1 . Have you ever been stopped in your tracks by a stunning view, or gobsmacked by the vastness of the night sky? Have you been transported by soaring music, a grand scientific theory or a charismatic person? If so, you will understand US novelist John Steinbeck’s response to California’s giant redwood trees, which can soar more than a hundred metres towards the sky. “They leave a mark or create a vision that stays with you always,” he wrote. “From them comes silence and awe.”
Philosophers and writers have long been fascinated by our response to the sublime, but until a few years ago, scientists had barely studied it. Now they are fast realising that Steinbeck was right about its profound effects. Feeling awestruck can dissolve our very sense of self, bringing a host of benefits from lowering stress and boosting creativity to making us nicer people.
But what exactly is awe and where does it come from? “It’s a subjective feeling rooted in the body,” according to psychologist and pioneering awe researcher Dacher Keltner at the University of California, Berkeley. In 2003, he and Jonathan Haidt, now at New York University, published the first scientific definition. They described awe as the feeling we get when confronted with something vast, that transcends our frame of reference and that we struggle to understand. It’s an emotion that combines amazement with an edge of fear. Wonder, by contrast, is more intellectual – a cognitive state in which you are trying to understand the mysterious.
You might think that investigating such a profound experience would be a challenge, but Keltner insists it’s not so hard. “We can reliably produce awe,” he says. “You can get people to go out to a beautiful scene in nature, or put them in a cathedral or in front of a dinosaur skeleton, and they’re gong to be pretty amazed.” Then, all you need is a numerical scale on which people can report how much awe they are feeling. Increasingly, studies are including a physiological measure too, such as the appearance of goosebumps (鸡皮疙瘩) – awe is the emotion most likely to cause them, and second only to cold as a source.
In this way, Keltner and others have found that even mild awe can change our attitudes and behaviour. For example, people who watched a nature video that elicited awe – rather than other positive emotions such as happiness or pride – were subsequently more ethical, more generous and described themselves as feeling more connected to people in general. Gazing up at tall eucalyptus trees left others more likely to help someone who stumbled in front of them. And after standing in front of a Tyrannosaurus rex skeleton, people were more likely to describe themselves as part of a group. It might seem counterintuitive that an emotion we often experience alone increases our focus on others. But Keltner thinks it’s because awe expands our attention to encompass a bigger picture, so reducing our sense of self.
“The desert is so huge, and the horizons so distant, that they make a person feel small,” wrote Paulo Coelho in The Alchemist. He was right. In a large study, Keltner found that after inspiring awe in people from the US and China, they signed their names smaller and drew themselves smaller, but with no drop in their sense of status or self-esteem. Similarly, neuroscientist Michiel van Elk at the University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands, found that people who watched awe-inducing videos estimated their bodies to be physically smaller than those who watched funny or neutral videos.
The cause of this effect might lie in the brain. At the annual meeting of the Organization for Human Brain Mapping in Vancouver, Canada, in June, van Elk presented functional MRI scans showing that awe quiets activity in the default mode network, which includes parts of the frontal lobes and cortex, and is thought to relate to the sense of self. “Awe produces a vanishing self,” says Keltner. “The voice in your head, self-interest, self consciousness, disappears. Here’s an emotion that knocks out a really important part of our identity.” As a result, he says, we feel more connected to bigger or collectives and groups.
