1 . True, people remember what you wear. After a social event, we all remember the woman in red, or the man with the top hat. On the red carpet, Hollywood hopefuls take advantage of this reality by wearing outfits designed to be discussed and displayed on the front pages of newspapers. But in terms of making a good impression, being memorable is not just about novelty or fashion, but attraction, both physical and emotional, often in opposite order of importance.
In a 2020 study, Andre Ndobo found people tended to remember the extremes: both attractive and unattractive faces. He acknowledged that one suggested explanation was that both are characterized by distinctive features that promote facial recognition when compared with faces of average attractiveness. But while distinctiveness is memorable, beauty is skin deep. Accordingly, the way you are remembered by others is often not about what you wear and how you look but about the way you make people feel.
Professional interaction can create positive personal memories. Adrie A. Koehler, in a piece entitled “In the Eye of the Beholder” (2017), found that when asked to recall their best learning experience, many students discussed a memorable teacher. What made the teachers memorable? According to the students, memorable qualities included not only teaching styles, but also interpersonal skills and positive qualities such as a sense of humor.
We can relate to the results of this study when recalling people who are memorable in our own lives. They are not always people who we believed to be the smartest or most believed, but often those who made us feel the most comfortable, and who were most interested in us. Sincere interest is uniquely attractive. Not only will you remember what someone said, but they will also remember you, fondly.
Regardless of what we wear or how we look, we are always naturally more appealing and approachable when we focus on others and when we are genuine rather than simply sociable. Remember that, and others will remember you.
1. The Hollywood hopefuls are mentioned to show ________.| A．the competition on the red carpet | B．people’s attempt to be remembered |
| C．people’s wrong belief about impression | D．the importance of clothing in one’s success |
| A．It creates positive memories. | B．There’s something special with it. |
| C．It makes people feel uncomfortable. | D．People often try hard to avoid seeing it. |
| A．Smart people are especially attractive. |
| B．Teaching styles impress students most. |
| C．The best learning experience is hard to gain. |
| D．Sincere attention is useful in communication. |
| A．You Are What You Wear | B．Mind the Impression You Make |
| C．How Can We Improve Our Self-image? | D．What do People Remember about You? |
2 . In a new study, shark researchers working off the eastern coast of New Zealand have found that three species of deep-sea shark are bioluminescent （生物性发光的），producing a soft blue-green light with specialized cells in their skin.
One of the species, the kitefin shark, grows to a length of nearly six feet, making it the largest known bioluminescent animal. The other two species are somewhat smaller than the kitefin, and all are occasionally caught as unintended by-catch by fishers. None are considered in danger of extinction, but little is known about their lifestyles and biology.
Bioluminescence had previously been documented in only around a dozen shark species, so this discovery significantly adds to our knowledge,,, says Jerome Mallefet, lead author of the new study.
In the deep sea, where scientists estimate three-quarters of all creatures are bioluminescent, having the ability to create light can be extremely advantageous. In the depths of the ocean, which receives minimal amounts of sunlight, bioluminescent animals can hide themselves from enemies by producing enough light to match their surroundings. All three species examined in this study have large concentrations of photocytes （发光细 胞）on their undersides, which suggests that these sharks may hide from enemies in just this way.
"The discovery that these three species produce light is not surprising", says David Ebert, director of the Pacific Shark Research Center. That's because researchers think many more species of sharks are likely capable of producing light一Mallefet estimates that perhaps 10 percent of the 540 known species of sharks are bioluminescent. But Ebert thinks even this is far from the truth. "As the deep-sea shark research advances, that number will go even higher," he says.
