1 . Directions: After reading the passage belows fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Though a student’s complaint that a question is too hard might be more a matter of effort than ability, it is true       1    some questions are just harder than others. The difficulty of a question or assignment comes down to the level of critical thinking it requires.

        Simple skills such as identifying a state capital are quick and easy to assess, while complex skills such as the construction of a hypothesis are more difficult     2    (quantify). Bloom’s taxonomy(认知分类)     3    be used to make the process of categorizing questions by difficulty easier and more straightforward.

Blooms taxonomy is a long-standing cognitive framework that categorizes critical reasoning in order to help educators set more well-    4    (define) learning goals. Benjamin Bloom,     5     American educational psychologist, developed this pyramid to define levels of critical thinking required by a task. Since its inception in the 1950s and revision in 2001, Bloom’s Taxonomy     6     (give)teachers a common vocabulary for naming specific skills required for proficiency.

There are six levels in the taxonomy that each     7    (represent) distinct levels of abstraction. The bottom level includes the most basic cognition and the     8    (high) level includes the most intellectual and complicated thinking. The idea behind this theory is that students cannot be successful in applying higher-order thinking to a topic     9    they have first mastered a ladder of rudimentary tasks.

The goal of education is to create thinkers and doers. Bloom’s taxonomy gives a path to follow from the beginning of a concept or skill to its end, or to the point       10    students can think creatively about a topic and solve problems for themselves. Learn to incorporate all levels of the framework into your teaching and lesson plans in order to scaffold(提供支架) the learning that your students are doing.

2 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Located at the western part of Hangzhou City, less than 5 kilometers from the West Lake, Xixi National Wetland Park is a unique spot considering its urban neighborhood. The park is the first and only wetland park     1     (combine) urban life with farming and culture.

The park     2     (consist) of three causeways and ten famous sights covers     3     total area of 11.5 square kilometers. River ports, ponds, small lakes and marshes occupy approximately 70%of the park, which explains its wetland environment. With many rivers, the whole wetland     4     (divide) into different sections: the east, the west and the central part. The latter is the very place    5     attracts the majority of tourists while the other parts are fairly quiet. Recently the government set up ecological protection zones. There is also a Wetland Science Exhibition Hall     6     (find) at the park's main entrance.

The park has a long history with profound cultural heritage and it has even been regarded     7     a pure land for hermits (隐士). With its wonderful landscape and natural environment Xixi is not only a paradise for plants.     8     also many birds too. With flocks of birds flying freely in the sky, Xixi is a     9     (harmony) window to a natural eco-system.

Xixi National Wetland Park is also the place where the annual “Xixi International Dragon BoatRace” is held.     10     (traditional), this festival was to mourn the patriotic poet Qu Yuan   (343 BC–278 BC) but now Xixi International Dragon Boat Race, with its strong charm and traditional customs, has become a carnival for all Hangzhou citizens.

3 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Grocery store design is a carefully crafted art from both psychological and marketing standpoints, according to Reeves Connelly,     1     studied architectural design at the Pratt Institute. He explained there is a reason why fruit and vegetables are often located at the front of the store, “You’ll grab them first and then     2     (hope) feel less guilty about buying junk food later on.” Meanwhile, essential items such as milk and eggs     3     (place) at the back of the store to ensure customers walk through other aisles with many unhealthy options, potentially     4     (increase) the likelihood of impulse purchases.

There’s also a reason why you often feel lost in local supermarkets. They move things around. Reeves explained, “They are well aware that these strategies become less effective after you visit the store a few times, so they’ll regularly move the     5     (produce) to different aisles to confuse you. The practice is not limited to     6     specific store but is employed across     7     (vary) retail chains.”

“Their little tricks always work on me,” one regular shopper admitted, “I walk in to get three things and end     8     spending $300,” he said. On the other hand, some shoppers are proud to declare they have never fallen into the trap. “That’s why I always keep a shopping list on     9     (I),” another shopper shared.” “I’ve started having my groceries     10     (deliver),” he added.

