1 . Sandhya Sriram is impatient. The stem-cell (干细胞) scientist wanted to put her knowledge to use, developing cultivated seafood. Yet no one was doing that in Singapore. So four years ago, she set up a company to create lab-grown crustacean (甲壳纲动物) meat.
Today, the results of her
Shiok Meats has already revealed shrimp, lobster, and crab prototypes (最初形态) to a select group of tasters, and it plans to
But even if that ambitious
“We’re at an interesting stage of a startup; it’s called the Valley of Death,” says Sriram. “We are in the space where we haven’t submitted for regulatory approval yet, but we’re looking to commercialize in the next two years.” Nevertheless, the impatient entrepreneur is
In a word, when science meets seafood, many wonderful things happen naturally.
1.A.Eagerly | B.Hurriedly | C.Incidentally | D.Interestingly |
A.dieter | B.foodie | C.taster | D.vegetarian |
A.discipline | B.enthusiasm | C.discovery | D.mindset |
A.growing | B.investigating | C.increasing | D.targeting |
A.accept | B.adopt | C.grant | D.seek |
A.farm | B.race | C.section | D.line |
A.available | B.affordable | C.competitive | D.profitable |
A.additive | B.cruelty | C.meat | D.salt |
A.guideline | B.transformation | C.condition | D.timeline |
A.demanding | B.directing | C.persuading | D.training |
A.delightful | B.insightful | C.open-minded | D.optimistic |
A.difference | B.emergence | C.sacrifice | D.leap |
A.Tracking | B.Supervising | C.Popularizing | D.Sampling |
A.feeding | B.killing | C.mistreating | D.trapping |
A.captured | B.stranded | C.consumed | D.produced |
2 . In the middle of 2023, a study conducted by the HuthLab at the University of Texas sent shockwaves through the fields of neuroscience (神经科学) and technology. For the first time, the thoughts and impressions of people
Losing the ability to communicate is a deep cut to one’s sense of self.
The proposed legislation recognizes the intensely
While the legal action taken by Chile is the most impactful and
And while it is likely that the first applications of neurotech will be medical, future
Different people, societies, and cultures will disagree on where to draw the line. We are at a(n)
A.eager | B.ready | C.unwilling | D.unable |
A.clearing | B.occupying | C.changing | D.reading |
A.Reducing | B.Restricting | C.Restoring | D.Requiring |
A.irrelevant | B.uncomfortable | C.negligible | D.supportive |
A.needed | B.limited | C.controlled | D.denied |
A.application | B.weakness | C.impact | D.significance |
A.In comparison with | B.In line with | C.At the conclusion of | D.At the cost of |
A.integrity | B.condition | C.disorder | D.function |
A.group | B.general | C.physical | D.personal |
A.interaction | B.chance | C.criticism | D.defence |
A.far-reaching | B.labor-saving | C.short-sighted | D.ill-timed |
A.advances | B.arrangements | C.requirements | D.policies |
A.confidence | B.availability | C.membership | D.movement |
A.mature | B.initial | C.different | D.final |
A.diversified | B.genuine | C.pressing | D.special |
随着人工智能的快速发展,ChatGPT已进入我们的生活,正逐渐影响我们的学习方式和体验,有人认为它会带来诸多便利,也有人心存顾虑。假设你是明启中学的学生王磊,学校贴吧就此话题正在热议,你对此很感兴趣,决定回帖响应。回帖内容应包括:
1. 你是否支持使用ChatGPT;
2. 你的理由。
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近年来,新技术频出。技术进步是否导致了人类社交能力的退化?请写一篇短文表达你的观点及理由。
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5 . The development of bigger brains has long been considered a hallmark of our species’ increased intelligence and subsequent dominance on this planet. The last two million years of our evolution were marked by a nearly fourfold increase in brain volume.
But a growing body of evidence suggests our brains recently changed in an unexpected way: They declined in size sometime following the end of the last Ice Age.
