1 . Where do you usually put your toothbrush? Do you keep it in the bathroom? How’s your toothbrush looking these days? Even if you can’t see it with a naked eye, experts say it may be saturated(使饱和)with millions of toilet germs!
Dr. Charles Oerba, a germ expert, is a microbiology professor at the University of Arizona. He says there are approximately 3 million bacteria per square inch in most toilet bowls, and every time you flush it without closing the lid, those millions of bacteria droplets spray into the air as far as twenty feet away and dirty everything in their path. And a common victim is your poor toothbrush, usually, left out on the bathroom sink, right?
So, what do we do? Dr. Gerba says it’s easy. Close the toilet lid before you flush—that’ll greatly cut down the germs, which will otherwise float in the air. And wash your toothbrush every few days in mouthwash or peroxide to get rid of any germs hiding in it. You can even put it through the dishwasher to sanitize(消毒)it. And always store your toothbrush in a closed cabinet.
Here’s one more tip from Dr. Gerba, who says our kitchen sink is probably dirtier than our toilet. “If an alien came from space and studied the bacterial counts, he probably would conclude he should wash his hands in your toilet and go to the bathroom in your sink.” He says that’s because the kitchen sink is a great place where E. coli(大肠杆菌)to live and grow since it’s wet and damp. Bacteria feed on the food that people put down the drain or—that’s left on dishes in the sink. To reset your sink’s bacteria count back to zero, you’d better regularly wash it with hot water and sanitize your sink with special chemicals. In fact, you may want to do it every day or before preparing dinner.
1. What is the purpose of the text?| A．To show how to brush your teeth. |
| B．To tell people the importance of health. |
| C．To warn people of the invisible germs. |
| D．To introduce a microbiology professor. |
| A．Bathroom sinks are the dirtiest places. |
| B．Bacteria are bad for people’s health. |
| C．Why bacteria spread through the air. |
| D．How bacteria spread in the bathroom. |
| A．The food. | B．The toothbrush. |
| C．The sink. | D．The chemical. |
| A．To tell us a fiction story of an alien studying bacteria. |
| B．To show our kitchen sink may be dirtier than our toilet. |
| C．To teach us how to reset sink’s bacteria count back to zero. |
| D．To prove coli prefers to live in the kitchen and the drain. |
2 . “When people talk, listen completely.” Those words of Ernest Hemingway might be a pretty good guiding principle for many people.
Some firms use a technique known as a “listening circle” in which participants are encouraged to talk openly and honestly about the issues they face (such as problems with colleagues). In such a circle, only one person can talk at a time and there is no interruption. A study cited in the Harvard Business Review found that employees who had taken part in a listening circle suffered less social anxiety and had fewer worries about work-related matters than those who did not afterwards.
Listening has been critical to the career of Richard Mullender, who was a British police officer for 30 years. Eventually he became a negotiator. When he left the force, he realised that his skills might be applicable in the business world. So he set up a firm called the Listening Institute. Mr Mullender defines listening as “the identification, selection and interpretation of the key words that turn information into intelligence". It is crucial to all effective communication.
Plenty of people think that good listening is about nodding your head or keeping eye contact. But that is not really listening, Mr Mullender argues. A good listener is always looking for facts, emotions and indications of the speaker's values.
Another important point to bear in mind is that, when you talk, you are not listening. “Every time you share an opinion, you give out information about yourself," Mr Mullender says.
The lockdown has increased the need for managers to listen to workers, since the opportunities for casual conversation have dwindled. Mr Mullender thinks that many people have become depressed in their isolation (隔离),which can lead to stress and anger. He thinks there may be a business opportunity in helping managers listen more efficiently, so they can enhance employee well-being. After a year of isolation, many workers would probably love the chance to be heard.
