1 . Not all vegetables need lots of sunshine. Mark Hoffman and his wife own a bed-and -breakfast guesthouse in rural Kempton, Illinois. They often serve their guests fresh products from the garden.
The Hoffmans have been growing food and flowers for twenty-five years. For almost ten of those years, Mr. Hoffman has been experimenting and working with shade (阴凉) plantings. He says, “The bottom line here is that most plants will produce more in full sun. But if you do not have full sun, there are other choices.”
For example, he grows tomatoes near oak trees. Oak trees can produce a lot of shade. But Mr. Hoffman says his tomato plants grow as long as they get five hours a day of direct sunshine, especially morning sun. Not only does this go against the traditional advice that tomatoes need six，eight，even twelve hours a day of full sun, it also shows how plants and trees roots can share nutrients and water．Mr. Hoffman also planted asparagus（芦笋）around a tree at its drip line，the area below the outer limit of the branches. So when it rains，all the rain drips down right on the asparagus．Mr. Hoffman says plants with wider leaves seem to do better in shady environments. He also found that his potatoes did better partly in shade than in full sun.
Moving them out of the sun helped control an insect problem. Mr. Hoffman does not use pesticide (农药). Instead, he planted the potatoes in the shade, especially on the east side of the tree. The potatoes get morning sun, but they are shaded during the hottest part of the day. Some insects dislike shade, and the hottest part day is when they do the worst of their damage.
Time of day, sun intensity (强度), shadows from trees, walls and buildings all influence how much sunlight falls on plants. And people interested in shade planting should also remember something else. The term “shade” can describe different amounts of darkness. It can even mean different things in different parts of the world.
1. What’s the author’s purpose of writing the passage?| A．To present a kind of eco-friendly lifestyle. |
| B．To recommend an approach to manage a website |
| C．To show vegetables can be planted in the shade. |
| D．To introduce Mark Hoffman and his family. |
| A．five hours a day | B．Six hours a day |
| C．Eight hours a day | D．Twelve hours a day |
| A．Food and flowers produce more in the shade. |
| B．Food growing in the shade contains more nutrients. |
| C．Sun can affect the production of some plants. |
| D．Food growing in the shade is the best choice for most plants. |
| A．asparagus prefer to grow in the shade. |
| B．how plants and tree roots share water. |
| C．vegetables grow better in partial shade. |
| D．how leaves gain sunshine under the tree. |
| A．environment | B．traveling |
| C．lifestyle | D．agriculture |
2 . Finland is about to start an extremely ambitious journey to test one of the most controversial economic theories of our time. The country’s social security institution known as Kela will be handing free money to thousands of jobless citizens on a monthly basis for the next two years. It’s a test of an economic strategy known as Basic Income, which at its core is essentially free money for every person once they reach a certain age, without any prerequisites.
The idea behind Basic Income is that by giving every individual a certain amount of money with which to keep themselves out of poverty, they are better off regardless of all other factors. If a person has a well-paying job, they still get Basic Income, just like everyone else, thereby creating a society in which every adult is above poverty and also continually contributing to the economy by spending money.
That sounds like a utopia, right? But there are other factors that create a lot of uncertainty, like whether or not free money will impact a society’s motivation to actually work. In the case of Finland’s experiment, individuals will be given a monthly payment of around $590, which is enough to prevent those individuals from becoming homeless, but obviously not enough to go clubbing on weekends or live extravagantly.
This is far from the first test of Basic Income and in recent years many programs have sought to put the theory to the test, even in the United States, Y Combinator, a venture fund which focuses on seed investments to startup companies, launched a small pilot program in Oakland, offering 100 citizens up to $2,000 per month just for existing. The program was small in scale and timeline, and many questioned whether or not it could possibly prove the theory one way or the other. At its heart, that’s the problem with all tests of Basic Income. When individuals know that it’s only a test and that the benefits aren’t permanent, they aren’t likely to change their behavior. If the test subjects in Finland find jobs and become rich, that doesn’t necessarily prove that they wouldn’t prefer to remain jobless if their Basic Income was promised for life. Whatever the case, it’ll be interesting to see how the large-scale test turns out to be the next 24 months.