“Most people think of brain evolution happening in this one-dimensional way. It grows, plateaus and stops,” said Jeremy DeSilva, a professor of paleoanthropology at Dartmouth College. “But we’ve lost brain tissue equal to the volume of a lime - it isn’t a tiny little sliver we’re talking about.”
The precise timing of that Post-Ice Age brain shrink has remained a mystery until now. A group of researchers led by DeSilva used a mixture of fossil and modern specimen data to pinpoint that this loss of gray matter happened between 3, 000 to 5, 000 years ago, according to research published in June in the journal Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution.
Many anthropologists had initially assumed that the changes coincided with the appearance of agricultural practices around 10, 000 years ago, and a global shift away from hunting and gathering.
The more-recent dates from DeSilva’s group point to booming eras for ancient civilizations in North Africa, the Middle East and South America -complex societies that they think may have played a role in the shrinkage.
They hypothesized that human societies got so cooperatively organized in the past 3, 000 years that we began relying on what researchers call collective intelligence.
“It is the idea that a group of people is smarter than the smartest person in the group,” said James Traniello, a biology professor at Boston University and one of DeSilva’s co-authors. “So basically, if you live in a group, you solve problems more rapidly, more efficiently and more accurately than what’s possible for any individual.”
Traniello said the inspiration for applying this idea to why human brains may have shrunk came from “ultrasocial” insects such as ants. Ants form highly cooperative societies in which division of labor has favored smaller-brained individuals due to an advanced level of social organization.
The researchers suggested that perhaps our need to maintain a large brain c to keep track of information about food, social relationships, predators and our environment—has also relaxed in the past few millennia because we could store information externally in other members of our social circles, towns and groups.
“We’re so social that we don’t have to know everything anymore,” DeSilva said. “And we collectively then operate as a pretty functional society.”
1. What did Jeremy DeSilva mean by saying “But we’ve lost brain tissue equal to the volume of a lime- it isn’t a tiny little sliver we’re talking about.”?A.The shrinking of human brain is significantly noticeable. |
B.The shrinking of human brain is a normal result of evolution. |
C.The shrinking of human brain is not as serious as we imagined. |
D.The shrinking of human brain is not a big deal. |
A.A species’ body size is not directly related to its brain size. |
B.Cooperative social organization is likely to cause brain shrinkage. |
C.The phenomenon of brain shrinkage is not limited to human beings. |
D.Human beings and ants are among the most cooperative species. |
A.The coming-into-being of agriculture. |
B.The booming civilization in the world. |
C.The advancement of social organization. |
D.The development of information technology. |
A.The reduction of brain size is likely to give rise to serious consequences. |
B.We humans are still the most intelligent and dominant species in the world. |
C.Collective intelligence most probably account for human’s smaller brains. |
D.Social specialization brings more good than harm to us human beings. |
6 . Artist Susan Shepherd is best known for her flower paintings, and the large garden that surrounds her house is the source of many of her subjects. It is full of her favourite flowers, most especially vancties of tulips and poppies. Some of the plants are unruly and seed themselves all over the garden. There is a harmony of colour, shape and structure in the two long flower borders that line the paved path which crosses the garden from east to west. Much of this is due to the previous owners who were keen gardeners, and who left plants that appealed to Susan. She also inherited the gardener, Danny. “In fact, it was really his garden,” she says. “We got on very well. At first he would say, “Oh, it’s not worth it” to some of the things I wanted to put in, but when I said I wanted to paint them, he recognized what I had in mind.”
Susan prefers to focus on detailed studies of individual plants rather than on the garden as a whole, though she will occasionally paint a group of plants where they are. More usually, she picks them and then takes them up to her studio. “I don’t set the whole thing up at once,” she says. “I take one flower up at once,” she says. “I take one flower out and paint it, which might take a few days, and then I bring in another one and build up the painting that way. Sometimes it takes a couple of years to finish.”
