1 . Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once.

A. positive   B. relationship C. obviously D. aged AB. improve AC. performance AD. significant BC. similarly BD. electronic CD. greet

Being able to multitask-- doing several things at the same time is considered a welcome skill by most people. But if we consider the situation of the young people    1    from eight to eighteen, we should think again.

What we often see nowadays is that young people juggle (玩）an ever larger number of     2     devices as they study. While working, they also surf on the Internet, send out emails, answer the telephone and listen to music on their ipads. In a sense, they spend a     3     amount of time in fruitless efforts as they multitask.

Multitasking is even changing the     4     between family members. As young people pay so much attention to their own worlds, they seem to have no time to spend with the other people around them. They can no longer     5     family members when they enter the house, nor can they eat at the family table.

Multitasking also affects young people's    6     at university and in the workplace. When asked about their opinion of the effect of modern gadgets(器具)on their performance of tasks, many young people gave a     7     response. However, the response from the worlds of education and business was not quite as positive. Educators feel that multitasking by children has a serious effect on later development of study skills. They believe that many college students now need help to     8     their study skills;     9    , employers feel that young people entering the job market need to be taught all over again, as modern gadgets have made it unnecessary for them to learn special skills to do their work.

2 . Nothing seems more inevitable than aging and death ---- not even taxes. Every plant, animal and person you have ever seen will _________ die. But some recent research suggests that aging as we know it may not be inevitable. Indeed, as our _________ of it grows, aging can be viewed not as an unchangeable reality from which there is no escape, but as the product of biological processes that we may be able to _________ someday.

We already know that some animals do not seem to age. Many cold-water ocean fish and some amphibians (两栖动物) never _________ a fixed size; they continue to grow bigger, to be able to reproduce and to live until something kills them. What these _________ seem to be telling us is that something in their genes ---- and possibly in ours ---- controls the _________ of aging, and that aging is not the fate of every living thing.

_________ the history of life on earth, one of the most common difficulties that animals (and their cells) have faced has been a lack of food. About 70 years ago, scientists discovered that when animals are forced to live on 30 to 40 percent fewer calories than they would _________ eat, something unusual happens: they become _________ to most age-related diseases ---- cancer, heart disease, diabetes (糖尿病) ---- and live 30 to 50 percent longer. Restricting calories __________ aging. But what are the __________ genes that preserve vitality( 生命力 ) and starve off（抑制） diseases?

About 15 years ago, armed with powerful new molecular-research techniques, a few scientists began to __________ these genetic phenomena. They have discovered that a gene called Sir2 ---- which is present in all animals, including humans ---- is __________ for the health benefits of calorie restriction, perhaps by repairing our DNA. But if we had to restrict our calorie intake by 30 to 40 percent, would it be of any __________ use? Few of us would be capable of restricting our diets so severely that we were constantly __________ : whether or not it made life longer, it would surely make life feel longer.

1.

A．suddenly

B．eventually

C．generally

D．unexpectedly

2.

A．desire

B．feeling

C．understanding

D．dream

3.

A．develop

B．design

C．control

D．solve

4.

A．reach

B．acquire

C．require

D．indicate

5.

A．objects

B．samples

C．items

D．creatures

6.

A．nature

B．system

C．speed

D．condition

7.

A．Through

B．Throughout

C．Beyond

D．Across

8.

A．rarely

B．occasionally

C．normally

D．mainly

9.

A．resistant

B．similar

C．essential

D．accessible

10.

A．quickens

B．slows

C．avoids

D．overcomes

11.

A．horrible

B．extra

C．specific

D．original

12.

A．investigate

B．illustrate

C．record

D．prove

13.

A．famous

B．generous

C．responsible

D．convenient

14.

A．fashionable

B．practical

C．immediate

D．daily

15.

A．happy

B．depressed

C．hungry

D．scared

3 .

A．The woman enjoyed the movie very much.

B．The woman didn’t sleep well because of the movie.

C．The man asked the woman to be careful at night.

D．The man invited the woman to go to the theatre together.

4 . Travelling, at least travelling any considerable distance, means dealing with airports. I've seen my share of airports. They come in several _______. The smallest I have been through was in the African town of Hoedspruit where the main waiting area was smaller than many school classrooms, security and ticket checking were both _______ by one person who was also controlling the gate onto the airfield and you had to walk out to the plane and climb the stairs to get in. It was even smaller than Canada's Moncton airport where the person taking the tickets was also one of the two _______ on our flight.