Both Ebert and Mallefet hope that more attention will be paid to deep-sea sharks in the future, as the creatures and their habitat are understudied and under threat. "A lot of people know that sharks can bite," says Mallefet, "but few people know that they can produce light in the dark. ”
1. What do we know about the bioluminescent shark species?| A．They were quite difficult to catch, |
| B．They preferred to live in the dark. |
| C．They were considered to be endangered. |
| D．They were little known about before the study. |
| A．The function of bioluminescence. | B．The significance of the discovery. |
| C．The terrible surroundings in the sea. | D．The usual activities of sea creatures. |
| A．Agreeable. | B．Scientific. | C．Inaccurate. | D．Inspirational. |
| A．More people will study sharks. |
| B．Deep-sea sharks will grow in number. |
| C．Deep-sea sharks will receive more attention. |
| D．More bioluminescent animals will be found. |
3 . The over 48,000 orange trees that are distributed at all corners of Seville, Spain, not only fill the city's air with the pleasant smell of their flowers in spring, they also produce over 16, 500 tons of fruit every winter. Though that makes the city Europe's top orange-producing city, the fruit is too sour to be consumed fresh. While some of the produce is used to make orange juice, most of it ends up in Seville's landfills. However, that may change soon thanks to a creative idea to use the oranges to produce clean energy.
In the pilot program, juice from 38. 6 tons of oranges will be left to ferment (发酵)in an existing biogas facility. The juice is fructose (果糖)made up of very short carbon chains, and the energetic performance of these carbon chains during the fermentation process is particularly high. The gas released from the fermented liquid will be used to drive a generator to produce clean power. The officials estimate the test run will generate about 1,500 kWh of energy—enough to run a water purification plant. "It's not just about saving money. The oranges are a problem for the city, and we're producing added value from waste,M said Benigno Lopez, the head of Emasesa's environmental department.
If successful, by 2023, the city hopes to recycle all the oranges and add the electricity generated back to its grid (电网). In trial runs, 1,000 kilos (2,200 pounds) of oranges produced 50 kWh of clean energy一enough to meet the daily electricity needs of five homes. The project team estimates that if all the fruit is recycled, it will produce enough energy to power as many as 73,000 residences.
The latest effort is among the many programs implemented in Spain to achieve the country's goal of switching its electricity system to renewable sources by 2050—and if everything goes according to plan, fully decarbonizing its economy shortly after that.
1. What problem does Seville face?| A．It is short of energy. | B．Most oranges are wasted. |
| C．Fruit production is falling. | D．Trees take up much space. |
| A．Fructose. | B．Carbon chains. | C．Clean power. | D．Gas. |
| A．Conducted. | B．Assumed. | C．Popularized. | D．Completed. |
| A．To prove a theory. | B．To raise a problem. |
| C．To introduce a project. | D．To comment on an idea. |
4 . The Bureau of Labor Statistics recommends some high-paying jobs.
Construction and Building Inspector
Construction and building inspectors inspect construction sites and buildings to make sure that the structures meet all requirements. Many construction and building inspectors have a certificate from a local or community college, although others have a two-year associate's degree instead.
Salary: about $ 70,710 per year
Web Developer
Web developers design and develop websites. They create the look of the site and handle the website's performance, speed, and capacity. Web developers might work for computer system design companies, or for marketing firms or departments, or be self-employed. While some web developers have an associate's degree in web design, others have a certificate in web development instead.
Salary: about $ 63,760 per year
Architectural and Civil Drafter
An architectural and civil drafter creates drawings of the structural features of buildings, or creates maps of civil engineering projects. Most drafters have training in computer-aided design and drafting (CADD), engineering, mechanical drawing, and other design and engineering skills. This training can be from a certificate program, a two-year program, or even a four-year program.
Salary: about $ 56,830 per year
Sheet Metal Worker
A sheet metal worker constructs and/or installs products made of thin sheet metal. This work might involve measuring and marking dimensions on sheets, drilling holes in sheets, carrying large sheets, and so on. Sheet metal workers learn their work through a certificate program from a technical school.
Salary: about $ 50,400 per year
1. Which job provides the highest income according to the text?| A．Construction and Building Inspector. | B．Web Developer. |
| C．Architectural and Civil Drafter. | D．Sheet Metal Worker. |
| A．They inspect websites. | B．They are good at marketing. |
| C．They can be self-employed. | D．They need CADD training. |
| A．Engineering skills. |
| B．Computer knowledge. |
| C．A certificate or a degree. |
| D．Technical school experience. |
5 . More than a billion people around the world have smart phones, almost all of which come with some kind of navigation app such as Apple Maps or Amap. This raises the age-old question we meet with any technology: What abilities is our brain losing to these apps? But also, importantly: What abilities are we gaining?