Her busiest time of year is spring and early summer, when the tulips are out, followed by the poppies. “They all come out together, and you’re so busy,” she says. But the gradual decaying process is also part of the fascination for her. With tulips, for example, “you bring them in and put them in water, then leave them for perhaps a day and they each form themselves into different shapes. They open out and are fantastic. When you first put them in a vase, you think they are boring, but they change all the time with twists and turns.”
1. In the first paragraph, the author describes Susan’s garden as ________.A.being only partly finished |
B.having a path lined with flowers |
C.having caused problems for the previous owners |
D.needing a lot of work to keep it looking attractive |
A.He felt she was interfering in his work. |
B.He immediately understood her feelings. |
C.He was recommended by the previous owners. |
D.He was slow to see the point of some of her ideas. |
A.She creates her paintings in several stages. |
B.She spends all day painting an individual flower. |
C.She likes to do research on a plant before she paints it. |
D.She will wait until a flower is ready to be picked before painting it. |
A.look best some time after they have been cut. |
B.should be kept in the house for as long as possible. |
C.are not easy to paint because they change so quickly. |
D.are more colourful and better shaped than other flowers. |
Buzzwords (流行词) Capture How We Lived in 2023
While walking along Suzhou Creek to gather material for my latest “Shanghai Expression” column, I was wondering
Near the creek, I encountered Uncle Chen, fishing in a tranquil spot.
“Nice day for fishing,” I said in greeting him.
He looked up with a smile. “Yes, it’s a break from the mobile phono world.”
It
As I talked with Uncle Chen, the bustle of the city
Tourists and locals alike strolled through the area, some engaged in
Office workers walked by holding fancy coffee cups, a sign of the evolving coffee trends
Watching Uncle Chen, tourists, online celebrities, office workers and delivery people, I saw a changing city in a realm of constant change, summarized by a variety of contemporary buzzwords.
Each buzzword has its own story. Each popular phrase offers a peek into the hearts and minds of people, especially the younger generation. Let’s pause
8 . ChatGPT, the new artificial-intelligence technology created by Open AI, has many worrying about the future of education. The two largest public school districts, New York and Los Angeles, have banned the chatbot from their devices and networks, concerned that students may use it to cheat on assignments. Though ChatGPT’s capabilities are limited, it will likely continue to disrupt education as the technology advances.
But educators needn’t fear this change. Such technologies are transformative, but they threaten only the information-centric type of education that is failing to help students succeed. What young people need today is educational models that help them take ownership of their studies. They need instruction that equips them with real-life skills and prepares them for an economy in which rote, mechanical tasks will be increasingly performed by machines. AI may be a useful invention that hastens much-needed educational reform.
Practicing skills to enhance one’s facility with reasoning, analysis and argumentation — rather than memorizing basic information — should be central to learning. These are skills young people will need in future careers and, most important, that AI can’t replicate. Our experience with AI is perhaps best understood when compared with previous disruptions in education. When printed books, for example, began to emerge in the mid-1400s with the advent of the movable type, one can imagine university professors feared that students wouldn’t need to come to class because they could simply buy the book.
Yet in practice, printing had the opposite effect: The number of universities exploded along with the total number of books. The new technology disrupted the mechanical aspect of education, but in doing so it allowed educators to refocus on higher-level skills — the strategic elements rather than the tactical. The same followed the introduction of calculators and spreadsheets, which freed up time that would have been spent memorizing rote algorithms for mathematical problems.
This change didn’t make the underlying skills unnecessary; it merely transformed what could be done with them. The effect of such technology as ChatGPT will likely be similar. The AI will serve as an information-gathering and mechanical-organizing tool, but it won’t eliminate the fundamental need for critical thinking. These skills will persist and only increase in value. Therefore, schools must remember that the value created by education isn’t a head full of facts but a person with the skill to use these facts with the tools available to magnify his effect in the world. AI is best seen as another of these tools, which, when used strategically, can unleash student learning and performance in ways not yet seen.
