1 . Marine life (海洋生物) in Florida Keys is negatively influenced by two forces: human activity and climate change. The former involves fishing, tourism and diving while the latter causes a large increase in intense hurricanes. Fortunately, when the researchers of Florida Museum of Natural History started looking for sea urchins (海胆) on the ocean floor off the coast of Florida Keys in the summer of 2020, they uncovered their population had relatively been stable since the 1960s.
The researchers visited 27 sites along a 20-mile stretch of coast near Florida Keys looking for tracks that reflected the presence of burrowing echinoids (穴居海胆类动物).“The findings that burrowing echinoids have been highly resilient (有适应力的) against climate change and environmental pollution over the last 60 years was a huge discovery for us.” said study co-author Tobias Grun.
Grun said, “However, we know little about their current distribution, population size, and health. The reason is not the lack of interest by the scientific community but lies in that fieldwork is very expensive.” As the climate crisis progresses, it’s important to understand why some marine creatures are more resilient in bearing the impacts of a worsening environment than others. Grun said, “Evolution may be at play. Some marine animals are very opportunistic. They can tolerate a wide range of abiotic factors like pH, temperature, and salinity, to name a few.”
Grun added, “At this point, our data show that burrowing echinoids are more resilient than many other marine species and are doing comparatively well. That does not mean that we can push our luck and keep going the way we are right now. Our study provides some hope that these creatures are resilient, but much more work is needed to translate our findings into a larger scale. The reasons for their resilience are also widely unknown.”
1. Which has a bad effect on the marine life in Florida Keys?A.Wildfire. | B.Farming. | C.Fishing. | D.Flood. |
A.Indifferent. | B.Important. | C.Subjective. | D.Outdated |
A.The aims. | B.The members | C.The cost | D.The usage |
A.It’s necessary to do further research. |
B.It’s right to keep going the present way. |
C.The reasons for sea urchins’ resilience are well known. |
D.Fish are more resilient than other marine species. |
My wife and I were at a wonderful birthday celebration yesterday for a dear family friend, and the party was filled with many friendly faces, some of whom I had not seen for a while.
Among those faces was a man, who is now an accomplished and highly-regarded lawyer. I interacted with him in a professional sense about 20 years ago. At that time, he and I worked closely together over a period of about six months. We spent some time together, and I got to ask him lots of questions during that time. I don’t think about that time of my life often anymore, but every time I do, I think of him fondly. He was smart, competitive and a great guy.
When we ran into each other yesterday, it became a wonderful opportunity to catch up with the old days. We spoke a lot about the life 20 years ago. We also talked about kids, family and updates on professional pursuits... all the usual stuff. After seeing him, the memories of that time came back vividly. At that time, we were working together on the preparation for a case he was going to handle. We had many conversations about how to prepare for the case. And how he and I got through the difficult period came to my mind immediately.
On the way back home from the party, I thought about the many conversations we had. And then I remembered that he had sent me a book that he said was very important to him but unfortunately, I placed it in the basement without reading. So when I got home, I went into the basement, where I kept all sorts of things from my life.
注意:(1)续写词数应为150个左右;(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
And thankfully, I was able to find the book.
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Immediately, I found his address and drove to his home.
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3 . “From one day to the next, our profession was wiped out. We woke up and discovered our skills were unnecessary.” This is what two successful graphic designers told me about the impact of AI. The old promise—creative workers would be better protected than others from mechanization (机械化) —ruined overnight. If visual artists can be replaced by machines, who is safe?
While there’s plenty of talk about how education might change, little has been done to equip students for a world whose conditions shift so fast. It’s not just at work that young people will confront sudden changes of state. They are also likely to witness more environmental breakdown and the collapse of certain human-made systems.
Why are we so unprepared? Why do we manage our lives so badly? Why are we so expert at material innovation, but so unskilled at creating a society in which everyone can succeed? Why do obvious lies spread like wildfire? What is lacking in our education that leaves such gap s in our lives?
