组卷网 > 知识点选题 > 人与社会
更多: | 只看新题 精选材料新、考法新、题型新的试题
解析
| 共计 78 道试题
完形填空(约250词) | 适中(0.65) |
名校
文章大意:这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者一家多年前去加拿大,穿过蒙大那州到科罗拉多时,遇到当地旅游高峰,没有酒店可住,最终加油站工作人员邀请他们一家到家里住的故事。

1 . Many years ago, when we first went to Canada, we were driving through Montana to Colorado with our two children. As it was getting late we _________looking for a hotel only to find out that it was _________ time in that part of the country, and all the hotels were _________.

Finally, we stopped at a gas station to fill the car up with gas. My husband asked for a(n) _________ book and told the woman at the counter that we were trying to find a hotel. She told us it would be _________. He tried for 15 minutes. When he was _________, the woman, Linda, said she and her family lived nearby and would be happy if we spent the night at her home.

My husband was _________ at her offer of generosity. She called her son to _________us, since she had to work at the gas station till midnight.

When we reached their home, her husband _________ us. He invited us to have coffee and chat while we __________ his wife. She came back past 12 am. We asked if we could slip away in the morning so as not to __________ them. They said we were now __________ and we would have to have breakfast with them.

Next morning, we ate breakfast, and when we were leaving, my husband asked if he could offer some __________. They would not hear of it and __________ we were their guests. We kept in touch with them for many years, and invited them to our home, too. Over the years, we have lost touch with them, but have __________ forgotten their kindness.

1.
A.appreciatedB.riskedC.startedD.imagined
2.
A.holidayB.harvestC.workD.arrival
3.
A.affectedB.recommendedC.decoratedD.booked
4.
A.applicationB.pictureC.textD.phone
5.
A.believableB.significantC.impossibleD.normal
6.
A.gratefulB.pleasedC.embarrassedD.unsuccessful
7.
A.annoyedB.surprisedC.disappointedD.puzzled
8.
A.directB.treatC.congratulateD.teach
9.
A.recognizedB.welcomedC.refusedD.questioned
10.
A.complained toB.turned backC.waited forD.cared about
11.
A.comfortB.disturbC.respectD.hurt
12.
A.strangersB.touristsC.guestsD.passengers
13.
A.responsibilityB.paymentC.kindnessD.praise
14.
A.insistedB.realizedC.predictedD.minded
15.
A.everB.stillC.evenD.never
阅读理解-阅读单选(约350词) | 适中(0.65) |
名校
文章大意:本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一款人工智能软件,该软件能够预测地震造成的损失,实时改变预测,它将成为救援人员的好帮手。

2 . One Concern is an AI company (人工智能公司) in California. It is using machine learning and AI to help firefighters. The company hopes its software (软件) can make exact predictions about earthquake damage. It can tell firefighters how to plan for an earthquake and how to do their jobs better when it happens.

Nicole Hu, a technology officer from One Concern, says the key is to feed the computers a lot of data (数据) about an area. The data may include information about homes and other buildings, the natural environment, and the size of an earthquake. The computers then use the information to make predictions about what would happen if there were an earthquake in the area. It then uses data from past earthquakes to see whether its predictions are any good, and changes its predictive models accordingly.

Gregory Deierlein, earthquake engineer at the Stanford University, says one of the most surprising things about the company’s software is its ability to make use of data from an earthquake as it’s happening, and to change its predictions in real time.

In the past, researchers would collect data after an event and a few years later they’d produce new models, says Deierlein. Now the new models appear in a matter of minutes.

Dan Ghiorso leads the Woodside Fire Protection District (区) near San Francisco, which covers about 32 square miles. He says in the past, when an earthquake hit, he’d have to make educated guesses (based on experience and training) about what parts of this district might be badly damaged and then drive to each place to have a look around. He hopes One Concerns’ software will change that.   “Instead of driving thirty-two square miles, in fifteen minutes on a computer I can get a good idea of the damage,” he says. ‘‘Instead of me taking my educated guess, they’re putting science behind the predictive models.”