At the other extreme are the _______, modern airports in the world's major cities. LAX, in Los Angeles has two parallel runways and provides the unusual opportunity to watch out the window of your landing aircraft as another one lands right beside you. Some, such as Beijing's Capital International Airport, SeaTac in Seattle and the International Airport in San Francisco, like those in Hong Kong and Shanghai, have _______ terminals connected by different buses or underground trains. Finding a connecting flight often means changing terminals, which can be a little _______.

Heathrow airport in London, England, _______ that bigger is not always better. Heathrow consists of terminals used by various _______ and is centered around an area that contains stores and restaurants. At Heathrow the tired traveller gets the _______ that they want you to spend your time in the stores because they won't announce the gate from which your flight will leave until about an hour before flight time. Given that they start to get people onto the planes half an hour before takeoff that leaves just 30 minutes to find and ________ your gate, some of which are a 15-minute walk from the store area. There is absolutely no ________ for this because the airport authorities know even before the day begins how many flights are arriving and departing and where they plan to put them. If I have just come off one long flight and I'm waiting for another, what I want is a quiet place, not an area ________ bright lights and noisy shoppers.

Travel, for me, is interesting but when I have to fly, getting there is ________ not half the fun. Airplanes are very efficient way to move people long distances and airports are a(n) ________ part of the process. Most airport do their best to provide a good travelling experience but they are to be ________, not really enjoyed.

1.

A．types

B．cities

C．areas

D．sizes

2.

A．identified

B．handled

C．promoted

D．processed

3.

A．guards

B．astronauts

C．pilots

D．passengers

4.

A．tremendous

B．crowded

C．international

D．fashionable

5.

A．flexible

B．multiple

C．available

D．irregular

6.

A．exciting

B．astonishing

C．confusing

D．encouraging

7.

A．regulates

B．emphasizes

C．encounters

D．demonstrates

8.

A．functions

B．departments

C．airlines

D．authorities

9.

A．recreation

B．presentation

C．announcement

D．impression

10.

A．look for

B．get to

C．meet at

D．check out

11.

A．exception

B．doubt

C．apology

D．excuse

12.

A．filled with

B．dominated by

C．decorated with

D．recognized by

13.

A．increasingly

B．permanently

C．attentively

D．definitely

14.

A．effective

B．optional

C．necessary

D．suitable

15.

A．simplified

B．endured

C．declared

D．paralleled

5 . Directions: Read the following three passages. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

Singapore's Information Technology Strategy

Singapore's information technology strategy rests on two major legs. The first leg is world-class basic facilities. Being a city-state, it is relatively easy to connect every home, office and hotel room. Our objective is to provide broad-band everywhere, either wired or wireless. We will make it a readily available utility like water, electricity, gas and telephone. We are well on our way there. We now require, by regulation, every new home to be equipped with broad-band in the same way as it is required to have water and electricity.

The second leg is the education of our entire population in IT (information technology). Like reading, writing and arithmetic, computers are best learnt when we are young. Today's children can click the mouse faster than we can blink. In many countries, children of middle-class families have no difficulty with this new technology. But, without special effort, there is a danger that children of poorer families will miss out on the opportunity to learn IT. Like the piano and violin, one can still learn the computer as an adult. But rarely does one acquire the same facility. The strategy in Singapore is therefore to teach information technology to every child regardless of his family background. The Education Ministry now has a multi-billion dollar programme to provide one computer for every 2 schoolchildren in Singapore from first grade onwards. Every teacher will have a notebook.

Most Singaporeans now understand the importance of IT, if not for themselves, at least for their children and grandchildren. Over 40% of households in Singapore now own PCs. Over one-third of households in Singapore already enjoy access to Internet. What we want is for every Singaporean to be computer literate so that he can function effectively in any bank, factory or restaurant, just as one would expect an employee to be able to read, write and count. An employer in Singapore in the future should not have to worry that his employee does not now how to use a computer or the Internet.

6 . Up-skilling is the future - but it must work for everyone

Automation and job replacement will be one of the most significant challenges for the global economy of the coming decades. A 2017 Mckinsey report established that 375 million workers will need to switch occupational categories by 2030. The World Economic Forum suggests that by 2022, automation will replace 75 million jobs globally - but create 133 million new ones.

