1 . Drinking coffee as soon as one wakes up from a night's sleep greatly affects metabolism （新陈代谢） and blood sugar responses. Scientists published this in the British Journal of Nutrition,
In the study, the UK researchers let 29 healthy men and women take part in three different overnight experiments. In the first two scenes, participants were given a sugary drink upon waking first from a normal night's sleep, and then again after a greatly disturbed night's sleep. In the third, their sleep was similarly, but they were given a strong black coffee 30 minutes before having the sugary drink.
Blood samples from participants were taken following the sugary drinkin each experiment. Results showed that one night of disturbed sleep did not worsen the participants' blood sugar responses at breakfast when compared to a normal night of sleep. However, strong black coffee consumed before breakfast increased the blood sugar response by around 50 percent.
By drinking such kind of drink after breakfast, UK researchers found that our bodies, ability to break down our food healthily is completely improved. Examining the effects of broken sleep and morning coffee through a range of different metabolic markers, researchers found that, while one night of poor sleep had a limited effect on metabolism, drinking coffee before breakfast could have a negative effect on blood sugar control.
“We know that nearly half of us will wake in the morning and, before doing anything else, drink coffee-the more tired we feel, the stronger the coffee is. This study is important and has far-reaching health influences, and it indeed shakes some coffee drinkers. Up to now we have had limited knowledge about what this is doing to our bodies, in particular for our metabolic and blood sugar control, so we have a long way to go. "said Professor James Bette, co-director of the Centre for Nutrition at the University of Bath.
1. How did the UK researchers get the result of the experiment?| A．By theoretical analysis. | B．By comparative experiments. |
| C．By doing questionnaires. | D．By consulting journals. |
| A．A poor night sleep surely affects blood sugar responses. |
| B．Drinking coffee after breakfast does much harm to health. |
| C．Having strong drinks has a good effect on one's metabolism. |
| D．Drinking coffee at different time has different effects on health. |
| A．It makes no sense. | B．It is limited and blind. |
| C．It remains to be continued. | D．It is particular and precise. |
| A．Harms of drinking coffee before breakfast. |
| B．What weakens ones' blood sugar responses. |
| C．How much coffee one should drink a day. |
| D．The effective procedure for blood sugar control. |
2 . Though only just 21 when diagnosed with the disease ALS, Hawking was perhaps the most famous scientist in the world when he died in 2018 at age 76. His 1988 book, A Brief History of Time, sold ten million copies and made him an unlikely superstar even to people who sweated through high school science.
Humor was always a big part of Hawking’s effort to bring physics to the masses. In his 2010 book, The Grand Design, for instance, he recounts how, in 1277, the Catholic Church declared scientific laws such as gravity to be wrong, since they seemed against God's idea. “Interestingly,” the text adds jokingly, “Pope John was killed by the effects of the law of gravity a few months later when the roof of his palace fell in on him.”
“He loved adventure and fun,” says Mlodinow, who once took Hawking on a punt-boat trip down the fiver Cam in Cambridge, England, despite the obvious danger of the boat turning over. “You know about when he went on the Vomit Comet? It’s a plane that flies in a parabolic path so you are weightless, like you are in space. A lot of people vomit, but he loved that sort of thing.” And he was 65 at the time.
Hawking’s greatest hit, humor-wise, was probably the cocktail party he threw in 2009. It was a “ welcome reception for future time travelers,” he said, so naturally, he sent out the invitations the day after the party. No one showed up yet. “Maybe one day someone living in the future will find the information and use a wormhole time machine to come back to my party, proving that time travel will one day be possible,” Hawking explained. And if that happens, don’t be surprised if Hawking is there too. After all, he never missed a chance to have fun.
1. What does the text mainly tell us about Hawking?| A．He related physics to humor closely. | B．He made great contributions to physics |
| C．He went through many funny experiences. | D．He was optimistic about the future of science. |
| A．He was not in favor of God. | B．He was a scientist like Hawking. |
| C．He was opposed to the law of gravity. | D．He was killed due to the discovery of gravity. |
| A．His fondness of adventure. | B．The invitation from his friend. |
| C．The requirements of his work. | D．His desire for recovery from ALS. |
| A．The cocktail party was a great success. |
| B．The possibility of time travel was not proved. |
| C．Hawking was a man who enjoyed holding parties. |
| D．The wormhole time machine was used at that time. |