The word education partly comes from Latin, meaning “to lead out”. Too often it leads us in: into old ways of thinking, into dying professions. Too seldom does it lead us out of our cognitive and emotional circles, out of a political and economic system that’s killing us.
I don’t claim to have definitive answers. But I believe the extreme demands, throughout our schooling, of tests and exams reduce the range of our thinking. The exam system creates artificial borders. The intense combined demands of the testing system leave almost no time to respond to opportunities and events, or for children to develop their own interests.
Education should be joyful and delightful, not only because joy and delight are essential to our health and happiness, but also because we are more likely to survive major changes. Schooling alone will not be enough to lead us out of the many crises and disasters we now face. But it should at least lend us a torch.
1. Why does the author quote the two graphic designers?A.To stress the issue of unemployment. | B.To show the wide application of AI. |
C.To indicate the creativity of artists. | D.To set the tone for further discussion. |
A.Object to. | B.Bring about. | C.Meet with. | D.Call for. |
A.The numerous social problems to solve. |
B.The complex features of current society. |
C.The disadvantages of the current education system. |
D.The success of everyone in material matters. |
A.Critical. | B.Tolerant. | C.Approving. | D.Ambiguous. |
It was a hot day. The sun scorched (炙烤) down and everywhere you looked, you could see the heat waves blowing above the sand. John rolled over, realizing that half of his body was well and truly burnt. He had not meant to sleep in the sun but the heat and late nights studying for his examinations made him miserable. Stretching, he got to his feet, picked up his surfboard and looked around. The beach, which had earlier been crowded in the sun, was now comparatively empty. Seagulls flew down to clean up the food of people’s picnic lunches.
The ice-cream van had gone, and so were the lifeguards who were doing first aid on the beach. John looked up to where the sun was and estimated it was about five o’clock. Time to head home. It was “Mum’s Kitchen Rule” that had him moving homewards. If he did not get home in time for dinner, he would go hungry. Wandering along the water’s edge, he happened to glance out to sea. What made him look up at that particular moment, he never knew, but it was the right time for the swimmer he spotted. His hand was up, signaling distress (险情) and he was calling out something.
Quickly John glanced around the beach — no one else was close enough to help the man, and crucially, no one had noticed. Cupping his hands to his mouth, he shouted “Help” to get the attention of other people on the beach. Someone waved back to him and John pointed to the swimmer. “Get help,” he shouted. Then without hesitation, he jumped into the sea with his surfboard. John was a strong swimmer and had a good skill for distance swimming. His coach had tried hard to persuade him to go into competitions but he was not interested.
注意:1.续写词数应为150个左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Now he was swimming for more than enjoyment or medals.
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____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________During my school years, I had only close friend. We spent years together, and we were inseparable, in or out of school. But the Greg moved away, and I never thought it would take more than 40 years to bring us together again.
As children, Greg and I dove into everything with passion. At that time, we were pure (纯真的) and kind, full of curiosity and expectation for life. We raced our bikes and illustrated (给书加插图) our own comic books. We even became attracted to the same girl from around the corner, a sixth -grader named Joanne who barely (几乎不) knew we existed.
The last times a Greg was sometime in 1966. It was so short a meeting that I couldn’t recall saying goodbye before he moved. Since then, we lost touch.
But then, a few summers ago, I saw a familiar woman. “Excuse me. Would your name happen to be Joanne?”
“Uh, yes...” She didn’t recognise me until I explained who I was. We hadn’t exchanged more than a few dozen words in our entire lifetime. “Have you stayed in touch with Greg?” she asked. I was surprised she even knew of our friendship.
“No. I haven’t,” I admitted. “I wish I had.”
Back at the office I checked my messages. I received one email, and then read it from start to finish. The email was from Greg.
Greg had tracked me down through social media. He was now married, had two children and had become a musician and entrepreneur (企业家) . We exchanged several emails before connecting by phone. A month later, my wife and I drove to meet Greg and his family in person.