Research into the likelihood that a job will be impacted by digitization has largely focused on the "auto-matability" of the role and the following economic regional and political effects of this. What this research doesn't take into account is something more important for the millions of taxi drivers and retail workers across the globe: their likelihood of being able to change to another job that isn't automatable. Recent research suggests that the answer to this may be that the skills that enable workers to move up the ladder to more complex roles within their current areas might be less important than broader skills that will enable workers to change across divisions.

In July, Amazon announced that it would spend $700 million retraining around 30% of its 300,000 US workforce. While praiseworthy, it will be interesting to see the outcome. In the UK, the National Retraining Scheme has largely been led by employers, meaning that those on zero-hours contracts and part-time workers - often low-skilled --- will miss out. Governance will be a crucial element of ensuring that such schemes focus on individuals and life-long learning, rather than upskilling workers into roles that will soon also face automation.

According to the Mckinsey report, "growing awareness of the scale of the task ahead has yet to translate into action. Public spending on labour-force training and support has fallen for years in most member countries of the Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development," which impacts more than just the low-skilled.

The global impact of automation is also put into relief by research demonstrating that, between 1988 and 2015, income inequality increased throughout the world. Billions of people do not have the essentials of life as defined by the UN Sustainable Development goals.

Alongside climate change, automation is arguably tech's biggest challenge. As with globalization, governments and employers -- and us workers -- ignore its potential consequences at risk to ourselves.

1. It can be known from Paragraph 2 that ________.

A．recent research has found ways to face automation

B．broad skills are of great significance in changing jobs

C．regional economy can affect the automatability of a job

D．it is even harder for workers to move up the social ladder

2. What is the author's attitude towards retraining programs?

A．Supportive.

B．Critical

C．Doubtful

D．Sympathetic

3. According to the author, what is one consequence of automation?

A．Less spending on training	B．A slowdown of globalization
C．Social unrest and instability.	D．An increase in income inequality

4. The passage is written to ________

A．argue the urgency of creating new jobs

B．compare globalization with automation

C．analyze the automatability of certain jobs

D．stress the important of upskilling workers

7 . When women do become managers, do they bring a different style and different ______     Are they better, or worse, managers than men? Are women more highly motivate committed than male managers?

Some research ______ the idea that women bring different attitudes and skills to management jobs. such as greater ______, an emphasis on attachment, and a willingness to involve ______ factors in making workplace decisions. These differences are seen to carry advantages for companies, because they expand the range of techniques that can be used to help the company ______ its workforce effectively.

A study undertaken by the International Women’s Forum discovered a management style used by some women managers that differs from the command-and-control style ______ used by male managers. Using this “interactive leadership” approach, women encourage______, share power and information, enhance other people’s self-worth, and get others excited about their work. All these things reflect their belief that ______ employees to contribute and to feel ______ and important is a win-win situation -- good for the employees and the organization. the study’s director predicted that “interactive leadership might emerge ______ the management style of choice for many organizations.”

1.

A．assignments

B．opportunities

C．advantages

D．techniques

2.

A．supports

B．drops

C．opposes

D．approves

3.

A．authority

B．competition

C．aggressiveness

D．cooperativeness

4.

A．positive

B．countless

C．emotional

D．commercial

5.

A．employ

B．manage

C．assess

D．arrange

6.

A．barely

B．traditionally

C．effectively

D．occasionally

7.

A．participation

B．concentration

C．creativity

D．imagination

8.

A．requiring

B．expecting

C．commanding

D．allowing

9.

A．faithful

B．powerful

C．skillful

D．thoughtful

10.

A．into

B．from

C．as

D．with

8 . Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage. Use your own words as far as possible.

Right Colors for Restaurant Walls?

Have you ever noticed that many restaurants have red or orange walls? This fashion comes from the widely held belief that these two colors stimulate the appetite. Restauranteurs hope that by stimulating the appetites of their customers in this way, they can encourage them to order more food.

A large fast - food chain recently decided to test the belief that the color of the decoration affects how much food their customers order. This company has restaurants in major cities across the US and serves customers of all ages, including small children. The traditional decoration of this restaurant chain includes beige（米色的）paint on the walls. For this test, the company painted the walls in half of its restaurants orange, leaving the other half of its restaurants with their original beige walls. In order to make up for the possible influence of cultural differences between cities, the company made sure that in every city where its restaurants are located, there were both restaurants with orange walls and restaurants with beige walls.

The restaurant chain kept track of exactly what foods were ordered in each restaurant for one year before the walls were painted, and then again for one year after the walls had been painted. They found no difference. On average, customers in each restaurant, whether is had beige or of the company said. “We have proven it.”