1. What do we know about the software’s predictions?
A.They can tell people the size of an earthquake.
B.They are about when an earthquake may happen.
C.They are based on data from many different areas.
D.They can be made before and during an earthquake.
2. What is an advantage of the software according to Deierlein?
A.It can make predictions very fast.B.It is sold at very low prices.
C.It has many different uses.D.It can be used by common people.
3. What does the underlined word “that” in the last paragraph refer to?
A.How to save people during earthquakes.
B.How Ghiorso gets to know earthquake damage.
C.How to train firefighters to make guesses.
D.How Ghiorso looks at new predictive models.
4. How does Ghiorso feel about the new technology?
A.Worried.B.Uncaring.C.Hopeful.D.Doubtful.
阅读理解-阅读单选(约270词) | 适中(0.65) |
名校
文章大意:本文为一篇应用文。文章介绍了北京的钟楼、鼓楼的基本信息,以及前往的方式,票价和开放时间。

3 . Lying on the north-south axis (轴线) line of Beijing City, Bell and Drum Towers were built in 1272 and rebuilt twice after two fires. In one period in history they were the time-telling center of the capital city during the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties (1271-1911).

Bell Tower

The Bell Tower is 47. 9 meters high. This brick-and-stone-made building has two floors. Located on the second floor, the bell is the largest and heaviest in China. It is 7. 02 meters high, with a weight of63tons (吨). It was made of copper (铜), and you can hear its clear sound from far away.

Drum Tower

Situated 91 meters south to the bell tower, it was placed on a 4-meter-high stone and brick groundwork. It is 46. 7 meters high. It is a two-floor wooden building. There was one big drum and 24 smaller ones before, but only the big remains now.

On New Year’s Eve 1990, the bell was rung again and the drum was rung on New Year’s Eve 2001 after being silent for so long. Since then, the drum and the bell have sounded 108 times every New Year’s Eve.


How to get to Bell Drum Towers
By Subway:
1. Take Subway Line 8 and get off at Shichahai Station.
2. Take Subway Line 2 and get off at Guloudajie Station.
By Bus:
1. Take Bus 5, 60, 82, 107, 124, or 635 and get off at Gulou (Drum Tower) Station.
2. Take the Sightseeing Bus 3 and get off at Gulou (Houhai) Station.
Ticket Price: Bell Tower: CNY 15; Drum Tower: CNY 20
Ticket for both places: CNY 30
Opening Hours: 09: 00 to 17: 00
Drum Performances at the Drum Tower: 09: 30, 10: 00, 11: 30, 13: 30, 14: 30, 15: 30, 16: 45
Note: an extra performance is at 17: 15 in high season.
1. What do we know about Drum Tower?
A.Drums are beaten every hour on the hour.
B.There are 8 drum performances in total in high season.
C.Drum Tower is a little bit higher than Bell Tower.
D.In all there are twenty-five old drums now.
2. What do Bell and Drum Towers have in common?
A.Their tickets cost the same.B.They are made of brick and stone.
C.Their heights are the same.D.They have the same number of floors.
3. What is this text?
A.A historical storyB.An introduction to a building.
C.A travel brochure.D.An advertisement for an activity.
阅读理解-阅读单选(约310词) | 较易(0.85) |
名校
文章大意:这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了位于Honesdale Main Street 1030号的Cooperage项目正在进行一系列活动。

4 . A number of events are going on at the Cooperage Project, located at 1030 Main Street in Honesdale. Enjoy!

The Cooperage Maker Fair

The Cooperage Maker Fair will be held from 10:00 am to 4:00 pm on Friday, June 12 on the grounds of the City Museum. The Maker Fair is a place where people show what they are making—a showcase for invention and creativity,and share what they are learning. Anyone interested in presenting their projects, hobbies and experiments should apply to take part at www.cooperagemakerfair.com.