注意:1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Standing in front of his house, I began to get nervous.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Seeing the photo, Greg handed me a small, old card.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________John and Nancy were left with their grandmother Linda after their mom was hospitalized for illness. They were curious about when they could finally see their mom.
“The hospital won’t allow her to leave until all of her medical bills are settled. I have given your mom all I could, but there’s still a large amount that we need to pay off,” Linda explained. John and Nancy missed their mom a lot and wanted her to come back home as soon as possible.
“What if we put up a lemonade stand (摊位), John?” Nancy asked her older brother.
“We can pick the lemons from the garden and make fresh juice out of them,” she suggested. Her brother smiled, “That’s a great idea, Nancy!” From then on, John and Nancy stayed outside the entire afternoon after school selling lemonade. A week went by, they only managed to earn ten dollars.
On Saturday morning, they sat on the side of the yard, looking worried. After a couple of seconds, their silent pondering (沉思) was interrupted by loud police sirens. “Hey, fellas!” one of the policemen greeted. “My colleague Jacob said that his neighbor had a lemonade stand in front of their yard.” The two children nodded. “I’m sorry, officer. But I didn’t think there would be anything wrong with that. Besides, we didn’t earn a lot,” John tried to explain.
“Don’t worry. You’re not in trouble. I bought a cup of it from you two the other day, remember? I asked why you were selling lemonade, and you told me it was to raise funds to get your mom out of the hospital,” Jacob interrupted upon seeing John and Nancy looked nervous.
“I told my friends over here, and we decided we wanted to help. Come to the back of the police car, and we have something to show you,” Jacob told the kids. They slowly made their way to the back of one of the police cars and saw a nicely-painted wooden lemonade stand. “That’s beautiful!” Nancy said in surprise.
注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
“There’s a big food festival downtown today, and we got you a stand.” Jacob said. “Why not go there and give it a shot?”
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There was a large crowd eager to buy lemonade.
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1. What can we learn from the article in 2017?
A.People’s interest in smartphones. |
B.People’s fears of screen time. |
C.People’s doubt about science. |
A.That the method was wrong. |
B.That the data was not enough. |
C.That the results might be misleading. |
A.The scientists applied different sets of data. |
B.The scientists focused on different situations. |
C.The scientists surveyed different groups of people. |
A.What contents on kids’ phones are. |
B.Whether children should be allowed to use phones. |
C.How much time kids should spend on their phones. |
8 . Decisions in life are rarely black and white but usually involve shades of gray. At dinner time, the decision you face is not between fasting and eating like a pig, but whether to take that extra spoonful of food. When exams are around the corner, your decision is not between quitting them and studying 24 hours a day, but whether to spend an extra hour reviewing your notes. Economists use the term “marginal changes” to describe minor adjustments to an existing plan of action.
In many situations, people make the best decisions by thinking at the margin. Margin means “edge”, so marginal changes are adjustments around the edges of what you are doing. Suppose, for instance, that you ask a friend for advice about how many years to stay in school. If he compares the lifestyle of a person with a Ph. D. to that of a grade school dropout, you might complain that this comparison is not helpful for your decision. You have some education already and most likely are deciding whether to spend an extra year or two in school. To make this decision, you need to know the additional benefits that an extra year in school would offer (higher salaries throughout life and the pure joy of learning) and the additional costs that you would pay (tuition and the forgone salaries while you are in school). By comparing these marginal benefits and marginal costs, you can evaluate whether the extra year is worthwhile.
Individuals and firms can make better decisions by thinking at the margin. A rational decision-maker takes action if and only if the marginal benefit of the action exceeds the marginal cost.