The wall s of all the restaurants in the chain have been restored to their original beige color. The company president explained that this color is part of the company’s image. Now that the study is over, people might be confused if they walked into a restaurant expecting beige walls and got orange instead, so the company president explained.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

9 . Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in NO MORE THAN 60 WORDS. Use your own words as far as possible. Write your answer on the answer sheet.

To understand the changing role of women in China, consider the runaway success of a novel titled Du Lala’s Rise.   Decades after Mao Zedong declared that women hold up half the   sky,” the success of Du Lala and her peers reflects a curious fact about women in China: they appear to be far more ambitious than their counterparts (对应者)in the United States.

Rjpa Rashid, a senior vice president at the Center for Work-Life Policy, says the rapid growth “creates this excitement”， and builds on a cultural and historical legacy (遗产)in which Chinese women are not just encouraged to participate in the workforce, they are expected to.

One result has been a generation of women and girls who believe they belong among China’s power elite ( 精 英 ). In the US, that shift followed decades of battles over equality and women’s rights. In China, there are fewer institutional barriers for women trying to succeed professionally.

That’s true, too, in the executive suite. Grant Thornton International, the tax consultancy, found that roughly eight out of 10 companies in China had women in senior management roles, compared with approximately half in the European Union and two thirds in the US.     Similarly,       in China, 31 percent of top executives are female, compared with 20 percent in America.

Thirdly, child care is easily accessible in China, enabling them to pursue their careers after giving birth to their children. Fourthly, ambition has become a matter of necessity in fast-paced China, and both the husband and wife have to work in order to keep up with the skyrocketing housing prices.

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

10 . Not too many decades ago it seemed “obvious” both to the general public and to sociologists that modern society has changed people’s natural relations, loosened their responsibilities to kin (亲戚) and neighbors, and substituted in their place superficial relationships with passing acquaintances. However, in recent years a growing body of research   has revealed that the “obvious” is not true. It seems that if you are a city resident, you typically know a smaller proportion of your neighbors than you do if you are a resident of a smaller community. But, for the most part, this fact has few significant consequences. It does not necessarily follow that if you know few of your neighbors you will know no one else.

Even in very large cities, people maintain close social ties within small, private social worlds. Indeed, the number and   quality of   meaningful   relationships   do   not   differ   between more and less urban people. Small-town residents are more involved with kin than are big-city residents. Yet city dwellers compensate by developing friendships with people who share similar interests and activities. Urbanism many produce a different style of life, but the quality of life   does not differ between town and city. Nor are residents of large communities any likelier to display psychological symptoms of stress or alienation, a feeling of not belonging, than are residents of smaller communities. However, city dwellers do worry more about crime, and this leads them to a distrust of strangers.

These findings do not imply that urbanism makes little or no difference. If neighbors are strangers to one another, they are less likely to sweep the sidewalk of an elderly couple living   next door or keep an eye out for young trouble makers. Moreover, as Wirth suggested, there may be a link between a community’s population size and its social heterogeneity (多样性). For instance, sociologists have found much evidence that the size of a community is associated with bad behavior including gambling, drugs, etc. Large-city urbanities are also more likely than their small-town counterparts to have a cosmopolitan(见多识广)outlook, to display less responsibility to traditional kinship roles, to vote for leftist political candidates, and to be tolerant of nontraditional religious groups, unpopular political groups, and so—called undesirables. Everything considered, heterogeneity and unusual behavior seem to be outcomes of large population size.

1. Which of the following statements best describes the organization of the first paragraph?

A．An argument is examined and possible solutions given.

B．Two contrasting views are presented.

C．Research results concerning the quality of urban life are presented in order of time.

D．A detail description of the difference between urban and small-town life is given.

2. According to the passage, it was once a common belief that urban residents .

A．could not develop long-standing relationships.

B．did not have the same interests as their neighbors.

C．tended to be associated with bad behavior.

D．usually had more friends.

3. One of the   consequences   of   urban   life   is   that   impersonal   relationships   among   neighbors .

A．disrupt people’s natural relations.

B．make them worry about crime.

C．cause them no to show concern for one another.

D．cause them to be suspicious of each other.

4. It can be inferred from the passage that the bigger a community is____,

A．the better its quality of life

B．the more tolerant and open-minded it is.

C．the likelier it is to display psychological symptoms of stress.

D．the more similar its interests