1 . The Upside to Being Outside
Research shows that being in nature makes people feel good, whether they’re roughing it in the wilderness for days or just hanging out at a local park for a while. One study was conducted in the city of Birmingham, Alabama. Researchers found that most participants’ mood and well-being improved significantly when they spent time in urban parks, even though the average visit was only around half an hour.
How does nature boost people’s happiness? Scientists say that spending time in natural settings reduces stress and anxiety, which benefits mental and physical health. Research shows our brains are more relaxed in natural settings.
To most people, it’s not news that nature can be calming. But multiple studies have found that spending time in nature also has some more surprising benefits, like improving creativity and problem-solving.
What accounts for the connection with cognition and creativity? It could be that a good dose of nature acts as a cure to information overload. Everyday life involves a lot of multitasking. Some scientists theorize that spending time in nature enables our brains to rest and recover from mental tiredness.
Naturally, scientific studies don’t cover everything that’s great about the great outdoors.
A.One study revealed that people were better at figuring out puzzles after a four-day camping trip. |
B.According to many scientific studies, there’s a good chance it’ll make you happier, healthier, and more creative. |
C.What’s more, the lift people get from nature is long lasting. |
D.Lots of people enjoy fun activities outside, like swimming, riding bikes, or climbing trees. |
E.When the only light you’ve seen all day is the glow of a screen, it might be a good idea to switch it off. |
F.This means that whether you’re studying or playing video games, heading outside to give your brain a break might help you get to the next level. |
G.So, kicking back in a park is a bit like treating your mind to a restful mini vacation. |
2 . Today with the urge for gender and racial equality, people are constantly debating on most subjects when it comes to either of these topics. One of the most debated topics is “Should sports teams be coed (男女都参加的)?”
First of all, the athletic differences between men and women would aid the teams.
Finally, being co-ed in sports teams increases the chances of women getting into college with a sports scholarship. The reasoning behind this is that the male part of sports has more attention on it, so men are more noticed.
A.Getting into a college is hard for girls. |
B.I personally believe sports should be co-ed. |
C.That idea could get them in trouble in the future. |
D.Surprisingly, co-ed sports lead to more heated discussions. |
E.Besides, kids will build relationships faster with the opposite gender. |
F.With teams coed, women probably have more attention put on them. |
G.Some people are against co-ed sports, for they think the athletic differences exist. |
3 . What is the best sport for your body type?
Just because someone has dreamt of playing football from childhood does not mean it is the best sport for him or her. Finding the sport your body is best suited to can make a big difference to how much you enjoy it and how good at it you are.
A person with an ectomorph body type is tall and slim with little fat or muscle. This person has narrow shoulders and hips, and thin arms and legs. Ectomorphs have difficulty putting on weight because of a fast metabolism (新陈代谢).
Mesomorph body types are the typical image of an athlete. Their arms and legs are muscular and they have broad shoulders and narrow hips. Mesomorphs can put on or lose weight easily and build muscle quickly.
A person who is an endomorph naturally carries more body fat. They are often short, with a high waist, and well developed upper arms and thighs.
It is important to note that the three body types are extremes. No one is 100% ectomorph or completely endomorph.
A.Everyone is a bit of a mix |
B.If you want to be a world champion |
C.If a person with this body type is very tall |
D.A person with this body type has more choice of sports |
E.For the same reason, it takes them longer to build muscle |
F.While it may seem that an endomorph will not be very athletic |
G.Endomorphs must work a little harder to maintain a perfect body weight |
4 . My boys have been on different sports teams for as long as I can remember.
This is an important lesson to learn from sports and carry into the future. Good coaches teach athletes to lose with dignity(尊严),and that there’s always a lesson to learn from each loss and failure.
Team sports teach kids hard work pays off.
Nothing worth having comes easy. Talent(天赋)plays a role in the early years, but as athletes grow, it’s the hard workers that rise to the top.
Team sports teach collaboration(合作).
Each person on the team has their own skills and characters. Coaches usually put players in different places to show their ability.
A.This teaches players how to work as a team |
B.Team sports help kids learn to accept failure |
C.Team sports teach that life is hard sometimes |
D.Practicing a skill you find difficult can be boring |
E.I feel proud as a mom when my kids score a goal |
F.Building confidence is easy when you have people around you |
G.Among soccer, basketball and baseball, we’ve done most team sports |
5 . If you like dangerous and exciting sports, maybe skydiving (跳伞) is for you. First skydivers jump from an airplane.
It’s difficult to see what skydivers do when you’re standing on the ground. Often, people fly in airplanes to make a tape of the skydivers.
If skydiving doesn’t sound fun to you, there are plenty of other sports.
A.You can always try surfing. |
B.Then, skydivers fall quickly toward the ground. |
C.It is the best choice for you to skydive or try surfing. |
D.With a video camera, the operator records their performances. |
E.It is not easy to jump out of the airplane when you are in the plane. |
F.Judges watch the skydivers and give them points for doing amazing things. |
G.The parachute helps slow the skydiver so he or she lands on the ground safe. |
6 . For the first time in 10 years, the United States government has changed its guidance on how much exercise people need to stay healthy and when they should start.
For children and teens
The new guidance states that the most important time for children to begin exercising is between the ages of 3 and 5.
Doctors say it is important to start young.They add that from birth to age 5, a child’s brain develops more than at any other time in life.
But that does not mean putting a small kid on a treadmill(跑步机)or other exercise equipment.
For adults
For adults, the guidelines recommend exercising 150 minutes a week. That could be walking, gardening, dancing, etc.
A.Any kind of activity that gets people exercising will do. |
B.Aerobic activity works only if it lasts for at least 10 minutes. |
C.Simply giving a kid the time and space to play actively is enough. |
D.Children above 5 can have a relatively shorter time for daily exercise. |
E.Children in this age range require about three hours’ active activities daily. |
F.Attaining the health benefits from exercise may be harder than earlier thought. |
G.These developments have a 1asting effect on a child’s ability to succeed in life. |