2 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

In the past, running in the street was considered as a bit silly and not very cool. But things are changing. Nowadays, lots of people go out running in their spare time. Some people go to lose weight while others go    1    （simple）to keep fit. The shops are now full of     2    （equip）, clothing for runners. Many runners also have special    3    （watch）which can track their route and tell them their speed. And scientists say that along with cycling and swimming, running is a very good way    4    （keep）fit.

Every year in April, the London Marathon    5    （take）place. The race covers a fantastic route in    6    runners pass lots of the famous sites like the London Eye and Big Ben. People come from all over the world to run in the London Marathon. Interestingly, marathon running used to    7    （see）as an extreme   sport, but now even people who are very unfit take part in marathons every year! It's not that marathons have got    8    （easy）; it's that people have become more interested in running. After the marathon every year the streets suddenly become full    9    runners. People find it so inspiring that they want to try it    10    （they）. All you need is a pair of trainers and a bit of determination, so what are you waiting for?

3 . When you go for a run outside, chances are that you’ll find litter all around you. Do you just go past it, or do you stop and pick it up? If you choose the latter, you’re part of the latest fitness trend that’s sweeping the West: plogging.

The word “plogging” combines the Swedish phrase “plocka upp” (pick up) with the English word “jogging”.

Running – especially marathons – is often associated with good causes. And plogging, which combines environmentalism with fitness, has become the new poster boy for the environmentally-friendly runner. All a plogger needs is a trash bag, and ideally a pair of gloves to protect their hands.

The process of collecting garbage is simple, but it sheds light on serious environmental issues. “When I usually walk through the streets of New York, the sight of newspapers, lost hats, and shattered glass doesn’t bother me,” Matthew Sedacca of Men’s Health magazine wrote. “But when I was plogging and focused on trash collecting, the amount of garbage strewn (散布) across the sidewalks and along the pavement was kind of shocking.”

While collecting garbage, ploggers learn to classify and dispose of it correctly too. Laura Lindberg, a plogger who lives in New Jersey, US, always keeps a note of what she’s collected in her mind. This way, she knows what can stay in her trash bag and what can go in a nearby recycling bin.

It may be difficult to measure the sense of self-satisfaction that comes from making the world a cleaner, greener and more beautiful place, but the health benefits of plogging are easy to see. According to the Swedish fitness app Lifesum, a 30-minute plogging burns around 288 calories, compared to 235 calories burned from just jogging.

So the next time you go out jogging, why not carry a trash bag and collect some litter along the way? Your body and the environment will thank you.

1. What can we learn about “plogging” from paragraph 1 to 3?

A．Plogging is becoming a tendency throughout the world.

B．A plogger should take a pair of gloves for protection.

C．A plogger can contribute to environmental protection.

D．Plogging is often connected with running especially marathons.

2. What does the underlined phrase “shed light on” in paragraph 4 most probably mean?

A．To pick something up.

B．To make something clear.

C．To do good to something.

D．To take advantage of something.

3. The author presents his ideas mainly by      .

A．setting down general rules

B．drawing a comparison

C．making assumptions

D．giving examples

4. What can we infer from the passage?

A．We should assist ploggers to classify rubbish correctly.

B．Ploggers need keep a note of what they’ve collected.

C．Plogging helps burn more calories than jogging only.

D．The joy from plogging outweighs the health benefits.

4 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

There is a growing interest in rock climbing. Recently there    1    (be) an improvement in technology and techniques to perform it. The sport is getting more    2    (attract) to many people. Although rock climbing has risks and physical challenges, people still have several reasons to take it up.

Some sportsmen feel that rock climbing can never become boring. This is because you have different places to go climbing. Additionally, there are several challenging routes to climb. If you are tired    3    walls at your location, you may visit elsewhere    4    (experience) other challenging walls.

    5    (obvious), it offers great fun and adventure to people when they go high up on walls. When they push themselves beyond the expected limits, they get    6    sense of achievement. Many people feel that rock climbing also gives them a feeling of    7    (free), as they can go wherever they want.

There are many sportsmen    8    also lake rock climbing as a physical challenge where they always move up the levels. After    9    (cross) a set level, they move to the next and then to the next. And they can always give a fight to their previously achieved    10    (goal). It all depends on their physical fitness and skill levels.

5 . You signed up for soccer, and played every game of the season. Sure, you're not the best player on the team, but most days you gave it your all. Do you deserve a trophy (奖杯)?