1. What does this change refer to in Paragraph 2?A.Some public school districts have banned from their devices and networks. |
B.The information-centric type of education is failing to help students succeed. |
C.Artificial-intelligence technology keeps making new progress nowadays. |
D.The development of AI is making a difference to the traditional education. |
A.the new technology disrupts education in our previous experience |
B.the movable type printing negatively impacts our university teaching |
C.such technology helps shift our attention to students’ higher-level skills |
D.AI frees us from memorizing rote algorithms for mathematical problems |
A.instruct students in obtaining as many facts as possible |
B.adopt teaching strategies to enhance students’ performance |
C.equip students with necessary skills with the help of AI |
D.teach students to magnify the effect of tools in the world |
A.AI can save education from itself | B.ChatGPT disrupts educational reform |
C.AI raises worries about school education | D.ChatGPT transforms education at all levels |
9 . Those who had the pleasure of watching Benny Goodman at work saw a rather ordinary-looking man in rimless glasses and a conservative business suit; but they also saw a human being who could play the clarinet(单簧管) like no one before or since. This made Benny Goodman a unique individual.
Other Americans who have stood out from the flock include Joe DiMaggio, Beverly Sill, Ernest Hemingway and Jonas Salk. They, like Benny Goodman, were recognized and honored for no other reason than excellence.
It is doing something better than other people that makes us unique. Yet a surprising number of people still see individuality as a surface thing. They wear garish clothes, dye their hair strange colors and decorate their skin with tattoos to make some kind of social statement. But an ordinary guy who has dyed his hair purple or orange is nothing more than the same person with a funny-looking head.
The whole purpose of individuality is excellence. Those who invent, who improvise(即兴发挥), who know more about a subject than other people do, and who take something that doesn’t work and make it work––these people are the very soul of capitalism.
Charles Kettering didn’t like the idea of cranking a car to make it start, so he invented the electric starter. Henry Ford figured out the assembly-line technique and made it possible to mass-produce automobiles, and Elisha Otis, inventor of the elevator, indirectly created the city sky-line. These people understood that individualism means working at the top of one’s capacity.
The ones with the purple hair and the funky jewelry are just along for the ride, trying to be “different” and not knowing how to go about it.
The student who earns straight A’s on his report card has grasped the idea and has found the real meaning of individuality. So has the youngster who has designed his own spaceship, who gives piano recitals, who paints pictures of the world around him.
Benny Goodman understood it too. This is why he was at his best, blowing his clarinet, in a blue suit and black shoes.
1. The author mentions the appearance of Benny Goodman to _________.A.show what a talented musician should look like |
B.introduce an important figure in the musical world |
C.contrast with his talent in music performance |
D.indicate that he can’t stand out from the flock |
A.an individualist tends to seek difference both in character and appearance |
B.the essence of individualism lies in pursuing excellence to the full |
C.being different in appearance is the very first step to being individual |
D.those who strive to win the recognition of others are real individualists |
A.A scientist who conducts research solely advancing knowledge for the greater good rather than for personal recognition. |
B.A social media influencer who conforms to popular opinions to maintain a large following. |
C.An artist who creates unique works but fail to gain fame and recognition from others. |
D.An entrepreneur who prioritizes ethical considerations over profit in his business practices. |
A.specific to general | B.cause and effect |
C.examples and conclusion | D.comparison and contrast |
假设你是明启中学李华,你校艺术节即将举办主题为“最美瞬间”的摄影展,捕捉“热爱生活、积极向上、全面发展”等正能量的精彩瞬间。现邀请每位同学提供自己生活中的一张照片参展,并撰写摄影作品的介绍供参观者阅读。你打算提供什么样的照片?请写一篇短文作为参展摄影作品的介绍,内容包括:
1) 对该照片的简要描述;
2) 你选择该照片参展的理由。
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