the end of the year, the group that changed both diet and exercise at the same time was the only one that met the nationally recommended targets for both exercise and nutrition levels, while those who worked on improving their nutrition first were unable to meet the recommended levels of fitness after a year. The researchers suspect that changes to diet are easier to make than changes to physical activity.

The findings show, however, that pairing diet and exercise changes may help to overcome some of the barriers people face in adding more physical activity into their lives. If folks change diet and exercise orderly, the scientists say, they may end up placing more importance on the first set of behavior changes and feel less pressured to address the second set.

1. How is Paragraph 3 developed?

A．By giving examples.	B．By making comparisons.
C．By analyzing causes.	D．By making classifications.

2. Which group was the most physically active after four months?

A．The first group.	B．The second group.
C．The third group.	D．The control group.

3. What might the scientists approve of?

A．Changing eating habits first may be reasonable.

B．Diet and exercise changes should be made orderly.

C．Diet and exercise changes are equally hard to make.

D．Diet and exercise should be processed at the same time.

4. Which of the following is probably the title of the passage?

A．Changing your habits for better health

B．Ways to lead a healthy and balanced life

C．Making healthy lifestyle changes really counts

D．Timing matters in making diet and exercise changes

7 . 假定你是李华，你的美国笔友Peter想了解10月18日在武汉举行的第七届世界军人运动会（the 7th Military World Games），请给他写信简要介绍相关情况，内容包括：
1. 时间地点；
2. 概况（109个国家，九千多名军人，329项运动）；
3. 影响或意义。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 结尾已为你写好。
Dear Peter,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Looking forward to hearing from you soon.

Yours,

Li Hua

8 . Improving as a runner is about more than just running all of the time.    1    In that case, you can make large improvements as a runner in a relatively short time, no matter what your sport, race, or running habits.

    2    It is common for runners to push themselves about the same amount each time, running similarly challenging runs and gradually increasing difficulty. Outstanding runners, however, alternate(交替)an easy, resting run with a very challenging one. It is during these difficult runs，when you really push yourself, that your body snakes the most significant gains.    3    Rather, it is helping rebuild and relax the muscles needed for your big runs.

Keep a relaxed but strong upper body to conserve energy efficiently. You want to keep your chin(下巴)up and your shoulders back, with loose, relaxed arm and hand muscles. Your elbows are bent at 90 degrees but swing freely. If anything, the only muscles you want to focus on keeping strong and tight are the ones in your core(核心).    4    

Use your light run to work up a light sweat. A higher body temperature ensures your muscles are loose and flexible, and your body is pumping blood effectively throughout. For everything other than easy runs, use the first five to ten minutes to build a light sweat and get your body ready for exercise.    5    Slowly pick up speed for short 10 second runs, then return to normal warm-up pace. This helps prepare your muscles for speed.

A．Don't feel like an easy day is "cheating".

B．Alternate easy and hard runs to build strength rapidly.

C．Even five minutes of walking is a good way to get started.

D．"Warming up" truly means you want to warm up your body.

E．You are to pay a little attention to details and a smart training plan.

F．That's because this will naturally help you efficiently channel energy.

G．Remember to relax your face and neck muscles instead of tensing them

9 . 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文．文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处．每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改．
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词．
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉．
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词．
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分．

Nowadays fewer students take exercise due to various reason and some students fall ill every now and then because of they are not healthy or strong enough． However， we should take exercise regularly to improve our health．

First of all， taking PE classes seriously． In PE classes we can build up our bodies with the careful guidance of PE teachers． Secondly， it is of great important to make it a routine to exercise after class or during breaks． In addition， it was also a good idea to join a sports club that you are interested．

As the old saying go， "The first wealth is health．" Let's do more exercise to live a better and healthy life．

10 . 假如你是李华，你的英国网友Forbes打算抽空到中国学习太极(Tai Chi)，他写信向你求助，请你根据下列要点给对方写一封回信：1.介绍学太极好处；2.负责联系学习地点和老师。
注意:1.词数100左右。
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________