1. The purpose of Basic Income is to _____.| A．help all citizens to live a rich life |
| B．test a controversial economic theory |
| C．help citizens get out of poverty and promote the economy |
| D．offer money to the unemployed and help them pull through |
| A．Honorably. | B．Wastefully. | C．Happily. | D．Freely. |
| A．the program is not fair for rich people |
| B．it can’t really help people break away from poverty |
| C．its test can’t reflect people’s real thought in the short term |
| D．its test failed to see how people behaved when they received free money |
| A．The author expects the result of the test. |
| B．Basic Income hasn’t been tested before. |
| C．Y Combinator’s program is part of Basic Income. |
| D．Basic Income is not well-accepted by Finnish citizens. |
| A．Travel and Fashion. | B．Finance and Economy. |
| C．Business and Culture. | D．Sports and Entertainment. |
3 . Beaches are not only great for lying on and doing water sports, and in fact one of the best ways of enjoying them is a classic beach walk. Here at iWantSun.co.uk we’ve been searching the globe to find you the world’s best and most famous beach walks, and here’s our pick of the top. Click on the most interesting walks and join our tourist program.
The Footpath of the Gods, Amalfi Coast, Italy
The name says it all really and you truly feel excited there, walking along this wonderful mountain path, which offers some of the most striking views on the planet. The path begins at the town of Bomerano to charming Positano along the UNESCO World Heritage area of the Amalfi Coast. The whole walk will take you about four and a half hours to complete and pass over narrow rocky paths.
Sydney’s Great Coastal Walk, Australia
Sydney’s coastline is one of the most beautiful and diverse landscapes in the world. Here you have national parks, historic sites, shining and quiet beaches all in one place. Sydney’s Great Coastal Walk runs all the way from Barren Joey in the north to Royal National Park in the south and takes an unbelievable seven days to complete. However, if you’re not up to doing the full walk, there are many different parts of the walk that you can do right in the city itself. Walking from the city’s famous Bondi Beach to the sweeping curve(大半径曲线) of Bronte Beach takes just an hour, which takes in some top sceneries.
Great Ocean Walk, Australia
The Great Ocean Walk covers 104km along Victoria’s famous Great Ocean Road, located on the southern coast of Australia, from the holiday town Apollo Bay to the splendid Twelve Apostles. The Twelve Apostles are the area’s famous stone landmarks which stand out like giants from the sea. The walk passes through a range of landscapes and sights, from national parks, famous surfing spots and deserted beaches, to wild coastlines, waterfalls, lush(茂盛的) forests, historic lighthouses and ghostly(幽灵似的) ship wrecks(残骸). Day walks and shorter three-hour walks such as The Wreck Beach Walk or the Lighthouse Cemetery and Lookout Walk can also be enjoyed.
So next time when you’re looking for a beach holiday, don’t just think about the holiday towns and the sand, but consider a more active sun holiday. If you have interest in any of the above places, please contact us, and we can give you the best services.
1. When you arrive at Amalfi Coast, _____.| A．the scenic beauty can fill you with charm |
| B．the walking can be started from Positano |
| C．you must be fed up with the footpath |
| D．narrow rocky paths may trap you |
| A．It takes more than a week to complete. |
| B．It really has the longest coastline in the world. |
| C．It provides visitors with a variety of great landscapes. |
| D．It starts from Barren Joey in the south. |
| A．Apollo Bay is at the end of the Great Ocean Walk |
| B．visitors have various walking choices in the Great Ocean Walk |
| C．the Twelve Apostles stand below the surface of the sea |
| D．most visitors have to finish the 104 km walk quickly |
| A．an online advertisement | B．travel magazines |
| C．a handbook to tourists | D．a poster in a foreign travel agency |
4 . Whatever your level is, choosing to take French lessons in France is the best way to learn French. Place yourself in the local culture and practice your newly found skills in your free time.