1. The underlined word “transported” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ________.| A．taken in | B．fired up | C．carried away | D．tuned out |
| A．hold more respect for redwood trees | B．enhance our connectedness to humanity |
| C．increase our self-consciousness | D．enjoy a completely stress-free life |
| A．the former is beyond the range of our normal experiences while the latter of our intellect |
| B．the former involves a feeling of fright while the latter an element of puzzlement |
| C．the former has more to do with our body while the latter with our mind |
| D．the former is viewed as more personal while the latter more collective |
| A．It’s against our wish that awe makes us care more for others than for ourselves. |
| B．The feeling of awe automatically directs our focus to others from ourselves. |
| C．It’s common sense that awe, though felt alone, boosts our concern for others. |
| D．It seems odd that the emotion of awe tends to associate the individual with the world. |
| A．Getting close to something awesome makes us happier and nicer. |
| B．Awe can cause physical reactions in our body just as cold does. |
| C．The huge desert and distant horizons affect our attitudes and confidence. |
| D．MRI scans suggest that the emotion of awe has biological connections. |
Sydney Harbour Discovery Cruise - Morning Tea or Lunch January to March Enjoy Sydney sightseeing and a delicious bite to eat with a stop for a swim, snorkel and island exploration on the ultimate Sydney Harbour Discovery cruise. After departing from Sydney’s King St Wharf, sit back and relax as your leisurely Sydney Harbour Discovery cruise begins. Take in views of Sydney’s iconic landmarks from the water, including Sydney Harbour Bridge, Sydney Opera House, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kirribilli House (official Sydney residence of the Prime Minister of Australia), Elizabeth and Double Bays. Discover tucked-away beaches and coves where you’ll be given the opportunity to cool off at a beautiful harbour location with a swim or snorkel. If swimming is not your thing, you can explore the island on foot at your leisure. Back on-board you will be treated to a delicious buffet for either morning tea or lunch depending on which cruise you choose. Click the link below for more information and how to book! THE MUST-DO HARBOUR CRUISE EXPERIENCE THIS SUMMER!!! Group Bookings: Enquire with us about our special group ultimate. Group bookings are based on minimum numbers and allow you to a(n) exclusive vessel, just for your group. Corporate Specials: We offer whale watching deals and specials for corporate group bookings; great for team building and bringing your work colleagues closer together. Travel Agents & Inbound Tour Operators: We offer special prices for Sydney's inbound tour operators and travel agents. Please contact us for rates and discounts. Gift Vouchers: Treat your special friend to an experience like no other. We offer gift vouchers of all values for our Sydney whale watching cruises – simply click BOOK NOW and choose gift certificates from our online bookings page. Departures: Please note departure times are the times the vessel will leave the wharf, please allow ample time to arrive and check in. Book today! To find out more about whale watching in Sydney, deals, or rates, please contact us via our website. If you would like to experience some of these magnificent whales for yourself, then come along and join us for one of our amazing Sydney Whale Watching Cruises. You will have a whale of a time! |
1. The passage is most probably taken from _______.
| A．A magazine of popular science |
| B．An academic journal on Nature |
| C．An online tourist advertisement |
| D．A literary story book about animals |
| A．fundamental | B．eventual | C．optimal | D．extreme |
| A．Besides whale watching, tourist can also enjoy fascinating harbor sightseeing. |
| B．A tourist is provided with both buffet breakfast and lunch during the cruise. |
| C．Swimming is considered a dangerous thing and therefore is strictly prohibited. |
| D．Team building and corporate culture nurturing is the ultimate goal for the cruise. |
| A．12:15 | B．12:25 | C．12:10 | D．12：00 |
3 . The sun shows its face every day, but an amazing new telescope is giving us a whole different view of it. And guess what? Our familiar friend in the sky has some impressive features! Seen from the earth without a fancy telescope, the sun resembles a pale disc, sort of like a big sugar cookie shining in the sky. However, in detailed photos and video captured by the new telescope, the sun’s surface looks lumpy(块状的)and bumpy.
The incredible instrument responsible for these eye-popping images is the Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope (DKIST), the most powerful solar telescope in the world. A project of the National Science Foundation (NSF), the telescope is named after a U.S. politician who represented the state of Hawaii, which is home to the high-tech, high-resolution wonder.
The DKIST is at the summit of Haleakalā on the island of Maui, which is…a volcano! While that might sound like a risky place for a $344-million observatory to perch, the volcano is extinct. What’s more, the combination of high elevation, low air disturbance, and deep blue skies make it an ideal location to study the sun. Modern astronomers(天文学家)aren’t the first to recognize that Haleakalā has a special connection to the sun—ancient Hawaiians were way ahead of them. The summit of Haleakalā is admired by native Hawaiians, who gave the place its name, which means “House of the Sun.”
Now, after being under construction for about ten years, the DKIST is sunbathing in this storeyed spot. When the telescope’s first videos and photos were posted, they blew up on social media like a superstar, but the NSF has much bigger goals than going viral. The astronomers want to study the surface of the sun to better predict solar weather.
Why on earth would people want a weather forecast for a place that’s more than 145 million kilometers away? Because events on the surface of the sun can end up affecting us right here at home. Solar weather can disable satellite systems and GPS tracking systems and even cause blackouts, in which large areas temporarily lose electricity. In 2017, solar flares(耀斑)disabled radio communications as three hurricanes were bearing down on the Caribbean. As you can imagine, that was a huge blow to emergency response efforts.
By studying the images the DKIST captures, scientists hope to learn how to predict solar weather events in time for people to take precautions and prevent disasters. In the meantime, we can all enjoy getting an eye-opening new view of the sun!
