2 . The Internet plays a big part in human life. We use it for work and pleasure. We use it to learn a new language. We find advice on it. We use it to connect with family and friends. We use it to stay in touch with events we care about. The list goes on and on.

Well, that train has left the station.   This expression means there is no going back to an Internet-free life. But can using the Internet too much be bad for our health? It might be, researchers say. A new study finds that heavy Internet use may be connected to high blood pressure in an unlikely group: teenagers.

High blood pressure makes your heart and blood vessels work too hard. Over time, this extra pressure increases your risk of a heart attack. High blood pressure can also cause heart and kidney disease. It is also closely linked to a brain disease.

The Henry Ford Hospital in Detroit, Michigan did the study. 335 young people, from 14 to 17 years old , took part in it. 134 of the teens were described as “heavy Internet users.” And researchers found that out of these 134 teens,26 had high blood pressure. The researchers say the study is the first to connect heavy web use with high blood pressure. Other research has connected heavy Internet use with anxiety, depression and obesity.

The lead researcher is Andrea Cassidy Bushrow. She said, “Using the Internet is part of our daily life, but it shouldn’t ruin us.” Ms. Cassidy Bushrow adds that it is important for teens to take regular breaks from their computers or smartphones and do some kind of physical activity. She also suggests that parents limit their children’s use of the Internet to two hours a day, five days a week.

1. The expression “that train has left the station” in Para. 2 is used to show________.

A．the Internet develops rapidly	B．no one can escape from the Internet
C．the Internet can provide whatever we want	D．there is no going back to an Internet free life

2. What is Para. 3 mainly about?

A．Causes of high blood pressure.	B．The harm of high blood pressure.
C．The disadvantages of Internet use.	D．Ways to prevent high blood pressure.

3. Andrea Cassidy Bushrow would agree that________.

A．teenagers shouldn’t use the Internet

B．the Internet will ruin human life in the future

C．smartphones are more harmful than computers

D．regular breaks are necessary when using the Internet

4. What can be used as the best title of the passage?

A．Heavy Internet users are mostly teenagers	B．How to prevent teenagers from the Internet
C．Too much Internet use may be bad for teenagers	D．Every coin has two sides—so does the Internet

4 . We think of kids playing video games as being in a sort of loneliness, locked in their darkened bedrooms. In truth, they are usually communicating with other gamers, via audio or text, about the action on the screen. And sometimes the chatter shifts from the world of fantasy to real life.

That’s what happened to 14-year-old Reilly Howard from East Hampton, Connecticut last October. While playing Counter-Strike: Global Offensive, he noticed that an online friend, a-13-year-old from Florida, was not his normal self. Reilly’s sixth sense was confirmed when the friend messaged him, “Yo, we need to talk.” Reilly immediately called him.

“He starts to open up about what’s going on in his life: ‘I have nothing to live for; I’m going to kill myself.’ Reilly told nbcconnecucut.com. He couldn’t even talk, he was crying so much.” Unable to verbally convey his sufferings, his friend typed out, “Tonight is going to be the night.”

Suicide is a lot to throw at a high school kid, but Reilly, a sophomore(二年级学生)at the time, resolved to stay on the line for as long as he was needed. “I knew he didn’t want to be alone, and I didn’t want him to go.” he told WFSB. “He’s my friend. I didn’t want him to die.”

For two hours, Reilly said everything he could think of to persuade his friend to embrace life. “I just kept comforting him. You’ve got a lot to live for.” says Reilly. “I said, I’ll see you tomorrow, I’m going to be playing with you tomorrow. You promise, nothing is going to happen tonight.”

About that time, Reilly’s parents came home from dinner. He filled them in, and they contacted Florida police, who tracked down the boy.

The troubled teen is doing well now, thanks to a good friend—one he’d never met in person—who was willing to put down the keyboard and lend an ear. Says Reilly’s mother, Sheila Reilly, “You just have to show up and talk to people. And listen.”

1. What do people usually think of kids who are playing video games according to Paragraph 1?

A．They are warmhearted, ready to lend an ear to others.

B．They are lonely, always immersed (沉迷；陷入) in their games.

C．They never communicate with anyone when playing video games.