Talking with people who are good at finding their way around or good at using paper maps, I often hear a lot of annoyance with digital maps. North/south direction gets messed up, and you can see only a small section at a time. I can really understand that it may be quite disturbing for the already skilled to be limited to a small phone screen.
But consider what digital navigation aids have meant for someone like me. Although being a frequent traveler, I'm so terrible at finding my way that I still use Apple Maps almost every day in the small town where I have lived for many years.
In many developed nations, street names and house numbers can be meaningful, and instructions such as go north for three blocks and──then west’’ make sense to those familiar with these rules. In Istanbul, however, where I grew up, none of those hold true. For one thing, the locals seldom use street names. Besides, the city is full of winding and ancient alleys(小巷) that cross with newer avenues at many angles. In such places, you’d better turn to the locals. In the countryside, however, there is often nobody outside to ask. In fact, along came Apple Maps, like a fairy grandmother whispering directions in my ear. Since then, I travel with a lot more confidence, and my world has opened up.
Which brings me back to my original question: While we often lose some skills after depending on new technology, this new equipment may also allow us to gain new abilities. Maybe when technology closes a door, we should also look for the doors it opens.
1. Why do people who are skilled at reading paper maps feel upset?| A．They are interested in reading paper maps, |
| B．They don’t know how to use navigation, apps. |
| C．They are limited to a single smart phone app. |
| D．They are confused by digital maps’ direction. |
| A．Asking local people the way. |
| B．Following the navigation app. |
| C．Getting familiar with the city rules. |
| D．Looking for street names and house numbers. |
| A．Cautious | B．Ambiguous |
| C．Favorable | D．Critical |
| A．Benefits of Navigation Apps |
| B．Disadvantages of Navigation Apps |
| C．My World Opens Up by New Technology |
| D．Have Navigation Apps Worsened Our Brain? |
6 . Sea urchins(海胆) are small creatures , but what’s really remarkable about them is that they eat anything that happens to float by. They have really sharp teeth they use to rid rocks of algae(海藻)which makes them pretty valuable especially in places like Hawaii where algae are threatening the coral reefs. In the summer of 2019, 500,000 of them were used to deal with the algae.
The problem started when non-native algae were introduced to the ecosystem of Kaneohe Bay in the 1970s. Because they had no enemies, they ended up taking over the bay, according to the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS). The algae blocked sunlight from reaching the coral, which in turn affected the local fish because they changed the chemistry of the water.
That’s when the NMFS turned to sea urchins that loved to devour the algae. But they had to grow to the size of a cherry tomato before they could be used. Since 2011, sea urchins have been grown and used to handle the algae problem. Some of the funds are available due to an unfortunate incident. In 2005, a ship was grounded on a shallow reef near Kaneohe Bay. When the ship was removed, 20 acres of reefs have been damaged. When there is environmental damage, the NMFS and other agencies receive funds from the wrongdoers and the funds are used to restore the damage. Some funds were spent on other projects like the sea urchins. The state of Hawaii began to grow the sea urchins. When they are large enough, divers carefully place them on the reef.
Algae isn’t the only thing that threatens the coral reefs. Climate change and the effects of fishing and tourism in the area also endanger the coral reefs. But turning to sea urchins instead of man-made solutions seems like the best way to go.
1. Why are sea urchins regarded as outstanding creatures?| A．They are tiny but have teeth. |
| B．They can keep the ocean clean. |
| C．They can remove harmful algae. |
| D．They grow on coral reefs with algae. |
| A．They helped the coral reefs to survive. |
| B．They spread to every corner of the bay. |
| C．They didn't fit in with the new surroundings. |
| D．They fought against other species to get food. |
| A．Eat | B．Block |
| C．Attack | D．Attract |
| A．Banning fishing and tourism. | B．Relying on humans’ solutions. |
| C．Employing divers to handle algae. | D．Letting nature take care of nature. |
7 . On Hoxton Street in East London there is a very special children’s writing and mentoring(辅导) center called the Ministry of Stories, which is fronted by its shop , Hoxton Street Monster(怪兽) Supplies, where you can expect to find monster food. The store raises funds for this very special program that fires children’s imagination.
The youth aged 8 to 18 enter the Ministry, through a secret door that is designed to open a world of opportunity by encouraging a love for writing. The organization believes that, “Writing increases self-respect, improves communication and can change lives.” That’s because writing allows children’s voices to be heard.