1. The underlined word “perch” in paragraph 3 most probably means .| A．to be on something high | B．to take photos or videos |
| C．to tear something apart | D．to be used to help understand |
| A．The sun looks like a big sugar cookie in the DKIST’s image. |
| B．The NSF is responsible for astronomy education in Hawaii. |
| C．High air turbulence is one of the conditions of the solar research. |
| D．The native Hawaiians have a long history of appreciating the sun. |
| A．explain why we have to get best photos of the sun |
| B．suggest how natural disasters are caused by the sun |
| C．show how solar weather harms communications on the earth |
| D．illustrate why weather forecast is so important for disaster prevention |
| A．A New View of the Sun | B．An Amazing New Telescope |
| C．Weather Forecast for the Sun | D．The Best Location for Sun Research |
4 . Malaysia has long wished to join the ranks of developed countries. Admission to the OECD, often referred to as the "rich countries' club", would be a formal recognition. But how close is Malaysia to the OECD level of development？
Judging from its economic development, the answer is "close". In 2019, Malaysia's per﹣capita GDP was estimated at about 12,200,notfarbehindthe13,530 average of the six least wealthy OECD members, according to World Bank data. Per﹣capita GDP is a very narrow gauge of development, though. Another good measure is the human development index, or HDI, which takes into account life expectancy, health, quality of life and education. In 2019, Malaysia's HDI put it 61st of 189 countries. Within Asia, only three countries rank higher: Singapore at 9th, Japan at 19th and Korea at 22nd. So Malaysia has made good progress.
However, the service sector provides a more comprehensive assessment. The service sector, as opposed to agriculture or manufacturing, tends to be the largest and most important in any developed economy. Here you find the best﹣paid, most highly skilled jobs. Services reflect the quality of a country's workers. And since a large part of the service sector is linked to consumers, it also measures consumer-sector development. An innovative, sophisticated service sector with a strong supply of skilled labor and steady demand from its customers is a meaningful measure of a country's development.
So how is Malaysia's services sector? On the supply side, Malaysia boasts one of the best﹣educated populations in emerging Asia. However, educational quality is far from satisfactory. According to the OECD's latest Program for International Student Assessment(PISA), Malaysian students of equivalent education levels perform only about 85% as well as their OECD peers in reading, 88% in math and 84% in science. It's better on the demand side, where private consumption has survived slowing global trade and rising economic uncertainty. In the first half of 2019, private consumption grew by 7.7% year on year-not far off 2018's 8% growth-despite falling investment and slowing export growth.
To go forward, Malaysia needs to make labor productivity and growth in consumption mutually reinforcing. To boost labor productivity, it needs to improve both the quality of workers and their market mobility. A more productive labor force will translate into higher household incomes, which will further stimulate private consumption. More consumption will encourage greater investment in services. And stronger investment, especially in startups, will make services a more powerful engine of employment growth.
Increasing investment in services would come with a bonus: quickening the evolution of Malaysia's digital economy. This is the new frontier(前线) for Malaysia's service sector. Getting there will prepare Malaysia for the prime time.
1. The underlined word "gauge" in Paragraph 2 is the closest in meaning to .| A．the distance between two places |
| B．an instrument for finding the size, quantity, etc. of something |
| C．a fact or event that can be used to judge something |
| D．something missing that prevents it from being complete or satisfactory |
| A．it shows how well labor force and consumer﹣sector develop |
| B．developed countries depend entirely on services to prosper |
| C．it includes jobs that require both basic and advanced skills |
| D．growth in agriculture and manufacturing underlines the service sector |
| A．According to PISA, Malaysian students score higher in reading than science. |
| B．Higher family incomes will help to increase labor productivity. |
| C．Slower global economy didn't affect Malaysia's private consumption that much. |
| D．Investment in services is likely to create more job opportunities. |
| A．The Definition and Role of a Developed Country |
| B．Developing Economy Is the Key to Joining OECD |
| C．Malaysia Has to Further Develop Its Services |
| D．People in Malaysia Need Better Education |
5 . As consumers, especially young ones, become more eco﹣conscious, services are popping up to reduce wastefulness in the flower industry, extending the life of old bouquets（花束） that were previously thrown away the day after a big event.
Considering that the floral（花的）gifting market is expected to reach ﹩16 billion in revenue by 2023, buying from eco﹣friendly businesses can have a huge impact. According to one estimate, the roughly 100 million roses grown for a typical Valentine's Day in the U. S. produce about 9,000 metric tons of carbon dioxide emissions.