1. What is the value of attending a “listening circle"?| A．Employees can relieve stress. | B．Managers give comfort to colleagues. |
| C．Employees may become more honest. | D．Managers can solve technology problems. |
| A．talking with speakers | B．keeping eyes communication |
| C．giving out your information | D．focusing on the analysis of speakers |
| A．Increased. | B．Promoted. | C．Shrank. | D．Disappeared. |
| A．The Definition of Listening | B．The Secret of Successful Listening |
| C．The Importance of Listening Circle | D．The Listening Principle for Managers |
3 . Robots have rolled into retail(零售), from free-moving machines in Giant Foods Stores to autonomous shelf-scanners in Walmart. They free up workers from routine tasks, but that's only the beginning.
The real benefit of retail robots is the opportunity to capture more data about the products on the shelves and customer buying patterns, which can increase efficiency and accuracy in stock management. The key is using retail robots as data-collectors within an internet-of-things (IoT), which creates an intelligent digital ecosystem by combining a complex network of connected devices, objects, and sensors gathering data. With robots in stores, retailers already have the beginnings of IoT solution. For example, Auchan Retail Portugal is launching autonomous shelf-monitoring technology in its supermarkets. As the robots move around the stores, they capture photos of every shelf, which are then put into digital form and turned into analysis about out-of-stock goods.
Such detailed data is incredibly valuable in retail. For traditional retailers, however, merely tracking what consumers purchase does not paint the entire picture. The real competitive advantage for retailers comes in knowing what they couldn't purchase but wanted to. That's where robots come in.
In the not-too-distant future, robots may be able to do more than those. Consider a retail robot scanning grocery store and detecting that supplies of sugar-free peanut butter are decreasing at twice the rate of regular peanut butter. That real-time discovery then activates an automated(自动的) order for more sugar-free peanut butter to be sent to a specific store.
As product cycles speed up, retailers will need to become even faster in identifying micro-trends in consumer behavior to produce, distribute, and supply the goods and services that customers want right now. The key to it may be a robot walking around freely, bringing data from the consumer into the data management system in the cloud.
1. The retail robots are mainly used to________.| A．distribute tasks to workers | B．collect sales information |
| C．take pictures of customers | D．analyze digital signals |
| A．By tracking purchasing trends. | B．By monitoring the workers. |
| C．By changing information into analysis. | D．By creating an intelligent ecosystem. |
| A．Draw the whole picture. | B．Capture all data needed. |
| C．Provide all necessary information. | D．Imagine everything might happen. |
| A．The product circles will speed up. | B．Companies will produce more goods. |
| C．Customers can access data in the cloud. | D．Stock management will become automatic. |
4 . Chimps use loud calls and gestures to make their feelings known but until now, the exact meaning for individual movements has remained a mystery. Now researchers believe they have translated the key gestures used in the chimp community and identified their intentions for the first time.
From 4,351 gestures, experts were able to identify 66 that are used for 19 specific message meanings, including showing a foot to tell a child they can climb on their back. The researchers were able to narrow down these 66 gestures to 36 that are used intentionally to achieve 15 purposes. The translations were made by Dr Catherine Hobaiter and her colleagues at St Andrews University in Scotland.
Dr Hobaiter used behavior sampling and filmed all recorded cases of gestural communication. Other gestures include stomping their feet to ask another chimp to stop what they are doing, and slapping objects together to ask another to follow them. Of the 19 meanings,17 encouraged interactions to start, or to develop, such as “move closer,” and “change play”. Some of the gestures were found to have more than one meaning. and only 10 of the 66 gestures were used for only a single meaning.
Researchers collected a total of 471 video clips from two social groups of chimps at a shelter near Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo. As well as identifying what the gesture means, they also discovered the technique needed to increase the chances of success.