If the decision is up to Carol Dweck, the answer would likely be no. She's a psychology professor at Stanford University, California. She says a player doesn't have to be the best to get a trophy. But those who receive an award should have to work for it. She suggests trophies go to the most improved player, or the one who contributed most to the team spirit, as well as to those who play the best.

“The trophy has to stand for something,” Dweck told TFK. “If we give a trophy to everyone, then the award has no value.” Dweck argues that giving kids trophies for particular reasons, such as improving in a sport, teaches kids that adults value hard work and trying our best.

Others say that there's no harm in giving awards to all kids who play a sport, regardless of how they played or whether or not they improved.

“I think we should encourage kids' participation in sports,” says Kenneth Barish, a psychology professor at Weill Cornell Medical College, in New York City. “A trophy is one way to encourage kids' efforts.”

Barish argues that when we single out only the best or even the most improved players with a trophy, we are teaching kids the wrong lesson. We are sending the message that winning is everything. “Winning is only part of the equation (等式),” Barish told TFK. “Playing sports also teaches kids about teamwork and the importance of exercise.”

There will be plenty of opportunities for kids to learn about competition as they get older, says Barish. They'll soon realize that only one soccer team wins the World Cup and only one football team wins the Super Bowl. For now, he thinks there's nothing wrong with letting all kids who play a sport feel like winners. That means trophies for everyone.

1. According to Carol Dweck, which player should receive a trophy?

A．Tony, the most attractive player of the soccer team.

B．David, a soccer player who is both clever and funny.

C．Peter, who is ready to help his partners to score goals.

D．Jim, a soccer player who tries his best to win the game

2. Which of the following statements would Kenneth Barish agree with?

A．There is no sense in giving a trophy to everyone.

B．Kids fond of playing sports should be rewarded.

C．Kids should be given trophies for trying their best.

D．It is necessary to encourage kids' participation in sports.

3. The underlined phrase “single out” in Paragraph 6 probably means “________”．

A．honor	B．choose
C．value	D．stress

4. What is the best title of the passage?

A．Who deserves a trophy?	B．All kids deserve a trophy
C．What does a trophy deserve?	D．Best player deserves a trophy

6 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Up to 82 percent of children with healthy mothers are not easy to be obese（肥胖的）, according to research. A mother,     1     has a healthy weight, exercises regularly, eats a healthy diet, doesn’t smoke and only     2    (drink) wine in moderation, is significantly less likely     3    (have)a fat child, scientists say.

And research suggests it could be more to do with nurture(养育)    4     nature, as a mother's lifestyle appears     5    (direct) linked to the health of her child. When both mother and child follow a healthy lifestyle, the risk of obesity     6    (reduce)even more, the study of more than 24,000 children found.

The study examined the medical history and lifestyles of more than 24,000 children aged nine     7     fourteen, born to almost 17,000 women in the US. Researchers looked at the link between overall mother health and likelihood of a child     8    (be) obese.

The mother's health was judged on her height-to-weight ratio(比例), her diet, amount of physical     9    (active), smoking status and how much alcohol she drank. A healthy weight and diet, regular exercise, no smoking and moderate drinking all reduce the chance of a woman having     10     obese child.

7 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years     1    (long) than non-runners. You don't have to run fast or for long    2    (see)the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of     3     (die) early by running. While running regularly can't make you live forever, the review says it     4     (be) more effective at lengthening life    5     walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014    6    showed a mere five to 10 minutes A day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all     7    (cause).

The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise…   it's probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to    8    (strength)your leg muscles(肌肉),avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it's always    9    (energy).If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give    10    a try.

8 . If you are already making the time to exercise, it is good indeed! With such busy lives, it can be hard to try and find the time to work out.     1     Working out in the morning provides additional benefits beyond being physically fit.

Your productivity is improved. Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whatever is ahead of you for the day.     2    

Your metabolism(新陈代谢) gets a head start.     3     If you work out in the mornings, then you will be getting the calorie(卡路里) burning benefits for the whole day, not in your sleep.

    4     Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those who exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes you, so it is more difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep when you are very excited.

    5     If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day. Who would want to ruin their good workout by eating junk food? You will want to continue to focus on positive choices.

There are a lot of benefits to working out, especially in the mornings. Set your alarm clock an hour early and push yourself to work out! You will feel energized all day long.

A．You will stick to your diet.

B．Your quality of sleep improves.

C．You prefer healthy food to fast food.

D．There is no reason you should exercise in the morning.

E．You can keep your head clear for 4-10 hours after exercise.

F．After you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day.

G．If you are planning to do exercise regularly, or you’re doing it now, then listen up!