“When you realize what the supply chain looks like and the number of hands that touch these flowers. and then they're only appreciated for a couple of hours, it's kind of disgusting when you think about the amount of resources that go into it,” says Jennifer Grove, founder of New York City﹣based flower service Repeat Roses.
While working as a wedding designer and corporate planner, Grove often oversaw the design of floral arrangements, only to see those creations thrown away within a few hours. In 2014 she founded Repeat Roses to make it easier for luxury clients to donate used bouquets. Like a traditional floral service, the company sells high﹣end floral decorations for weddings or social events, but it then recycles or composts（堆肥） them.
If a customer chooses the unique repurposing（改变用途） service, a Repeat Roses team can remove the arrangements from the event and then restyle the flowers into smaller bouquets to donate to hospitals, nursing homes and family shelters. If there's a charity that holds a special place in a customer's heart, the team will ensure the blooms are sent there. “It's a logistics business, and we're trying to make sure we are strategic in where we play matchmaker,” Grove says. When the charities are finished with the flowers, Repeat Roses also picks them back up and composts them. The altruism isn't free﹣prices start at ﹩1,750 for the removal and repurposing service to account for the transportation and labor costs. If you're not willing to spend that much, the company will still compost the flowers from your event instead of sending them to a landfill.
Through these two methods, Repeat Roses estimates it has diverted more than 98 tons of waste from landfills and delivered almost 53,000 floral arrangements to people in need. Although Repeat Roses is a for﹣profit business, the flower repurposing itself is a tax write﹣off for the client. As the fair market value of a client's donated flowers is what's used for the charitable tax credit and is eligible for deduction, Repeat Roses ensures that the beneficiary sends you an acknowledgement letter including details of your donation.
1. Jennifer Grove founded Repeat Roses in order to do the following except .| A．avoid the waste of flowers |
| B．reduce the pollution to the environment |
| C．earn money by selling used flowers |
| D．help some customers do charity work |
| A．the company’s composting the flowers |
| B．the customers’ donating flowers to people in need |
| C．the reception of the donation by the people in need |
| D．the transportation of the flowers to a landfill |
| A．To get a discount when buying flowers. |
| B．To feel fulfilled because of donation. |
| C．To get a tax reduction. |
| D．To receive a letter of compliment. |
| A．a creative way of making money |
| B．a green trend of waste utilization |
| C．a way to cut the emission of carbon dioxide |
| D．a company devoted to charity |
GETTING A GRANT Who pays? The local education authority (LEA) for the area in which the student is living. Who can get this money? Anyone who gets a place on a first degree course, although a student who has already attended a course of advanced further education may not. Students must also have been resident in the UK for at least three years, which can exclude some students from overseas. |
| SPECIAL CASES |
| If a student has worked before going to college? A student who is 26 or more before the course starts and who has worked for at least three of the previous six years will get extra money – £155 a year if 26, increasing to a maximum of £615 at 29 or more. If a student is handicapped? LEAs will give up to £500 to help meet extra expenses – such as buying a tape recorder for a blind student, extra heating or special food. Banking? Most of the big banks offer special services to students who open accounts (in the hope that they will stay with the bank when they become rich officials). A student won’t usually have to pay bank charges as long as the account stays in credit. Some banks allow students to overdraw by £100 or so, and still don’t make charges (though they do charge interest). |
1. The phrase “a grant” in the first line most probably means _____.
| A．bank interest | B．a credit card |
| C．an education fee | D．financial aid |
| A．be unable to get money from any LEA |
| B．get money if taking a first degree course |
| C．get money from LEA when finishing his course |
| D．have to open a bank account before getting money |
| A．None. | B．£155. | C．£615. | D．£515. |
7 . When our Scottish puppy reached doggie adolescence, she suddenly stopped obeying my commands. Previously, if I called “come,” Annie would fly across our yard to my arms. Now, the 8-month-old gave me an aggressive “make me” look and ran the other way.
Our dog trainer advised us to stop complaining. “She's a teenager,” she said. Now, a new study is backing that up: Dogs, it says, experience an oversensitive period just like human teenagers. “There is abundant folk knowledge that the behavior of adolescents differs from younger or older dogs,” says Barbara Smuts.
Puppies bond with humans much as children do. “But owners often feel like they're failing when their puppies reach adolescence,” about 8 months for most dogs, says Lucy Asher. Like teenagers, adolescent dogs can disregard and disobey their owners. Indeed, teenage dogs are the most likely age group to land in U.S. shelters.