“Human children use gestures to communicate before they produce their first words, and their earliest gestures typically appear around 10 months of age,” explained the researchers. “In great apes, there is good evidence that language-trained individuals are capable of acquiring and understanding signals, but this is far less clear in their natural communication. ”
1. Chimps slap the objects to____________.| A．tell others to stop what they are doing | B．ask others chimps to join them |
| C．gather other chimps to move closer | D．encourage interactions to start |
| A．Chimps trained in language are good at understanding signals. |
| B．Two social groups of chimps live at a shelter near Kinshasa. |
| C．Language-trained individuals do well in natural communication. |
| D．Chimps’earliest gestures appear around 10 months of age. |
| A．By analyzing causes. | B．By examining differences. |
| C．By making comparisons. | D．By following time order. |
| A．A New Research on Chimps | B．Human Children and Chimps |
| C．Getting the Chimps Trained for Language | D．Translating the Sign Language of Chimps |
5 . Nextdoor，an online social network for neighbors，says it has attracted $60 million from early backers of technology giants，Google，Amazon and Facebook.
The new investment，1ed by venture firm Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers and investment firm Tiger Global Management，values Nextdoor at more than $500 million，said a person familiar with the matter.
Nextdoor members make Facebook-style postings，giving or seeking recommendations for services such as babysitters and yard maintenance or local retailers and restaurants. They also post about community issues such as parking，crime and safety，or items for sale or loan.
The investment sum emphasizes the appeal of businesses that can tap into the growing use of mobile devices，as well as social networking. Perhaps the best current example is Twitter，which is preparing for an initial public offering that values the company at up to about $11 billion.
“We’re all spending more time with our screens，more engaged，but I think data shows we’re less connected，”said John Doerr of Kleiner Perkins，mentioning his own experience of knowing few of his neighbors. Nextdoor，with its ability to introduce neighbors to each other，helps people regain the sense of connection，he said.
Early next year，Nextdoor plans to expand to Canada，followed by Great Britain，Australia，and South Africa，chief executive Nirav Tolia said. While Nextdoor has not yet have made any profit after two years of operations，Tolia said he is not worried.
“If we look at the great companies at this stage，none of them started to monetize this early in their evolution. ”Tolia said. “It’s all about getting the product right. ”Eventually，Nextdoor plans to tap into local advertising，he said.
Nextdoor is currently used in 22，527 neighborhoods across the United States，up from 5，694 a year ago. Including the latest funding round，it has raised just over $100 million.
1. What attitude do the early backers of technology grant hold towards Nextdoor?| A．They doubt its value. |
| B．They think poorly of it. |
| C．They are in favor of it. |
| D．They are worried about it. |
| A．Its members. | B．Its service. |
| C．Its value. | D．Its location. |
| A．To support his viewpoint. |
| B．To post an advertisement. |
| C．To introduce a network. |
| D．To make a public offer. |
| A．Curious. | B．Upset. | C．Cautious. | D．Optimistic. |
6 . Personal Time Off(PTO)is something my wife and I created after having kids. We learned that，over time，a full life can leave little time for personal rest and for reflection，hanging out with friends，or just being“off. ”So，after a number of years，we make a change. If I can persuade you to take your own PTO，then these might help.
■Schedule it
First of all，one of our favorite family sayings is“schedule it. ”Sounds easy enough，but life gets complicated managing full-time work and full-time family. Put your PTO time on the calendar and you make it a real thing.
■Be flexible and strict
If you can schedule PTO at the same time each week，then all the better. Because our calendar can get rather full，flexibility in scheduling becomes a necessity. But being strict in actually taking the time each week is more important. Skipping it once makes it easier to skip again.
■Take enough time
My typical PTO lasts a couple of hours or longer. Sometimes it might be half the day depending on what I’m doing. The goal is to spend enough time away to 1et your shoulders drop.
■Do what you want to do
Remember，PTO time is about personal time to do what you want to do，not what you have to do. PTO time is about relaxation. Grab a friend and get a beer. Work can wait until tomorrow.