4 . Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

From Passion to Structure: The Journey of Small Businesses

Wal-Mart started small. So did Microsoft. So did Apple. So did General Electric and Ford and almost every other company     1     made it big. They didn’t start by acquisition or achieve mass scale overnight. Nearly every company or organization starts the same way: with an idea.     2     an organization grows to become a multi-billion-dollar corporation like Wal-Mart or fails in the first few years, most of them started with a single person or small group of people who had an idea.

At the beginning, ideas     3     (fuel) by passion — that every convincing emotion that causes us to do quite irrational things. That passion drives many people to make sacrifices so that a cause bigger than themselves can be brought to life. Some drop out of school or quit a perfectly good job     4     a good salary and benefits to try to go it alone. Some work extraordinarily long hours without a second thought, sometimes     5     (sacrifice) the stability of their relationships or even their personal health. This passion is so exciting that it can affect others as well.     6     (inspire) by the founder’s vision, many early employees demonstrate classic early-adopter behavior. Relying on their courage, these first employees also quit their perfectly good jobs and accept     7     (low) salaries to join an organization with a 90 percent statistical chance of failing. But the statistics don’t matter; passion and optimism persist and energy is high. Like all early adopters, the behavior of those who join early says more about them than     8     does about the company’s prospects.

The reason why so many small businesses fail, however, is     9     passion alone can’t cut it. For passion     10     (survive), it needs a structure. A WHY without HOWs, passion without structure, has a very high probability of failure.

5 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Have you ever paused to see clouds when you rush to your destination? There’s a group of passionate “treasure finders”     1     (devote) to observing and capturing (捕捉) the beauty in the sky — cloud spotters.

Cloud spotters take a more serious approach to make sense     2     the sky. They would even take photos of the clouds they spot     3     match them to cloud type names.

Ji Yun, 36, is an expert in cloud spotting. He set up a WeChat group     4     (gather) together people with similar     5     (hobby) in 2013. As the number of group members continued to grow, Ji and several cloud enthusiasts     6     (create) dozens of online groups for different regions in China,     7     (form) the Sky Enthusiasts Association in 2019.

    8     (current), there are thousands of people across these different groups. There, enthusiasts share the clouds they have captured for discussion.

Cloud spotting, in fact,     9     (be) an invitation to be amazed by something so common every day that we’ve become blind to it.

“Clouds change in the blink of an eye. And when they roll over the sky, I feel the passage of time has     10     concrete shape,” said Jiang Na, a 25-year-old cloud spotter in Beijing.

6 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡相应的位置上。

England is the     1     (big) of the four countries in the United Kingdom. Together with Scotland and Wales, these three countries are the island of Great Britain.

The official language of England is English, which     2     (speak) today by millions of people all over the world. Many students go to England from other countries     3     (study) the language and learn about the culture.     4     everyone speaks English, there are many different accents (口音) around the country. French     5     (be) the official language in England between 1066 and 1362,     6     is why there are many French words and expressions in English such as “bon voyage” for “have a good trip” or “bouquet” for “a bunch of flowers”.

English people love music.     7     the summer you can go to music festivals all over the country like those at Glastonbury, Leeds or Reading. Glastonbury is     8     five-day festival of music, dance, comedy, theatre and circus and around 175,000 people go. Many people stay at the festivals for a few     9     (day) and camp in tents. People listen to all types of music,     10     (especial) pop and rock. England has produced many international groups and singers like the Beatles, Amy Winehouse, Coldplay, Ed Sheeran and Adele.

7 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Facial surgery (手术) is a serious business, especially on children     1     are not yet fully grown but Melbourne researchers are developing a technique that could change the face of children’s surgery.

This new     2     (develop) will allow doctors to work out a child’s normal face shape at different ages to predict (预测) future growth.

Researchers at the Murdoch Children’s Research Institute (MCRI) could soon replace the ruler currently     3     (use) to track changes in a child’s head and face with 3D images. By     4     (improve) the ability to predict normal growth and future changes in a child’s face, doctors will be able to    5     (well) complete their surgery than before.