To see exactly how adolescence changes dog behavior, Asher and her team monitored 70 female dogs being raised as potential guide dogs. They asked caregivers to score the puppies on separation-related behaviors, like trembling when left behind. Dogs with high scores on this behavior entered adolescence earlier-at about 5 months, compared with 8 months for those with lower scores. Various factors cause human teenage girls with poor parental relationships to also enter adolescence at a younger age. Thus, similar to humans, dogs that have bad relationships with their caregivers see changes in their development.
According to Smuts, adolescent dogs that were stressed by separation from their caregiver also increasingly disobeyed that person, showing the insecurity of human teenagers.
Because of the similarity between adolescent pups and humans, dogs can serve as a model species for studying adolescence in humans, the scientists say. The temporary nature of dogs which disobey the owners may make us worry less when our pups suddenly get minds of their own.
1. The author's attitude towards his dog's misbehavior can be best described as| A．tolerant | B．delighted | C．unsatisfied | D．indifferent |
| A．run after | B．pay no attention to | C．bark at | D．defend against |
| A．Many adolescent dogs like staying in American shelters. |
| B．Adolescent dogs will never follow their owners' instructions. |
| C．Adolescent dogs are fond of being separated from their caregivers. |
| D．Dogs having poor relation with their caregivers enter adolescence earlier. |
| A．Both young dogs and teenagers rely on their parents. |
| B．Many researches have shown young dogs are aggressive. |
| C．Adolescent dogs feel more anxious and frightened than teenagers. |
| D．Like human teenagers, dogs get difficult when they reach adolescence. |
8 . Many employees must be tempted to query on a daily basis when they see their bosses headed down the wrong track. But caution, for fear of appearing insubordinate or foolish and thus possibly at risk of losing their jobs, often leads workers to keep silent.
A culture of silence can be dangerous, argues a new book, “The Fearless Organization”, by Amy Edmondson, a professor at Harvard Business School. Some of her examples are from the airline industry. One was its deadliest accident: a crash between Boeing 747s in the Canary Islands in 1977 when a co-pilot felt unable to query his captain’s decision to take off based on a misunderstanding of instructions from air-traffic control.
The risks may be lower than life or death in most organizations, but companies also suffer when people keep silent, Ms Edmondson believes. Volkswagen was caught up in a scandal(丑闻) over diesel(柴油)emissions from 2015. The engines of its diesel models did not meet American emissions standards and engineers devised a system to fool the regulators. Ms Edmondson says the company’s culture had been one based on threaten and fear; Ferdinand Piëch, its longtime boss, boasted of telling engineers they had six weeks to improve the bodywork fitting on pain of dismissal. In the circumstances, engineers were understandably unwilling to mention the bad news on emissions standards and instead worked around the problem. In a corporate culture based on fear and intimidation, it may appear that targets are being achieved in the short term. But in the long run the effect is likely to be counterproductive. Studies show that fear inhibits learning. And when confronted with a problem, scared workers find ways of covering it up or getting around it with inefficient practices.
The answer is to create an atmosphere of “psychological safety” whereby workers can speak their minds. In a sense, this is the equivalent of Toyota’s “lean manufacturing” process, which allows any worker who spots a problem to stop the production line. This does not mean that workers, or their ideas, are immune from criticism, or that they should complain incessantly.
As mundane(平凡的)tasks are automated, and workers rely on computers for data analysis, the added value of humans will stem from their creativity. But as Ms Edmondson’s book amply demonstrates, it is hard to be either constructive or creative if you are not confident about speaking out.
1. The underlined word “insubordinate” means .| A．being inferior | B．disobeying a superior |
| C．getting aggressive | D．being ignorant |
| A．Volkswagen’s engineers designed a system to meet American emissions standards |
| B．when facing problems, scared workers resolve them directly |
| C．Volkswagen’s engineers were at risk of losing jobs |
| D．the culture of fear and intimidation must be counterproductive in the long term. |
| A．A culture of being silent can be life-threatening. |
| B．The risk of keeping silent is not necessarily associated with life and death. |
| C．Volkswagen’s culture is on the basis of fear. |
| D．The value of humans lies in originality in today’s highly-automated world. |
| A．An introduction to Amy Edmondson’s new book. |
| B．The disadvantages of fear and intimidation culture. |
| C．Companies will perform better if employees are not threatened into silence. |
| D．People need to be confident when they are speaking out. |
9 . People generally see themselves through achievements. In doing that, they end up caring more about their image than the reality of who they actually are. Rather than their performance at work, they end up defining themselves by external markers that they hope will earn them respect.