1. What can be the first step to take the PTO?| A．Persuade the family. |
| B．Have a personal rest. |
| C．Ask friends for advice. |
| D．Make a time plan. |
| A．Get you more focused. |
| B．Have you feel relaxed. |
| C．Shake your shoulders often. |
| D．Make you feel more stressed. |
| A．Tips on how to take your time off |
| B．Skills to manage work and family |
| C．Advice on how to free yourself |
| D．Ways of scheduling your work |
7 . Volunteers Wanted!
City of Sunrise Police Department volunteers serve the community while learning more about law administration and making new friends. Volunteers act in a variety of roles - such as providing administrative assistance to the Department, greeting visitors at the Public Safety Complex, and lending a hand at special events. Please review the Sunrise Police Department Volunteer Program Application or call (954) 746-3370 for general information regarding the Department’s volunteer opportunities.
The Department also offers residents an opportunity to participate in the Citizens Volunteer Patrol (CVP). The CVP is designed to reduce crime by having citizens guard their own neighborhoods and report any suspecting or criminal activity to the police. Qualified participants must be 21 years of age or older. For more information, contact PSA Arnie Axelrodat at (954) 746-3770.
Other specialized volunteer programs within the Sunrise Police Department include:
Seniors and Lawmen Together (SALT) Council. SALT is comprised of retired leaders working in cooperation with public safety and elder affairs professionals. Through education and communication, SALT tries to reduce the criminal victimization of older citizens and enhance the delivery of law administration services to seniors. For more information, please call (954) 746-3384.
Police Explorers. This program provides a means through which young men and women aged 14 to 20 may decide, by means of actual experience, whether they would like to pursue a law administration career. The Explorer program focuses on community service and citizen involvement. For more information, please call (954) 746-3376.
1. What can City of Sunrise Police Department volunteers do?| A．Giving law assistance to the Department. |
| B．Greeting visitors in community centre. |
| C．Offering general information to the police. |
| D．Providing help at special events. |
| A．A 21-year-old law graduate. |
| B．A businessman living in the City of Sunrise. |
| C．A retired leader expert in public safety. |
| D．Teenagers pursuing a career in law. |
| A．(954) 746-3370. | B．(954) 746-3770. | C．(954) 746-3384. | D．(954) 746-3376. |
8 . This semester, our university will invite distinguished experts for a series of free musical discussions, performance and lectures, subjects covering historical musicology, music theory, music business and sociology of music. You, from any major, have access to the following four in March and April.
Harmonic Schemata and Hypermeter
● March 19, 1:30 PM - 3:30 PM
●Virtual lecture presented through Zoom
It is a presentation by Michael Haas, a multiple Grammy Award-winning recording producer. This talk is open to the entire university community, but registration is required. .
Travelogue
●March 20, 7:30 PM- 9:00 PM
●CCM's website, YouTube channel or Facebook page
Travelogue is a 90-minute long virtual performance by the CCM Ballet Ensemble. It can let us visit people, communities, myths, legends and memorial moments in the city's history, allowing the audience to travel without moving.
COVID Etudes
●March 26- 28, 5:30 PM-6:30 PM
●CCM's website, YouTube channel or Facebook page
Presented in combination with the concert streams, the COVID Etudes shows three complete sets of compositions by Franz Liszt, Claude Debussy and William Bolcom, performed by CCM students. It aims to cheer up students as well as citizens to battle the pandemic(疫情).
Conversations in Music
●April 3rd-4th, 6:00 PM-8:30 PM
●Held virtually via Zoom
The conference will include pre-recorded video presentations and live interactive sessions held virtually by performers Daniel Goldmark and Jennifer Beavers. It is designed to engage all students in the university.
1. When can you enjoy the city's historical culture online?| A．On March 1 9th. | B．On March 20th. |
| C．On March 26th. | D．On April 3rd. |
| A．It is open to all students. | B．It is held in a concert hall. |
| C．It invites three artists to perform. | D．It inspires people to fight Coronavirus. |
| A．COVID Etudes. | B．Travelogue. |
| C．Conversations in Music. | D．Harmonic Schemata and Hypermeter. |
9 . Accompanied by her father, using a combination of aid and free climbing and taking advantage of some special equipment and ropes for protection, 10-year-old Selah made it to the top of El Capitan on June 12 after five days of big wall climbing.