D．They are not interested in study and get on badly with parents.

2. Which of the following is the most similar to the underlined sentence in meaning?

A．Suicide is a tough problem for a high school kid to deal with.

B．Suicide is common among high school kids.

C．Suicide is a problem a high school kid has to throw away.

D．Suicide is a problem a high school kid has to live with.

3. What can we infer from the text?

A．Reilly didn’t notice his online friend behaved in a strange way until his friend messaged him.

B．Reilly’s mother rang up the police but the police refused to offer help.

C．Reilly never met his friend in person although they both were familiar online.

D．Reilly was informed of the reason why his friend wants to commit a suicide.

4. What does the text mainly talk about?

A．Listening to others has many benefits.

B．A good relationship with others is important.

C．A teen saves another teen’s life online.

D．Good communication skill can helps save a life.

5 . For many years, Bruce Bexler dreamed of going where no human had gone before. He wanted to cut a path through unexplored lands and discover rare, exotic species.

That might sound like an impossible dream, but Bexler turned it into a reality.

In December 2015, he and a team of Australian and American scientists ventured into an isolated tropical rain forest on the island of New Guinea. They were the first people ever to enter the mist-covered region.“As time was limited,we were dropped in by helicopter. Once we were on the ground, there were no trails anywhere; it was really hard to get around,” Bexler says.

Within minutes of landing, the team spotted a black chicken-like bird with strange orange skin hanging from its neck. The scientists soon determined that the unusual creature was a type of honeyeaters — the first new bird species to be sighted on New Guinea in 60 years.

The honeyeater wasn’t the only surprise for the scientists. They discovered more than 40 previously unknown plant and animal species — 13 birds of paradise, 20 frogs, four butterflies, and five palms.“We were like kids in a candy store,” Bexler recalls.“Everywhere we looked, we saw amazing things we had never seen before.”

The newfound species didn’t shy away from the scientists. Two long-nosed echidnas — primitive egg-laying mammals — let the visitors pick them up and take them back to camp to study them. An echidna looks like a hedgehog and is also called a spiny anteater.

Bexler thinks the animals weren’t scared because they had never seen humans before.“In almost all parts of New Guinea, animals are hunted for food, and because of this, they are very cautious of people,” he explains.“This area gives scientists a place where they can go to study the behaviours of animals that have not yet learned to be afraid of people.”

Scientists believe the area is probably the largest untouched forest in Asia. Local people called Kwerba hunt and collect plants from the outer-edges of the forest but told Bexler that not even their ancestors had gone so far into the woods. The wooded area is approximately a 10-day walk from the nearest village.

Bexler and his team did not have enough time during the expedition to study the area completely. They hope to return and expect to record many more undiscovered species. “We just scratched the surface,” Bexler says.“Anyone who goes there will come back with a mystery.”

1. Which word best describes Bruce Bexler?

A．Adventurous.	B．Cautious.
C．Optimistic.	D．Careful.

2. What does Bruce Bexler mean by saying “We were like kids in a candy store”?

A．They didn’t have enough food and were hungry.

B．They were very excited about what they saw.

C．They were misbehaving like naughty children.

D．They knew that if they kept searching, they’d find sugar in the forest.

3. Why did some of the animals allow the scientists to pick them up?

A．The scientists seemed to be very friendly.

B．The scientists were skilled in handling animals.

C．The animals had been well-trained by the local people.

D．The animals had no experience or fear of people.

4. What can we conclude about the area Bruce Bexler explored?

A．The best way to explore the area is by helicopter.

B．The locals live in the centre of the forest.

C．The area still contains many plants and animals unknown to science.

D．The locals are unwilling to allow the scientists to enter the deep woods.

6 . Lizzy Brown, a 42-year-old mother of three from East Riding, Yorkshire, was diagnosed with cancer when she was 14 years old. Ms Brown received the diagnosis having woken up frightened on her 14th birthday. She was admitted to a hospital in Cambridge in 1989, where she was told that she shouldn’t expect to survive into adulthood.

