1 . You can improve learning by handwriting your class notes. Although computer technology is often necessary today, using a pen or pencil activates more areas of your brain than a keyboard does. These are findings of a new study.

As digital devices (数码设备) have taken over society, “keyboard activity is now often suggested as a substitute (替代品) for early handwriting,” a new study notes. The idea is that typing may be easier for young children. “Some schools in Norway have become completely digital,” notes Audrey van der Meer, the new study’s leader. She believes that “young children should learn to write by hand successfully, and, at the same time, learn to manage a keyboard. ”

Using a pen involves more of the brain than using a keyboard, the new findings show. This is because writing and printing involve complicated movements that activate more areas of the brain. The increased brain activity gives the brain more “hooks” to hang your memories on, Audrey explains.

Think about it. The same movement is required to type each letter on a keyboard. In contrast, when we write, our brain needs to think about the shape of each letter. We also need to use our eyes to watch what shapes we’re writing. And we need to control our hands to press a pen or pencil to shape different letters. All of this uses and connects more areas of the brain.

Along the way, these processes appear to “open the brain up for learning”, says Audrey. So learning through only one form—digital—could be harmful, she worries. She also points out that taking notes by hand encourages “visual notetaking”. Rather than typing blindly, the visual notetaker has to think about what is important to write down. Then, key words can be “interlinked by boxes, arrows, and supplemented by small drawings”.

1. Why does keyboard activity come first for children’s early handwriting?

A．It can train their hands.

B．It may be easier to operate.

C．It has been adopted by many schools.

D．It helps them adapt to the digital society.

2. What does paragraph 4 intend to show?

A．The disadvantages of keyboards.

B．Handwriting turns on parts of the brain.

C．Keyboards require people to “think more”.

D．The relationships between the brain and hands.

3. What can be inferred from Audrey’s words in the last paragraph?

A．We should learn in different ways.

B．Handwriting and drawing are similar.

C．We should challenge our brain to get smarter.

D．Handwriting can help remember new information.

4. What can be the best title for the text?

A．Keyboards are not bad

B．How to read brain activity

C．Handwriting beats typing when taking notes

D．Differences between typing and handwriting

3 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

The snowstorm was supposed to hit the evening of Monday, Jan. 31. I was working from home but I had to leave that afternoon and go to my office to sign an emergency financial aid check for a student. The route to the office took about 30 minutes along the highway. When I got there, my colleague came to my office to co-sign the check, and left. As I was packing up, I noticed he had left his laptop bag in my office.

“I can bring it to you,” I assured him. It was just past 4:30 p. m. The snow wasn’t supposed to start until later. On the way to his place, I picked up a new cellphone charger, and filled up my SUV with gas.

It took me about 15 minutes to get to my colleague’s house, where I dropped off the laptop case and got back on the road. Then the snow started, and it was coming down fast. Within minutes, the windows were fogging up and getting covered with snow, so I rolled down my driver’s side window, thinking I could better follow the edge of the road and keep to a straight line. But really, I didn’t have a clue where I was or even which side of the road I was on.

I called 911, but the dispatcher (调度员) told me that nobody was coming to get me until morning at the earliest. The storm would continue for longer than predicted and I worried I’d freeze to death.

Breathe, I told myself. Panicking won’t help.

I stopped the car, pinning my location on Google Maps, figuring out that I was on a road called Bouvier Lane, in between two farms. I posted this new information to my Facebook community group, pleading for anyone who knew who lived on the farms to help me get rescued.

At 8 p. m., my cellphone rang. It was the son of the farmer, André Bouvier, who owned the land beside the road I was stuck in. He told me that his dad had just helped two other cars get to his house, a father and his two kids, and a couple with their daughter. He comforted me that his dad was coming to get me.

1. 续写词数应为 150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Then, about 45 minutes later, I saw a tall figure, pacing toward me in the dark, carrying a flashlight.

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We reached the house at last, I driving slowly behind Andre Bouvier.

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5 . Are you crazy about teaching young children? Are you looking for an exciting overseas working experience? Then we are the right place for you in Switzerland.

Ylaa Child Care Center has opened its first location in Basel, Switzerland in 2011.The concept has been very successful, and a second location has been opened in May 2012. Ylaa is a day care center for children starting 3 months old till 6 years old. Ylaa is aimed to provide high-quality child care services and an exciting and individual-focused learning program in a multicultural environment.

We are looking for a full time Nursery Teacher.