Climbing the challenging and adventurous Nose route of El Capitan was a labor of love for Selah in more than one way. Her parents , Mike and Joy Schneiter, fell in love on this 3,000- plus-foot huge rock and she has always wanted to feel the way that her parents felt when they were up there together. Selah showed great interest in rock climbing at an early age. She wore her first rock-climbing equipment shortly after she learned to walk. She first dreamed of climbing El Capitan when she was 6 or 7.
El Capitan is a famous mountain-sized rock in Yosemite National Park. Getting to its top is no easy task. It's taller, as reported, than the tallest building in the world-Dubai’s Buri Khalifa. El Capitan and its difficult Nose route, which runs more than 3,000 feet high up the center of the rock's face, is considered one of the world's hardest big wall climbs and has attracted the best climbers over time. But never before had a youngster accomplished it.
Selah's achievement caught national attention. Outside Magazine called her the youngest documented person to climb the Nose. Ken Yager, president of the Yosemite Climbing Association, said he also couldn't think of anyone younger who has done it.
Selah is humble about her El Capitan accomplishment. "I'm not necessarily a special kid or anything like that, she said. "There were a few times when I would be so worn that it would kind of discourage me from holding on. But overall, it was just great to keep plugging away.”
Selah shared this advice for other young climbers dreaming of big walls, "It doesn't take necessarily a super special person to do something like that. You just have to put your mind to it.”
1. What do we learn about Selah climbing El Capitan?| A．She began her climbing on June 5. |
| B．She got inspired by her family history. |
| C．She managed without any external help. |
| D．She was the first female to reach the top. |
| A．To state El Capitan's height. |
| B．To prove El Capitan's popularity. |
| C．To introduce El Capitan's location. |
| D．To stress the challenge of climbing El Capitan. |
| A．Determined. | B．Generous. |
| C．Warm-hearted. | D．Fortunate. |
| A．Dream big and aim high. |
| B．Be committed to your ambition. |
| C．Chance favors the prepared mind. |
| D．Nothing is impossible for a genius. |
10 . There are around 400,000 students in London. As university can be a costly time, many of these students will want to look for part-time work. Here are 4 relatively easy jobs to bag yourself in London and ensure a bit of pocket money through your university experience.
Waitressing
It is not hard to find waitressing jobs since London has an abundance of pubs and eateries. Gumtree and Indeed are good places for such opportunities. Hospitality UK and Next door are other great websites. However, as many of these positions are advertised on the windows of restaurants and pubs, going inside and asking the staff there about the positions is a much better idea. This will also demonstrate you as active and confident. Rates are around £12--15 an hour.
Mystery (神秘)shopping
It may not have you laughing to the bank but it's extra pocket money. You go at any time as a regular customer and check out the services that the business provides. You report back to the client and they will pay for your purchases alongside £5 —10.
Care Assistant
For those who have a heart of gold and want to help, caring is the way. There's a huge demand for people to spend your free time with elderly people or help people with disabilities. It can be cooking meals or making sure they're taking their medicine on time.
Receptionist
If you're a good communicator and can act professionally, a receptionist might be a great opportunity for you, which will help you build administrative skills and experience. Receptionist jobs are available at doctors surgeries, dentists, gyms, large offices and more.
1. Which is the preferable way to land a waitressing job?| A．Referring to Gumtree. | B．Surfing Next door. |
| C．Inquiring about positions in person, | D．Contacting advertisement company. |
| A．Amusing bank staff. | B．Working at fixed times. |
| C．Making purchases for clients, | D．Feeding back service quality. |
| A．Waitressing. | B．Mystery shopping. |
| C．Care Assistant. | D．Receptionist. |