You will be taught by native French speakers who have a love for teaching and use excellent teaching techniques. Lessons are interesting and you will speak French on the first day both inside and outside the classroom.
Learners
1.Suitable for all levels from beginners to advanced (高级的)
2.Over 18 years old
Class Schedule (课表)
1.Classes start on Mondays and run throughout the summer.
2.Please arrive at the school by 8:15 am on your first day for a short level test. It will help to place you in the right class.
3.Classes run from Monday to Friday each week.
4.Classes start at 8:45 am each day depending on your level.
5.You will have 3 classes per day lasting 55 minutes each.
6.You will have a short break between classes.
Free Time and Tours
1.The school offers a lot of cultural activities throughout the week. These activities can include cooking lessons, wine and cheese tasting, visits to Paris, cycling, movies and much more.
2.You will have plenty of free time to explore (探索) the local area and practice your newly found language skills or just relax on this learning holiday with a difference.
Other Information
1.You should bring a small dictionary, pens and paper with you.
2.Get more from your holiday, have fun, meet new people and take home a new language skill that will stay with you forever.
1. What is special about the French courses?| A．They are taught in small groups. | B．The teachers are young French speakers. |
| C．They will offer a wine tasting license. | D．People learn French in and out of class. |
| A．pay for their study | B．take a language test |
| C．do a survey | D．introduce themselves to the class |
| A．21. | B．30. | C．12. | D．15. |
| A．is not suitable for teenagers | B．provides dictionaries for students |
| C．has a short game between classes | D．offers cooking classes as well |
| A．a newspaper | B．a travel guide | C．a text book | D．a story book |
5 . Interschool Sports Programme
Interschool Sports Programme is coming. It will start on 30th April and end on 15th June.
Students in our school will join the boys' basketball games. Each Wednesday the players will travel by bus to Sports Centre, Erinvale Street, Corinda. They will leave school at 12: 20 p.m. It will take them about 20 minutes to get there. The games will begin at 1:00 p.m. and end at 2:30 p.m. Players must wear their school clothes and sports shoes. It will be great if they can bring large water bottles.
If you are good at playing basketball and want to join the games, please go to Mr. David's office (Room503) before 15th April to fill in form. We will choose 15 players.
Volunteers are also needed. Anyone who wants to be a volunteer needs to send an email to Mr David (davidss@qq.edu.au) to introduce yourself before 20th April.
For more information, please call Mr David (6783-5682) or visit his office.
1. Interschool Sports Programme is about long.| A．half a month | B．one month | C．one and a half months | D．two months |
| A．12:20 p.m. | B．12:40 p.m. | C．1:00 p.m. | D．2:30 p.m. |
| A．practise every Tuesday | B．buy new sports clothes | C．call Mr David | D．fill in a form |
| A．know something about basketball | B．send an email to Mr David |
| C．bring a large water bottle | D．wear sports shoes |
| A．school notice | B．news report | C．teacher' email | D．students' entail |
6 . While doing some grocery shopping one day, I realized I had spent close to 30 minutes just in the produce section, meticulously(细致地，一丝不苟地) choosing the best-looking apples, bananas that were ripe but not spotted and ears of corn with perfectly neat rows of kernels(谷粒). However, I bet I’m not the only one that rejects the slightest imperfections in fruits and vegetables.
I’ve also seen how my pursuit of perfect produce has influenced my children. When I pack their lunches, I make sure I include fleshy tomatoes, crisp blueberries, and cucumbers without any scratches. But one day when my daughter refused to eat a pear that was turning slightly brown, I knew I had to change my way. I realized I was unconsciously teaching my children to accept society’s standards of perfection and that these perceptions could have a disastrous impact on our environment.