While being monitored (监护) at the hospital, Ms Brown was looked after by a kind nurse called Debbie Bye. Ms Brown has never forgotten the good care that Ms Bye provided during her time of need. “My prognosis (预断) was very poor,”' Ms Brown said. “I wasn’t expected to live more than five years, but now I’m 42 with three children and there’s not a wheelchair in sight. She might have thought she was doing her job but it went above and beyond that. I remember watching Debbie work and being so inspired by the way that she did things. She showed me that children are children no matter what is wrong with them and she treated us all the same.”

The childhood cancer survivor always wondered what had happened to the nurse over the years,which is why she decided to put a call out on Twitter. Ms Brown tweeted an appeal to find Ms Bye, with her tweet being shared more than 1,000 times. Her action proved successful, as the two women were eventually able to make contact (取得联系) thanks to the power of social media.

“To be there when Lizzy was given her prognosis was something I will never forget,’’ said Ms Bye, who has since retired (退休) from hospital work and now works part-time in a school. “She was a teenager in denial and over the years I have often wondered what happened to her and came to the only conclusion I could and thought she had passed away. I am blown away.”

1. What do we know about Ms Bye?

A．She is in poor health now.

B．She still works in the same hospital.

C．She forgot about Lizzy Brown’s situation.

D．She once worked whole-heartedly as a nurse.

2. What did Lizzy Brown do to find Ms Bye?

A．She turned to the Internet.

B．She visited quite a few places.

C．She asked many relatives for help.

D．She made a public appeal in local papers.

3. By saying “I am blown away.”, Ms Bye means that she felt__________.

A．scared

B．excited

C．pitiful

D．nervous

4. What is the purpose of the text?

A．To report a moving reunion.

B．To warn us of the danger of cancer.

C．To show us how to live a healthy life.

D．To give advice on how to treat nurses.

7 . Old Problem, New Approaches

While clean energy is increasingly used in our daily life, global warming will continue for some decades after CO2 emissions peak. So even if emissions were to begin to decrease today, we would still face the challenge of adapting to climate change. Here I will stress some smarter and more creative examples of climate adaptation.

When it comes to adaptation, it is important to understand that climate change is a process. We are therefore not talking about adapting to a new standard, but to a constantly shifting set of conditions. This is why, in part at least, the US National Climate Assessment says that, “There is no ‘one-size fits all’ adaptation.” Nevertheless, there are some actions that offer much and carry little risk or cost.

Around the world, people are adapting in surprising ways, especially in some poor countries. Floods have become more damaging in Bangladesh in recent decades. Mohammed Rezwan saw opportunity where others saw only disaster. His not-for-profit organization runs 100 river boats that serve as floating libraries, schools, and health clinics, and are equipped with solar panels and other communicating facilities. Rezwan is creating floating connectivity（连体） to replace flooded roads and highways. But he is also working at a far more fundamental level: his staff show people how to make floating gardens and fish ponds prevent starvation during the wet season.

Elsewhere in Asia even more astonishing actions are being taken. Chewang Norphel lives in a mountainous region in India, where he is known as the Ice Man. The loss of glaciers there due to global warming represents an enormous threat to agriculture. Without the glaciers, water will arrive in the rivers at times when it can damage crops. Norphel’s inspiration came from seeing the waste of water over winter, when it was not needed. He directed the wasted water into shallow basins where it froze, and was stored until the spring. His fields of ice supply perfectly timed irrigation(灌溉) water. Having created nine such ice reserves, Norphel calculates that he has stored about 200, 000m³of water. Climate change is a continuing process, so Norphel’s ice reserves will not last forever. Warming will overtake them. But he is providing a few years during which the farmers will, perhaps, be able to find other means of adapting.

Increasing Earth’s reflectiveness can cool the planet. In southern Spain the sudden increase of greenhouses (which reflect light back to space) has changed the warming trend locally, and actually cooled the region. While Spain as a whole is heating up quickly, temperatures near the greenhouses have decreased. This example should act as an inspiration for all cities. By painting buildings white, cities may slow down the warming process.

In Peru, local farmers around a mountain with a glacier that has already fallen victim to climate change have begun painting the entire mountain peak white in the hope that the added reflectiveness will restore the life-giving ice. The outcome is still far from clear. But the World Bank has included the project on its list of "100 ideas to save the planet”.