YOUR TASKS:

● Preparing the program together with other managers and team members

● Working with 1 or 2 other team members to take care of a group of children (6-10 children)

● Managing communication with parents including daily reports, regular meetings and yearly development reports

● Backing up other team members for absences

REQUIREMENTS:

● You are a fluent English speaker and have completed a degree in Early Childhood Education or similar

● You have 2-3 years of working experience with young children in day care centers or nurseries

● Knowledge of German is a plus

● You are at least 24 years old

WHAT WE OFFER:

● Good working conditions: salaries according to Swiss standards, paid vacation, lunch subsidies, insurances

● Internal and external trainings

● Career development opportunities in a growing organization

Please email your complete application. Applications sent via Post will not be considered nor returned.

For more information visit our website www.ylaa.cn.

1. Who is the text intended for?

A．Salesmen.	B．Job hunters.
C．College students.	D．Actors.

2. The person who wants to get the job must ________ .

A．be less than 24 years old

B．have worked with young children for 4-5 years

C．speak two more foreign languages fluently

D．have a degree about early childhood education

3. How should you send your application if you want to apply for this job?

A．By posting letters.

B．By sending an email.

C．By telephone.

D．By interviewing for yourself.

8 . What is your favourite colour? Do you like yellow, orange, red?     1    

Do you prefer greys and blues? Then you are probably quiet, shy, and you would rather follow than lead. You tend to be pessimist (悲观主义者). At least, this is what psychologists tell us, and they should know, because they have been seriously studying the meaning of colour preference, as well as the effect that colours have on human beings.     2     If you happen to love brown, you did so, as soon as you opened your eyes, or at least as soon as you could see clearly.

    3     A yellow room makes most people feel more cheerful and more relaxed than a dark green one; and a red dress brings warmth and cheer to the saddest winter day.     4     A black bridge over the Thames River, near London, used to be the scene of more suicides (自杀) than any other bridge in the area—until it was repainted green. The number of suicide attempts immediately fell sharply. Perhaps it would have fallen even more if the bridge had been done in pink or baby blue.

    5     It is an established fact that factory workers work better, harder, and have fewer accidents when their machines are painted orange rather than black or grey.

A．On the other hand, black is depressing.

B．They tell us, among other facts, that we do not choose our favourite colour as grow up—we are born with our preference.

C．The rooms are painted in different colours as you like.

D．If you do, you must be an optimist (乐观主义者), a leader, an active person who enjoys life, people and excitement.

E．Light and bright colours make people not only happier but more active.

F．Life is like a picture or a poem, full of different colours.

G．Colours do influence our moods—there is no doubt about it.

10 . My first visit to Angkor Wat (吴哥窟) was in 1980. The country had been at war for many years and the temple was deserted and falling to pieces. Plants were growing out of the roofs, and trees were growing in the yards.

Today, the temple is the scene of a busy repair program. A team of 15 Indian experts are organizing a workforce of 400 Cambodians, most of them women, who are cleaning, repairing and rebuilding parts of this temple.

As I walked through the yards, I noticed the Cambodian women devote hours to cleaning carefully a tiny area of stone. Boards are laid down to protect the precious painted stones while the repair work is going on. There are very few machines and little heavy equipment. Workers carry building materials in buckets at the end of long poles. Piles of stones lie in a corner of the yard, waiting to be replaced.

The work of cleaning the stones is watched over by three Indian chemists. It is a very slow task. First they clean the stones with brushes using buckets of a weak chemical. Then gaps between the stones are filled in. Finally another material is painted onto the stones which will protect them from water forever.

Work starts every day at 7 am and goes on until late afternoon six days a week, with a break at midday.

Evening is the best time to visit the temple, after the tour groups have left. As the sun sinks lower, shadows spread across the yard. After sunset, the sky turns pink. The grey stone towers take on a golden color before turning pink. Nowhere else in the world can there be such a quiet, beautiful place.

1. According to the author, which of the following plays the LEAST important role in the repair work?

A．The women workers.

B．The Indian workers.

C．Machines.

D．Skilled workers.

2. The underlined sentence “the temple was deserted” probably means that ________.

A．there was no one in the temple and it was in a poor state

B．the temple was built on a desert and nobody noticed it

C．the temple was very old with a long history

D．the temple was repaired by the Cambodians, most of whom were women

3. To clean the stone, how many steps should be followed?

A．Two.

B．Three.

C．Four.

D．Five.

4. Which work needs a lot of time to do?

A．To get rid of certain types of plants.

B．To carry the building materials.

C．To replace the stones.

D．To clean the stones.