In the US, up to 40 percent of food is wasted every year. Most of this waste ends up in landfills that creates dangerous greenhouse gases. Around 20 percent of food waste is produced directly at the farm, for the so-called “ugly” food may not meet certain standards set by grocery stores, though the food is still perfectly consumable.
On a recent night in San Francisco, I attended a dinner party to raise awareness about this growing problem. It was the brainchild of food waste activist Josh Treuhaft, which was an intimate gathering of 16 people dinning on a table made from recycle wood. The chef, Pesha Perlsweig, prepared a six-course meal with food, which was purchased from Imperfect Produce that specifically sells “ugly” fruit and vegetables. The organic twisted carrots or knobbly sweet potatoes can be bought at this market for 30 to 50 percent of the price.
I was blown away by Perlsweig’s creative, delicious dishes made from the “ugly” food. Before each dish, Persweig offered guests tips on how we can reduce our food waste. For example, if you cut off the end of a limp carrot and place it in water, it will become firm again.
After the evening’s dinner, I became inspired to rethink the way I shopped for and consumed food, and to accept the imperfect. Though looking ugly, the food contains no less nutrition than normal food. Furthermore, it’s cheap at the price. My actions inspired my daughter to think differently as well. One morning, while she was helping prepare her school lunch, I noticed her choosing a handful of cherry tomatoes with slight flaws. “They’re special,” she said.
I’m hoping that these small changes in our perception can make a big difference to our world.
1. Why did the author spend about 30 minutes buying produce?| A．She was very picky about produce. | B．She had lots of spare time that day. |
| C．She is addicted to grocery shopping. | D．She had difficulty in making a decision. |
| A．She wouldn’t be too particular about produce. |
| B．She would change her way of educating her children. |
| C．She would no longer do everything for her children. |
| D．She would choose food for her children more carefully |
| A．Lots of food went to waste that day. |
| B．The guests got some tips at the gathering. |
| C．Most of the dishes were made from organic food. |
| D．It aimed to recommend a chef cooking “ugly” food. |
| A．It is more delicious after creatively cooked | B．It is cheap and as nutritious as perfect food. |
| C．It can always help to protect the environment. | D．It can have a good effect on children’s growth. |
| A．To offer tips on how to reduce food waste. | B．To introduce a new market for “ugly” food. |
| C．To share her experience of educating children. | D．To show how she fell in love with “ugly” food. |
| A．Environment | B．Education | C．Cooking | D．Food |
7 . Summer Leadership Programs for High School Students
Do you see yourself as a leader? Strong leadership skills are a great way to set yourself apart on a college application as well as in your future career. Below are four summer programs that will give you a head start on improving your leadership abilities. And if you know of another worthwhile leadership program, share it with other readers using the link at the bottom of the page.
The Brown Leadership Institute
Brown University's pre-college summer programming includes The Brown Leadership Institute, a two-week leadership training session for motivated and intellectually curious 9th through l2th graders. The program aims to apply leadership skills to social issues. Through case studies. group projects. field trips, and discussions and debates, students examine complicated global issues and learn to come up with effective solutions. Students also create and bring home an action plan, attempting to resolve a long-term issue that they care about.
Leadership in the Business World
Rising high school seniors interested inn exploring undergraduate business administration and leadership are encouraged to apply to this program, sponsored every summer by the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania. Students attend lectures and presentations by Wharton faculty and guest speakers, visit successful business enterprises and work in teams to create an original business plan to be presented to a panel of experts and professionals. The month-long program is offered at both of Wharton's campuses in San Francisco and Philadelphia.
National Student Leadership Conference
Among its wide selection of summer sessions for high school students, the National Student Leadership Conference offers a five-day course on Mastering Leadership. It includes a series of interactive workshops that emphasize the Pillars of Effective Leadership", including goal-setting, group brainstorming. team building, people-convincing communication, and community service, as well as taking field trips, meeting with leadership professionals, and completing a day of service in the local community. Dates and locations vary.