More ordinary forms of adaptation are happening everywhere. A friend of mine owns an area of land in western Victoria. Over five generations the land has been too wet for cropping. But during the past decade declining rainfall has allowed him to plant highly profitable crops. Farmers in many countries are also adapting like this—either by growing new produce, or by growing the same things differently. This is common sense. But some suggestions for adapting are not. When the polluting industries argue that we’ve lost the battle to control carbon pollution and have no choice but to adapt, it’s a nonsense designed to make the case for business as usual.

Human beings will continue to adapt to the changing climate in both ordinary and astonishing ways. But the most sensible form of adaptation is surely to adapt our energy systems to emit less carbon pollution. After all, if we adapt in that way, we may avoid the need to change in so many others.

1. The underlined part in Paragraph 2 implies____ .

A．adaptation is an ever-changing process	B．the cost of adaptation varies with time
C．global warming affects adaptation forms	D．adaptation to climate change is challenging

2. What is special with regard to Rezwan’s project?

A．The project receives government support.

B．Different organizations work with each other.

C．His organization makes the best of a bad situation.

D．The project connects flooded roads and highways.

3. What did the Ice Man do to reduce the effect of global warming?

A．Storing ice for future use.	B．Protecting the glaciers from melting.
C．Changing the irrigation time.	D．Postponing the melting of the glaciers.

4. What’s the author’s preferred solution to global warming?

A．Setting up a new standard.	B．Reducing carbon emission.
C．Adapting to climate change.	D．Monitoring polluting industries.

8 . The Impossible Burger is entirely free of meat. But it looks, smells, feels and-most importantly-tastes so much like real hamburger beef. In fact, plant-based burger alternatives have set off a strong resistance from the beef industry. The Center for Consumer Freedom, a nonprofit that advocates on behalf of the fast food and meat industries has launched an "informational" campaign targeting plant-based meats. The campaign has included TV and online ads, as well as print ads in newspapers. The ads seem to imply that not only is an artificial burger too processed, but that it might be even less healthy than the average beef burger.

While it's true that a plant-based meat alternative is processed and it's true that eating one is not as healthy as a pile of raw vegetables, it's best to take the ads with a generous pinch of salt.

For instance, the additives and preservatives in plant-based meat highlighted in one ad sure sound scary. Who wants something called titanium dioxide(二氧化钛)in their meal? But the truth is that additives such as those listed in the ads are regularly used in all sorts of packaged foods. And if methylcellulose, a food thickener, sounds unpleasant, it's really nothing compared with salmonella(沙门菌)poisoning you can get from regular meat.

Also, the ad campaign misses the bigger point. Choosing an Impossible or Beyond burger isn't just about healthy eating Burgers, whether they are made from processed pea protein or processed meat, will never be as healthy as organic raw vegetables.

What's appealing is the prospect or enjoying a juicy burger without the bitter aftertaste of guilt.

Let's face it, there are huge environmental costs to eating cows. Cattle raising is contributing to climate. change, and not just because methane(甲烷)from cows and cattle is responsible for about 14.5% of greenhouse gas. More broadly, our global food production system releases more than a third of the world's greenhouse gases. Yet we can't seem to control our meat appetite even knowing that large areas of the Amazon forest have been ruined, and continue to be cut down to make room for more cattle to feed the growing demand for beef. Humans also know full well that many animals live short, cruel lives in awful conditions for the purpose of becoming foods for humans to enjoy at dinner.

A plant-based meat that satisfies meat desires and delivers protein but with a smaller climate footprint is a potential environmental game changer and the reason Impossible Foods was one of those receiving the UN, Global Climate Action Award in 2019. No wonder the meat industry is on guard.

1. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 most probably mean?

A．These ads deserve little consideration.

B．We should spread the message of these ads.

C．These ads tell people a lot about plant-based burgers.

D．We'd better be cautious when reading these ads

2. What do we know about additives and preservatives in plant-based burgers?

A．Their use is within the normal range.

B．They are likely to cause poisoning.

C．They are used to ensure burgers taste good

D．Some have not been used in hamburgers.

3. What is the author's attitude/towards plant-based burgers?

A．Doubtful

B．Supportive

C．Disapproving.