The problem with this is that it encourages both themselves and other people to judge their worth based on some relatively unimportant measure. For example, one day, their educational diploma may overshadow what they actually learned. Therefore, a better way to know a person, I think, is to ask a different set of questions: What motivates them? What makes them ache? What do they long for?
It’s in this spirit that I want to publicly share my values. They are the compass(罗盘) that guides my life. The kindest and most sincere thing I can do is to see, recognize, and understand another person before I make judgments. From there, I can learn to treat others appropriately, depending on the context, learning from my mistakes with time and experience. It's just a reminder that life is hard for all of us, while at the same time accepting that it's important we are all also held accountable for our actions.
I have learned that we are all deeply self-interested. I hope to be self-aware enough to check out of the power and status games. That means I'm not competing with anyone for a shiny object; I'd rather compete with myself. It's about becoming so uniquely different that it would be an insult for me to measure myself against someone else. I believe if I do the work to be internally free from the pull of the power and status games, then I can add value to others based on my unique knowledge and experience.
If this resonates with(与……共鸣) you, I invite you to join me on this journey in understanding and relating to this complex world. It's a wonderful mystery, and I think together we can better define it—not just personally, but also collectively.
1. According to the article, which of the following is TRUE?| A．People generally judge others' worth by what they have achieved. |
| B．The external markers are better ways to know a person. |
| C．The author is someone who is keen on power games. |
| D．Learning from mistakes is the first step of treating others kindly. |
| A．be relatively similar to | B．cause something to be stronger than |
| C．make something less important | D．block off light from something |
| A．People should be self-aware enough and compete with themselves. |
| B．Life is hard, so we shouldn't criticize others when they are not responsible. |
| C．Everyone is unique, so showing off uniqueness is an insult to others. |
| D．One should see and understand another person using a real compass. |
| A．To promote harmonious living. |
| B．To ask people not to judge others. |
| C．To call on readers to learn his values. |
| D．To share his values of understanding the world. |
10 . Stephen Glenn is a famous American research scientist who has made several very important medical breakthroughs. Many people were dying to know the secrets to his fantastic achievements. To reveal the mystery, a newspaper reporter interviewed him asking why he was able to be so much more creative than the average person. What set him so far apart from others?
Having assumed to hear wording like innate curiosity for science or hard work, the reporter was surprised to have him respond that, in his opinion, it all came from an experience with his mother that occurred when he was about four years old. He had been trying to remove a bottle of milk form the refrigerator when he lost his grip on the slippery bottle and it fell, spilling its contents all over the kitchen floor, a real sea of milk!
When his mother came into the kitchen, instead of shouting at him, giving him a lecture or chastising him, she said. “Stephen, what a great and wonderful mess you have made! I have rarely seen such a huge pond of milk. Well, the damage has already been done Would you like to get down and play in the milk for a few minutes before we clean it up?”
Indeed, he did. After a few minutes, his mother said, “You know, Stephen. whenever you make a mess like this, eventually you have to clean it up and restore everything to its proper order. So, how would you like to do that? We could use a sponge, a towel or a mop. Which do you prefer?” He chose the sponge and together they cleaned up the spilled milk.
His mother then said, “You know, what we have here is a failed experiment in how to effectively carry a big milk bottle with two tiny hands. Let's go out in the back yard and till the bottle with water and see if you can discover a way to carry it without dropping it.” The little boy learned that if be grasped the bottle at the top near the lip with both hands, he could carry it without dropping it. What a wonderful lesson!
This renowned scientist then remarked that it was at that moment that he knew he didn't need to be afraid to make mistakes. Instead, he learned that mistakes were just opportunities for learning something new, which is, after all, what scientific experiments are all about. Even if the experiment doesn't work, we usually learn something valuable from it.
Wouldn‘t it be great if all parents would respond the way Stephen's mother responded to him?
1. According to the passage, a newspaper interviewed Stephen Glenn in order to _______ .| A．persuade him to treat some dying patients | B．find out his differences with ordinary people |
| C．hear about his opinions about medical science | D．know about why he was so successful |
| A．pursuing | B．punishing | C．praising | D．educating |
| A．never put milk bottle where little kids can get hold of |
| B．appreciation of kids’ behaviours is important to their growth |
| C．mothers should teach kids to learn from their own mistakes |
| D．kids should learn to become scientists from childhood. |