This year, the workshop is celebrating 10 years of helping children discover a love for writing through creative programs. Founded by Lucy Macnab, Ben Payne and best-selling author Nick Hornby, the organization works with around 1,000 children per year participating in schools, and community programs across Hackney, Islington, and Tower Hamlets. It now has over 400 volunteers and runs its program free of charge for the youth of the areas.
“Through a range of creative writing programs, and one-to-one mentoring, we aim to help young people find their own qualities that can be developed,” Macnab told The Telegraph. “We build confidence, self-respect, and communication skills in both workshops for schools and out of school writing clubs.”
One 10-year participant, Nmeso, said that the weekly after-school club he attends at the Ministry has helped him grow his imagination and improve his academic performance. In fact, he was able to move up a grade in school. What’s even more remarkable is that Nmeso has had a story he wrote published ── along with other writers in the program ──titled Andre Has a Hard Time .This is Nmeso’s success story.
1. What is the function of Hoxton Street Monster Supplies?| A．Advertising the mentoring center. |
| B．Supporting the Ministry of Stories. |
| C．Attracting young children to come. |
| D．Arousing children's interest in food. |
| A．To prove the program is popular. |
| B．To suggest writing is vital for children. |
| C．To attract readers’ attention to the center. |
| D．To show the value of running the program. |
| A．To give the children a better future. |
| B．To help discover the children’s potential. |
| C．To help the children express opinions. |
| D．To develop the children’s writing skills. |
| A．He is ten years old this year. |
| B．He’s got his own book published. |
| C．He has benefitted a lot from the program. |
| D．He becomes very famous as a young writer. |
8 . We look ahead to London’s art and exhibition openings and select the must ─ see shows.
Double science
It’s a big month for the Science Museum, with a new gallery and an exhibition opening. The Science City gallery tells the story of London between 1550 and 1800 when major scientific breakthroughs were happening across the city──from Newton’s laws of physics to the birth of microscopes allowing us to see the tiny creatures that live among us. If that isn’t enough, there’s also an exhibition on how art and science have worked closely together over the centuries and continue to do so today.
Science City 1550──1800: The Linbury Gallery at the Science Museum. Opens 12 September──13 October, free.
The Art of Innovation: From Enlightenment to Dark Matter at the Science Museum. 25 September──26 January, free but ticketed.
Are you worried yet?
We all suffer from anxiety. Artists look into this through artworks that bring to light their own anxieties or how people living with anxiety manage. The exhibition also covers what anxiety would look like if it could be visualised in light or sound──something we imagine to be impossible.
On Edge: Living in an Age of Anxiety at Science Gallery. 19 September──19 January, free.
Climbing the walls
No artist has made a bigger career out of placing sculptures of human figures all over the place. Antony Gormley, the artist behind the Angel of the North and sculptures standing all over London, takes over the Royal Academy of Arts with a blockbusting(轰动一时的) exhibition. This is the hot art ticket in town.
Antony Gormley at Royal Academy of Arts. 21 October──3 December, £18──22.
1. What is on show in the Science City gallery?| A．Some of the greatest physicists. |
| B．The stories of the London development. |
| C．The prediction of the future science. |
| D．Some of the great achievements in history. |
| A．The Art of Innovation. | B．On Edge. |
| C．Royal Academy of Arts. | D．Science City 1550 ─ 1800. |
| A．In January. | B．In September. |
| C．In October. | D．In December. |
9 . Recently I rolled into a local restaurant to try an Impossible Burger, an all-plant patty(人造肉饼) invented by Impossible Foods. It's well known for having an strangely chewy(有咀嚼感), even bloody, meat-like quality, a surprising verisimilitude(逼真) that has made it ''perhaps the country's most famous burger, '' as New York magazine wrote. One bite into its wonderful, smoky taste and, damn, I was convinced.
This is good news, because the time has come to consume fake meat. In the fight against climate change, meat replacement is something we can try. A University of Oxford study recently found that, to keep global warming below 2 degrees this century, we need to be eating 75 percent less beef and 90 percent less pork.