MCRI’s Mr Harold Matthews said current     6     (method), including using patients’ photographs and X-rays were slow. Together     7     researchers in Belgium, Mr Matthews is pioneering a new tool that provides averages (平均值) for normal growth of the face throughout childhood.

The project intends     8     (take) some of the guesswork out of surgery. For example, in children with Pierre Robin Sequence, a serious condition which means they are born with an underdeveloped jaw(下颚), some doctors choose to fix it early while others wait to see if the child’s face will     9     (natural) correct itself as it grows. Without this new technology,     10     is difficult to know which method is better for each child.

8 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

At first I didn’t want to be a traffic police officer. I wanted to be a criminal police officer. When I     1     (assign) to the traffic police at the beginning, I was a little     2     (disappoint).

Later I found out that traffic police is the most commonly seen on the street, and there is indeed a lot of danger. With our help, traffic problems can be tackled, and life can run     3     (smooth).

There are the motorcycles     4     weigh more than 250 kilograms, still not quite suitable for women. In times like this, my passion for this job is what keeps me going. I first got a motorcycle rider’s License and enrolled in a gym to do     5     (strong) training. You have to be able     6     (handle) the motorcycle first before riding it.

If there’s     7     emergency, such as a pregnant woman or someone else needing to get to the hospital urgently. When we’re on duty, if a driver sees us, he or she pulls over and urges us to intervene,     8     (say) something like, “Can you help us get through? We’re     9     the way to the hospital.” We can clear the way right away.     10     time permits, we even get the person to the hospital. Moments like this make me feel very proud.

9 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Today, pork is the No. 1 meat product in China, which even     1     (have) symbolic meanings in Chinese culture. In some places, a pig’s head still must be served on the second day of the second month in the lunar calendar     2     (please) the dragons that are awaking from     3     (they) winter sleep.

However, before the Tang Dynasty (AD 618-907), it was     4     (rare) seen on dining tables. Ancient Chinese doctors even doubted its nutritional value. For example, Sun Simiao (Tang Dynasty) considered     5     (eat) pork for long period of time made people more likely to get sick.

The turning point for pork came in the Song Dynasty (AD 960-1279) when     6     not-so-wealthy poet, Su Shi (1037-1101), found his simple ways to cook it. Back then pork was much     7     (cheap) than lamb and beef because it     8     (dislike) by the rich while the poor didn’t know how to cook it properly. Unable to afford either beef     9     lamb, the poet just stewed (炖) pork with radish and shared it with friends. They wrote beautiful poems about the so-called “Dongpo pork”, which instantly gained popularity in southern China     10     the environment was ideal to raise pigs.

10 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Shanghai has added another 162 parks this year, bringing     1     total to 832 and making a big step towards     2     (it) goal of “a city in the parks”. Of the 832 parks, 265are pocket parks that provide small outdoor places     3     (cover) an area of between 400 to 10,000m² for the public.

Parks in Shanghai are not just places to relax or take a walk.     4     (actual), they have become “ecological parlors (客厅)” of the city, in     5     people can enjoy various activities. For example, one of the parks     6     (feature) art and cultural elements to enrich the visitor experience. At present, around 200 activities have been scheduled for these parks.

Shanghai is also developing a number of parks with     7     (diverse) functions than the present ones. Heping Park in Hongkou District is going to introduce a bookstore with a     8     (collect) of more than 1,500 journals. while Lujiazui Central Greenland in the Pudong New Area will host coffee-themed activities such as coffee culture festivals. A pop-up cafe. Coffee Cube, is to start trial operation in the park next month.

Of course, parks have also become sports and fitness venues (场地), and nearly 300 parks in urban areas have been equipped     9     fitness and sports facilities (设施). Xujiahui Park in Xuhui District has constructed a basketball court, a fitness track and a table tennis venue, and Gongqing Forest Park and Binjiang Forest Park have introduced activities such as fishing and walking     10     (raise) health awareness among the public.