D．Neutral

4. Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage?
I: Introduction                      P: Point     Sp: Sub-point(次要点)     C: Conclusion

A．	B．
C．	D．

9 . During the month of September， a dear friend of mine lost her husband suddenly in an accident． This accident was sudden and certainly unexpected． We sometimes take our love ones for granted， and we expect that they will be with us forever． However， as we all know， life does not work that way and sometimes we get a wakeup call that shocks us and realize how short life is．

In comforting her， I tried to imagine if I was in her shoes how I would feel． It was impossible to imagine what she was going through． What words do I say to help her？ Sometimes words just cannot express our feelings． Sometimes our actions are much more meaningful than words． A hug can sometimes express more than our words will ever express． Sometimes， just being there to listen is more meaningful and helpful to people．

As I was leaving the funeral parlor（殡仪馆）， I ran into Marilyn． She is one of those friends who is with you in the good times and is always by your side in the bed times． She has a sense of humor that makes everyone feel at ease． We chatted for a few moments， and then she asked me how my job was． I was telling her I was having a stressful week with my job． She listened to me， then without saying a word， she took her hands and placed them on my face， and said to me， "But at least you have a day．"

Since that day， when I start feeling stressed， I remind myself of Marilyn's words --- but at least I have a day! Things could be a lot worse， but I am alive and I have a lot to be thankful for ----- so I shall not waste my days with stress and frustrations（挫折） ------- life is too short．

1. The author was most likely to comfort her friend by ______ ．

A．saying many kind words to her friend	B．imagining how sad her friend was
C．listening to her friend sincerely	D．going through a lot of troubles

2. According to the author， Marilyn was ______ ．

A．strong， honest and clever	B．positive， helpful and humorous
C．lucky， active and determined	D．wealthy， noble and friendly

3. By saying "but at least you have a day"， Marilyn means that ______ ．

A．a day is long enough or you

B．you will die soon after the day

C．life is really too short for all of us

D．you are still alive and should be grateful

4. Since the conversation， the author ______ ．

A．has thought highly of Marilyn	B．has valued her life quite a lot
C．has met with many difficulties	D．has enjoyed stress and troubles

10 . Recently, a woman who lives in a small apartment in San Francisco asked me a question. She wanted to know how to prepare for a big earthquake. In fact, it’s quite necessary for people in San Francisco to do that. Since she lives in an apartment, she cannot store water in a backyard or place a rain collection system. Here is my answer to her.

Firstly, you should store water and food. Storing water is actually very easy. A gallon per day is enough for you to drink. You can buy one of those 5-gallon spring water containers and put it in the kitchen. Check the expiration date (截止日期), and get some new water when needed. Food isn’t that hard, either. Get a few cans of soup, some canned fruit, and canned chickpeas or beans. Make sure they all can be eaten without heating. This will cost less than DS|20 and take up very little space in your kitchen. Throw a cheap can­opener in there while you’re at it, tape (用胶带粘贴) it to the can, and forget about that one, too.

Secondly, first aid is going to let you stay out of limited medical facilities (装备), allowing you to avoid getting truly injured. In a big disaster, you’ll probably get hurt. Being able to clean and protect a skin wound is important. The Red Cross first-aid kit is cheap (DS|16) and small, and contains what you need.

Finally, information is almost as important as the other two. You really want a small radio to know what is going on around you. There are going to be shelters, first-aid facilities, and safe and unsafe areas. You need a radio to know where they are. The National Guard will be somewhere helping out, and you need to learn where. The network will probably be down, so you can’t count on that.

Therefore, you just need DS|60 and about 30 minutes of shopping, and then you can survive for 3 days without any help.

1. What was the woman’s problem?

A．She was afraid of big earthquakes.

B．She didn’t have a backyard to store her things.

C．She didn’t know how to prepare for a big earthquake.

D．She didn’t know how to set up a rain collection system.

2. The underlined part in Paragraph 2 means the woman should________.

A．buy another can-opener

B．just leave the can-opener there

C．forget everything she has done

D．tape the can-opener to the can

3. What does the author think of preparing a first-aid kit?

A．It’s not an easy thing to do.

B．It can’t be used to save a life

C．It’s important in an earthquake.

D．It’s too limited for people in a disaster.