However, diets are culturally enshrined, so changing them will be hard. It isn't easy to replace 75 to 90 percent of beef and pork with fake meat. The first taste of an Impossible Burger—a moment when low expectations work a powerful magic in the product's favor—is one thing. But how do you keep meat-eaters asking for more after their sixth, and their 26th？
To get to true mass adoption, fake meat will need to compete favorably with the real thing on multiple fronts. Impossible Foods' goal is to drive the price of its product below that of Safeway's 80/20 hamburger meat, at which point people will simply vote with their wallets. The new industry also wants to improve on animal flesh in various ways. Fake meat has an advantage over traditional meat because ''you won't need to refrigerate it'' cofounder Niko Koffeman says. Plus, custom(定制的) production could improve choice. ''You could have very soft and tender meat for elderly people,'' Koffeman adds. ''You could have a tailored meat for whatever you need.''
You can tell the world is shifting this way, because the ranchers(牧场主) are nervous. Last year, the US Cattlemen's Association asked the government to define ''meat'' as a product ''coming directly from animals.'' That anxiety—and the power of the science driving it—goes to show that this grand shift isn't impossible.
1. According to passage, the author was convinced by the Impossible Burger because__.| A．it has a special taste that is different from normal ones. |
| B．it contains all non-meat materials that taste like meat. |
| C．more vegetables are used as main materials for the burger. |
| D．one bite of this burger can provide people with the energy needed for a whole day. |
| A．That people think their diet is the best in the world. |
| B．That people are unwilling to go against their culture by changing their diets. |
| C．That people's preference for food is linked to the food choice available to them. |
| D．That people's eating habits are consistently observed and closely connected with their culture. |
| A．Fake meat will not be necessarily stored in a refrigerator. |
| B．The price of fake meat will be just one-fourth of traditional meat's. |
| C．Fake meat will win over older people thanks to its tender and soft taste. |
| D．Fake meat will own a taste that is not found in traditional meat. |
| A．Meat must come from animals. |
| B．The world will probably embrace the idea of fake meat. |
| C．The ranchers are suffering economic loss due to fake meat. |
| D．The definition of meat has been changed because of fake meat. |
10 . Growing up, I thought math class was something to be endured, not enjoyed. I disliked memorizing formulas(公式) and taking tests, all for the dull goal of getting a good grade. One of my teachers told my mother that I was “slow”. But my problem wasn't with math itself. In fact, when a topic seemed particularly interesting, I would go to the library and read more about it.
By high school, no one told me that I could become a professional mathematician. What I wanted to do then was to play college football. My ambition was to get an athletic scholarship to attend a Big Ten school.
The chances of that happening were very low. But that didn’t stop my coaches from encouraging me to believe I could reach my goal, and preparing and pushing me to work for it. They made video tapes of my performances and sent them to college coaches around the country. In the end, a Big Ten school, Penn State, did offer me a scholarship.
I wish math teachers were more like football coaches. Students are affected by more than just the quality of a lesson plan. They also respond to the passion of their teachers and the engagement of their peers, and they seek a sense of purpose. They benefit from specific instructions and constant feedback(反馈).
Until I got to college, I didn't really know what mathematics was. I still thought of it as laborious(耗时费力的) calculations. Then my professor handed me a book and suggested that I think about a particular problem. It wasn't easy, but it was fascinating. My professor kept giving me problems, and I kept pursuing them, even though I couldn’t always solve them immediately. The mathematical research I was doing had little in common with what I did in my high school classrooms. Instead, it was closer to the math and logic puzzles I did on my own as a boy. It gave me that same sense of wonder and curiosity, and it rewarded creativity. I am now a Ph. D candidate in mathematics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
1. Why did the writer think math class in school was “something to be endured” before entering college?| A．Because he wasn’t interested in math. |
| B．Because his math teachers didn't care to push him. |
| C．Because he was too smart and talented for math class. |
| D．Because he was training hard for an athletic scholarship. |
| A．a sense of purpose | B．constant feedback |
| C．passion | D．specific instructions |
| A．was busy looking for math problems to solve |
| B．studied on his own just as he was in high school |
| C．met with laborious calculations in his studies |
| D．began to realize what mathematics really is |
| A．Interest is the best teacher |
| B．Be the best—you can make it |
| C．Math, taught like football |
| D．Once your teacher, always your teacher |