1. What does “fasting” underlined in Paragraph 1 mean?A.Eating or drinking a lot. | B.Eating little or no food. |
C.Eating on a regular basis. | D.Eating without appetite. |
A.To explain marginal thinking. | B.To solve real-life problems. |
C.To evaluate marginal thinking. | D.To encourage adjustments. |
A.It is unnecessary to make minor adjustments to plans. |
B.Comparison makes little sense in decision-making. |
C.People often weigh up benefits and costs of decisions. |
D.Marginal changes are controversial among individuals. |
A.Marginal Thinking Leads to Better Decisions |
B.Marginal Benefit Goes beyond Marginal Cost |
C.Rational Thinkers Exist in All Aspects of Life |
D.Pleasure Results from Effective Comparison |
Mary waited anxiously for her turn in the empty dressing room. Never had she been so nervous before. This competition was of vital importance to her comeback. “If I can win today,” she said to herself, “I can dance on the national stage next month.” Three months ago, her left arm was seriously injured in a car accident. After the medical treatment, she began to recover slowly. She practiced over and over again in order to regain her dancing skills.
“Hi, Mary,” in rushed her friend Jessica “How is your arm? Is it going to influence your performance?”
“I guess it can be tolerated for I am to win the match.” said Mary with a determined look.
“Admirable! But I hear that a girl called Linda is really gifted and strong. She can be your real well-matched competitor. Come on!”
After Jessica left, Mary decided to practice her most difficult spin. “If I don’t try harder, I won’t grasp this chance.” She thought. But her arm began to hurt, making her worried. “Mary, what makes you think you have a chance tonight?” she said to herself. After the pain was gone, she continued to warm up.
A slim girl hurried in and put down an equipment bag on the chair. Then, she took out her dance dress quickly and put it on skillfully. Seeing Mary, she smiled politely and said “Hi, I’m Linda. I am the next one!” Mary nodded in reply but felt uncomfortable. “This is just my competitor. Because of her, I may lose tonight.” Her mind was wandering when Linda let out a scream, “Oh, God, I can’t find my music tape!” Linda searched her bag but in vain. “It may be missing on the way.” With these words, she then rushed out.
注意:1.续写词数应为150词左右;2.续写部分分为两段,请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Suddenly, Mary caught sight of a black box under the chair where Linda put her bag.
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Linda finished her dancing successfully and then came Mary’s turn.
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“Nadia, aji,”Muy called.
Come here, Nadia translated in her head. She followed the sound of her grandmother’s voice to the kitchen.
Muy fired off a set of instructions in Arabic. Nadia caught the words for oil and sugar. “Let me guess,” Nadia said. “You want me to buy groceries?”
Muy smiled. “Yes. Will you use your Arabic?” Nadia sighed. “You know I don’t speak Arabic.”
“Try.”
“I talk like a baby.”
Nadia had come to Morocco every year for as long as she could remember. Her father’s whole family lived here in a small seaside town. She could understand most of what her relatives said, but every time she opened her mouth, her tongue stuck on the words. “Try,” her father would say. “You won’t learn unless you try.” But Nadia didn’t want to try. It was too frustrating(令人沮丧的).
The old town wasn’t big, but it was confusing. The narrow streets twisted into each other like snakes. Nadia loved how kids could move freely here, playing outside or running merrily until dark. The adults watched out for all children, her father said, not just their own.
Nadia weaved past blue doorways, whitewashed walls, and tiny shops until she spotted one that looked familiar. She had been here before with her father, she remembered. Behind the counter stood a boy a few years older than Nadia.
Nadia’s palms started to sweat. She opened her mouth but failed to utter a word. Then she just pointed to the oil and sugar. The boy took the items down from the shelf.
As she paid, the boy asked in Arabic, “Are you Moroccan?”
“My father…,” she began.
He nodded and switched to English, “Half and half. How come you don’t speak Arabic?”
Here we go again. She shrugged(耸肩) and backed out of the shop, cheeks burning. She came to the end of a street where it connected with several others. She should be getting home. But which way to go? She turned right, but the street dead-ended in a courtyard.
注意:
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
She backtracked and ended up in a small square where she had been a few minutes before.
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Looking around at the crowd, Nadia’s eyes rested on the face of an older woman who had joined the group.
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