Such Sweet Thunder

At 7:00 pm on Wednesday, June 17, there will be a film screening of comedy Twelfth Night as part of the Such Sweet Thunder: Shakespeare’s Plays on Film Series. Dr.Robert Dugan will introduce the play with a brief background. Admission is free, but due to limited seating, booking is required at www.suchsweetthunder.com.

Sounds Like Teen Spirit

On Thursday, June 24,there will be an event called Sounds Like Teen Spirit from 3:00 pm to 5:00 pm.Sounds Like Teen Spirit is designed to provide an opportunity to showcase the talent of our community’s youth.School-aged students are encouraged to share their performing art on stage at the Cooperage Project!

Great Brazilian Music Tour

On Saturday, June 27,a fantastic opportunity is ready for you to listen to some great Brazilian music by the musical group Minas. It is from 2:30 pm to 4:30 pm, and doors open at 2:00 pm.We encourage children and their families to come to learn all about the rhythm, excitement and sound of Brazilian music.The two-hour performance is sure to be fun for the whole family. The admission charge is $5 for each person, and all the money will go to the local food bank. You can also give away old clothes and money at the entrance.

1. Which event requires people to make a reservation?
A.Such Sweet Thunder.B.Sounds Like Teen Spirit.
C.The Cooperage Maker Fair.D.Great Brazilian Music Tour.
2. When does the event students can put on their own performances at ?
A.On June 12.B.On June 17.C.On June 24.D.On June 27.
3. What can you do at Great Brazilian Music Tour?
A.Show your gift for invention.B.Make a donation.
C.Perform with Minas on stage.D.Learn to make music.
文章大意:这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了响亮而快速的音乐能加快心率,因此,当我们听声音大、速度快的音乐时,我们会感到高度焦虑和压力。而轻柔的音乐与较慢的心率有关,听轻松音乐的人心率较慢,更有助于放松。

5 . Have you experienced a condition when listening to a very loud music makes your heartbeat so fast that you can actually feel the heavy beating? From this experience, we can conclude that loud and fast music_______ the heart rate. Therefore, we have a feeling of high ________ and stress when we listen to loud and fast music. On the contrary, soft music is ______ to a slower heart rate. People who listen to relaxing music have a slower heart rate, _______ to those listening to loud and fast music, or those not listening to music at all.

But why does this happen? Experiments found that the ______ of music on the heart is based on the functioning of the brain. When we hear music, the sound waves are translated into electrical impulses (神经冲动) by the _______. As it is related to the increasing and decreasing of the heart rate, the related effect is produced. Now, is it that only ______ music brings out this effect? Well, listening to soft or relaxing music is surely more ________. However, listening to any type of music you like can be ________, rather than not listening to any music at all.

It is believed that people who have a slower heart rate have a longer life. _______, people having a faster heart rate are at a greater ________ of suffering from cardiovascular (心血管的) diseases. Therefore, having a slower heart rate makes you live a longer and healthier life. When________ slows down the heart rate, it brings about a feeling of ________. Therefore, it is used as a ________ technique. We can conclude by saying that the phrase “Music heals (治疗) the heart” is not just a saying, but a(n) ________!

1.
A.obtainsB.evaluatesC.measuresD.increases
2.
A.natureB.anxietyC.respectD.security
3.
A.integratedB.changedC.linkedD.marked
4.
A.comparedB.adaptedC.exposedD.opposed
5.
A.styleB.effectC.fantasyD.beauty
6.
A.structureB.musicC.brainD.equipment
7.
A.normalB.folkC.modernD.soft
8.
A.abnormalB.unbearableC.unforgettableD.beneficial
9.
A.helpfulB.joyfulC.gratefulD.doubtful
10.
A.InterestinglyB.SimilarlyC.AbsolutelyD.Unbelievably
11.
A.limitB.competitionC.riskD.fame
12.
A.temperatureB.medicineC.danceD.music
13.
A.selflessnessB.helplessnessC.calmnessD.sadness
14.
A.learningB.relaxationC.permissionD.cooperation
15.
A.factB.resourceC.adviceD.intention
阅读理解-阅读单选(约350词) | 容易(0.94) |
名校
文章大意:这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述布兰登的岳母是Ekiben 餐厅的常客,但是由于得了重病不能前去,于是布兰登写信给这家餐厅要食谱想自己制作,餐厅的员工看了信件后,决定和他的两个同事开车去佛蒙特自己制作,最后Rina母亲吃到了最爱的西蓝花天妇罗。

