1 . Recently, economist Francisca Antman makes a convincing case that the explosion of tea as an everyman’s drink in late 1700s England saved many lives. This would not have been because of any beneficial substances of the leaf. Instead, the simple practice of boiling water for tea, in an era before people understood that illness could be caused by water-borne pathogens (病原体), may have been enough to keep many from an early grave.

Between 1761 and 1834, the annual death rate decreased considerably, but wages didn’t seem to have risen much and standards of living arguably didn’t increase. Actually, with the rise of the industrial revolution, many people crowded into towns whose sanitation (卫生条件) left much to be desired. Some historians suggested that boiling water for tea might have played a role in this decrease.

“With people coming into cities to work, given the level of sanitation they have, the big killer is water.” says Antman. Using data from over 400 English districts, relating water sources and quality with death rates, she found the key date is 1785 when tea suddenly became affordable for the majority of Britons. There were many things to recommend tea as a drink of the common people: you could make a satisfying drink with just a few leaves, which could be reused for multiple pots, and tea was potentially cheaper than beer, which became expensive both by the complex making process and by a tax on malt (麦芽). She found that deaths dropped in all districts, but those with bad water saw death rates drop 18% more than those with good water.

Interestingly,while there wasn’t a noticeable decrease in deaths among children aged two to five — who typically didn’t consume much tea — there was a slight fall in infant deaths, perhaps reflecting the fact that if tea-drinking parents had less diarrheal (腹泻) disease, their very young children might have been protected a bit as well.

Taylor Swift does great donation to help victims of tornadoes

Severe storms and tornadoes have killed at least six people in Tennessee,     1    (include) a child, with homes and businesses suffering a heavy     2    (lose) and tens of thousands of people losing power.According to reports in the US, Taylor Swift,     3    was recently declared a billionaire, has donated 1million dollars     4     the Community Foundation of Middle Tennessee (CFMT).

Although born in Pennsylvania, Swift has a close relationship with Tennessee, having moved to Nashville with her family at the age of 14     5    (follow) her musical dream.

Her music catalogue since 2019 is worth an estimated $400m, ticket and merchandise sales from concerts have earned her 370 million dollars while streams from Spotify, YouTube and other     6    (platform) are value d at 120 million dollars.

The Eras tour alone     7    (generate)hundreds of millions of dollars so far, with another year to go until it draws to a close. The tour is the latest show of charity from the 33-year-old, who     8    (award)Time magazine’s Person of the Year last week while Forbes ranked her the world’s fifth most     9    (power)woman.

The CFMT operates a fund supporting non-profit organizations providing services in all phases of a disaster.

The National Weather Service issued multiple tornado warnings in Tennessee with reports of     10     further tornado in Kentucky.

4 . Any creature or person that has both organic (与有机体有关的) and non-organic body parts can technically be considered a cyborg. This means that anyone who has a pace-maker to control their heartbeat, or a cochlear implant (耳蜗移植) to restore their hearing, could technically be called one.

The above are examples of “restorative” cyborgs, because technology is restoring an ability that a healthy human would normally have. More recent advancements in this field include robotic arms and legs, which are controlled by sensors (传感器) to receive muscle signals. Recently, brain implants have allowed disabled people to perform simple computer tasks.

But with these rapid advances in technology, another variety of cyborg will soon become more common— ‘Advanced’ cyborgs. If it’s possible to make man-made body parts which are as good as their organic ones, then surely it will become possible to make ones that are even better.

Possible cyborg advancements that may exist in the future include man-made joints which increase your speed and strength. Advanced brain chips (芯片) which allow you to control machines with a thought. Or visual implants which improve your eyesight or allow you to see colors that can’t be seen previously to the human eye.

However, some people worry that this technology could be dangerous. New ways of exciting the pleasure centers of people’s brains could lead to new forms of addiction. Others worry that it could lead to inequality in healthcare, with the high cost of implants causing the wealthy to gain further advantages over the poor.

Implants which restore the abilities of those who are injured are a wonderful medical advancement. But as physical enhancements that allow people to do more and live longer become more common, the choice will be between combining with machines or being left behind.

5 . The beaches on Mykonos’s southwest coast are among the Med’s best for parties, but head east to find a different atmosphere among a rocky, golden coastline dotted with sandy bays.

Park your vehicle in the dirt lot and walk over the low dunes to find perfect little Fokos Bay,where deep, sheltered waters offer delightful swimming for all ages. Once you’ve worked up a bit of an appetite, head on over to the renowned restaurant overlooking the sand for a lazy seafood lunch.

If getting your own wheels isn’t an option, Agari is only a 15-minute walk east of the more famous Elia Bcach and on the south coast bcach ferry route. It’s one of the closest uncrowded beaches to Hora, Mykonos’s main town, and home to a lonely cafe that provides sunbeds and sell drinks and snacks.

Wander west around the headland to the next beach along - the gentle arc of Mersini beach, which is usually the least-crowded on Mykonos. Bring your own sun mat and even an umbrella as this beach is service-free: wild and raw, and perfectly matched to a sunbathing without being disturbed.

In the far southeast, about seven miles from Mykonos town, the broad curving coastline of Kalafati Beach is beloved for its steady winds that blow the sails of windsurfers and kite surfers- perfect if you’re looking for sporting action. Rnt boards and get lessons right at the beach at Windsurfing Mykonos.

9 . What kind of music do you like? How do you feel when you listen to your favorite music? Do you think music can make people feel better or help them to learn?

Jen Morgan is a music therapist (治疗师).     1     Jen uses music to help her patients learn new skills. She can also help patients with their speaking and their memory.

Jen uses different activities with her patients. She gets them to listen to music and sing or play along.     2     Jen might get them to clap, jump or dance. Jen also asks her patients to try to remember songs they like.

Jen writes songs and uses them in her therapy work. She says, “    3     I write songs about everything: about getting dressed, about flowers, about my favorite food — you name it! Sometimes my patients help me write songs.”

Jen loves her job as a music therapist. She says, “    4     It’s wonderful to see how music therapy can help children with disabilities. Often children are shy when I first meet them.     5     Music makes people feel good!”

10 . Caroline Fanning is an owner of a small business with a very beautiful mission. As a doll _______ since childhood, Caroline has created A Doll Like Me.

The purpose of this project is to create dolls that would have the same _______ as their owners with disabilities or _______ conditions. It was the dolls’ not having enough _______ that pushed Caroline to begin creating dolls like no other to make the children feel _______. And so, Caroline felt it _______ to start creating representative toys for children.

Caroline thought it was important to _______ dolls to the kids because everyone should have a doll that looks like them. Not only beautiful, the dolls created by A Doll Like Me make a _______ in the lives of hundreds of children.

Fanning has learned to _______ everything from birthmarks to body differences. Each doll is ________ , yet they still have one thing in common—all dolls wear a smile.

Caroline’s ultimate goal is to turn her small business into an official ________ organization where every child in need could get their one-of-the-kind doll free of charge. And many people kindly ________ her project, so she has already reached $38. 000 out of $50. 000 goal on GoFundme. Now many of the dolls are funded by ________ !

In addition to that, Caroline is already ________ with a children’s hospital to make it easier to identify kids whose well-being could be ________ by a stuffed toy which looks just like them!