Students Today Lenders Forever
Students Today Leaders Forever, a national non. profit student leadership association, offers this live-in summer experience for high school students entering grades 9-12. Students participate in leadership workshops and team-building activities with a focus on organization, teamwork, communication, and an overall commitment to effecting positive change. There are two six-day sessions hosted on the campuses of Hamline University.
1. Students who have strong leadership skills__________.| A．can get admitted to college without application as a necessary part |
| B．may distinguish themselves from others when applying for colleges |
| C．will achieve quite a different success in their future life |
| D．can separate themselves from others in their future work |
| A．The Brown Leadership Institute. |
| B．Leadership in the Business World. |
| C．National Student Leadership Conference. |
| D．Students Today Leaders Forever. |
| A．Attend two six-day sessions. |
| B．Participate in a day of community service. |
| C．Present a creative business plan with good teamwork |
| D．Take several field trips. |
| A．All the four programs provide field trips. |
| B．All the four programs are intended for 9th through 12th graders |
| C．No program offers live-in summer experience. |
| D．National Student Leadership Conference last for the shortest period of time. |
| A．A high school newspaper. | B．A university guide book, |
| C．A website | D．A teens magazine |
8 . At Beaver Meadows Ranch on Red Feather Lakes,Colorado,there is a long list of outdoor winter activities for the entire family. Take a winter vacation there.
Ice Fishing
For$10 a day,visitors can try their hand at ice fishing. Ice fishing is available from 9:30 a.m.to 4 p.m. seven days a week. You will need to bring your own ice fishing equipment because it cannot be rented.You will need to have your fishing license too.For more about it,call 800-462-5870.
Hot Chocolate&Cookies Sleigh Ride
Passengers take a 15-to 20-minute sleigh ride through beautiful Colorado country.During the sleigh ride,you’ll have the experience of stopping at an old-time cabin,warming yourself by a fire and eating cookies while drinking hot chocolate.You will need to contact them at 970-231-1955 to set up a time for your sleigh ride.
Winter Horseback Riding
Experience winter horseback riding while viewing the breathtaking beauty of the surrounding 840 acres where Beaver Meadows Ranch makes its home.You’ll be guided on a tour by one of the expert wranglers(牧马人)when the weather permits. One-hour rides cost $35 per person and two-hour rides cost $50. For more information, contact them at 866-881-7679 to set up your horseback riding winter activity.
Other Winter Activities Information
For more information about Beaver Meadows Ranch,or if you’d like to book a room for an adventurous holiday, call 970-881-2450. It’s not very often you can find a one-stop adventure spot full of winter activities.Take advantage of your free time this winter season and enjoy the outdoor scenery in Colorado.
1. If you want to try ice fishing at Beaver Meadows Ranch, you can_______.| A．rent ice fishing equipment there | B．spend at most 6.5 hours fishing a day |
| C．be guided by experts during bad weather | D．take part in the activity without any permit |
| A．800-462-5870 | B．970-231-1955 |
| C．970-881-2450 | D．866-881-7679 |
| A．$50. | B．$70. | C．$100. | D．$140. |
| A．Beaver Meadows Ranch covers 840 acres |
| B．Expert wranglers there offer riding lessons |
| C．You don’t need to book a room in advance |
| D．Colorado is famous for its convenient transportation |
| A．In the latest news. | B．In a children’s book. |
| C．In a travel guide. | D．In a sportsman’s diary. |
9 . First aircraft carrying medical supplies from China arrives in U.S
An aircraft carrying personal protective equipment donated by China, along with U.S.-purchased medical supplies, arrived in New York on March 29.
The plane is the first in a series of flights over the next 30 days organized by the White House to help fight the coronavirus, the White House said. Most of the purchases are from Asia including Malaysia and Vietnam.
The Chinese Embassy in the U.S. retweeted a report from Axios, which said that 12 million gloves, 130,000 N-95 masks, 1.7 million surgical masks, 50,000 gowns, 130,000 hand sanitizer units, and 36,000 thermometers from China have arrived in the United States.
Along with the goods, Chinese company Huawei donated 10,000 masks, 20,000 articles of protective clothing, 10,000 gloves and 50,000 goggles to New York state.
Governor Andrew Cuomo confirmed the donation and thanked Huawei on Twitter.
The plane was funded by the Federal Emergency Management Agency. It landed at John F. Kennedy airport carrying gloves, gowns and masks for distribution in New York, New Jersey and Connecticut, three hard-hit states battling to care for a crush of coronavirus patients.
The airlift is a product of a team led by White House senior adviser Jared Kushner, which formed "Project Airbridge," a partnership between large U.S. healthcare distributors such as Mekesson Corp, Cardinal, Owens & Minor, Medline and Henry Schein Inc, and the federal government.
The flight from Shanghai was the first of about 20 flights to arrive between now and early April, according to the White House. Additional flights will carry similar gear from China, Malaysia and Vietnam.
1. From the passage we know that ________.| A．all good on the plane are donated by China |
| B．all goods on the plane are purchased from China |
| C．all good on the plane are donated by Huawei |
| D．some of the goods on the plane are from donation while others are purchased from Asia |
| A．New York. | B．New Jersey. | C．California. | D．Connecticut. |
| A．The federal government. | B．A team led by White House senior adviser Jared Kushner. |
| C．Large U.S. healthcare distributors. | D．White House senior adviser Jared Kushner. |
| A．Protective equipment and medical supplies. | B．Parts of the machine. |
| C．Medicine. | D．Food. |
| A．A textbook. | B．A collection of stories. |
| C．A guide book. | D．An official report. |
Wichita State University seeks to hire a full-time, 9-month assistant professor, beginning in August. Applicants are required to have a degree in dance, teaching experience at the professional or college level, the ability to direct and teach stage movement. The salary depends on qualifications and experience.
For complete information see https://www.wichita.edu.
Associate/Full Professor in Theatre and Dance
The Department of Theatre & Dance at the University of California, San Diego(http://www.theatre.uesd.edu)
is seeking an experienced theatre artist in lighting design. Professional experience is required.
A review of applications will start on June1. The application deadline: September 1.
Technical Director in Performing Arts
DeSales University’s Division of Performing Arts seeks a highly skilled, professional technical director. The position is a 10-month, staff position with the possibility of summer employment with the Pennsylvania Shakespeare Festival. BA degree or equivalent professional experience is required; MFA is preferred.
Please email materials to John. Bell@desales.edu.
Screening of applications begins immediately and will continue until the position is filled.
Assistant Director of Media Resources Center
Maryland Institute College of Art is seeking an assistant director of Media Resources Center in the Office of Academic Affaira.
Position qualifications include a degree in Art History or a related field with knowledge of art and design history, excellent interpersonal and communication skills and familiarity with Photoshop and scanning.
A review of applications will begin immediately. Applicants may email a letter of interest to jobs@ mica.edu. The salary differs depending on your experience. Please include desired salary in your letter of interest.
Application
Interested persons should electronically submit a covering letter highlighting their experience and qualifications, and names of three professional references with phone and email contact information using the Apply Now link above.
1. Wichita State University offers_______________.| A．A part-time assistant professor job | B．A job where people can work for many years. |
| C．A flexible pay to the future assistant professor | D．Work that requires people to act on the stage |
| A．DeSales University | B．Wichita State University |
| C．The University of California, San Diego | D．Maryland Institute College of Art |
| A．Applicants can apply for a position in it by sending an email. |
| B．The technical director has an opportunity to work for it. |
| C．It will last for 10 months in total in summer season. |
| D．DeSales University organizes this festival every year. |
| A．Employment Information. | B．University Introduction |
| C．Internet Technology. | D．Commercial Advertisement. |