6 . The e-mail request came in to Ekiben restaurant in Baltimore late on a Thursday afternoon. The man, Brandon Jones was writing for his mother-in-law, who loved the dish. He explained that she was now in the final stages of lung cancer at her home in Vermont and that he was hoping to get the recipe (食谱) to make it for her there.

Steve Chu, one of the Asian fusion restaurant’s co-owners, read the e-mail and quickly replied with another suggestion,“Thanks for reaching out,” he wrote. “We’d like to meet you in Vermont and make it fresh for you.”

For the past six years, every time Brandon’s mother-in-law visited Baltimore, the first place she wanted to go was Ekiben so she could order that dish. She had always told us, “When I’m on my deathbed, I want to have that broccoli (花椰菜),” recalls Brandon’s wife, Rina Jones.

That Friday after work, a day after receiving Brandon’s e-mail, Chu prepared all the food ingredients and then headed for Vermont with his business partner and an employee. They stayed overnight in an Airbnb rental and drove the next day to where Rina’s mother lived. After cooking and boxing everything up, they knocked on their customer’s door.

“As soon as she opened the door, she recognized the amazing smell,” Brandon says.

Rina says her mother also recognized Chu and his coworkers. “My mom kept saying, ‘You drove all the way up here to cook for me?’ She was so happy and touched to have that broccoli.”

“It was an honor to help make the family’s wishes come true,” Chu says. “There was a lot of good positive energy in doing this.” Rina was happy that her mother was able to enjoy her beloved broccoli with a side order of excellent kindness one last time. “My mom cried later about their generosity, and so did I,” Rina says. “I’ll carry that positive memory with me always.”

1. Why did Brandon send the e-mail to Ekiben restaurant?
A.To get the recipe and give it to his mother-in-law.
B.To learn how to cook the dish for his mother-in-law.
C.To invite the owner to cook for his mother-in-law.
D.To ask the owner to treat his mother-in-law.
2. What do we know about Steve Chu from the passage?
A.He was generous to his coworkers.
B.He had a strong desire for charity.
C.He was unwilling to share the recipe with others.
D.He felt honored to deliver positive energy to the family.
3. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A.Positive memory valued.B.A special order.
C.Kindness delivered.D.A generous restaurant owner.
2022-10-09更新 | 109次组卷 | 1卷引用:广东省佛山市顺德区第一中学2022-2023学年高一上学期新生入学考试英语试题
阅读理解-阅读单选(约240词) | 较易(0.85) |
名校
文章大意:这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了关于奥林匹克运动会的由来和起到的积极作用。

7 . People need to relax and enjoy themselves. One way they can have a good time is to watch a baseball game or another sports event. Even thousands of years ago, groups of people gathered to watch skilled athletes.

Over 2,000 years ago in Greece, some days in the year were festival days. These were holidays when people stopped their work and enjoyed themselves. During festivals, people liked to watch athletes take part in races and other games.

The most important festival was held every four years at the town of Olympia. It was held in honor of the Greek god Zeus. For five days, athletes from all corners of Greece took part in the Olympic Games.

At the Olympic Games, people could watch athletes run, jump and so on. They could also watch exciting races, which included a relay race between two teams in which a lighted torch (火炬)was passed from runner to runner.

The Olympic Games were thought to be so important that cities throughout Greece which were at war with one another had to stop fighting. During the time, people were allowed to travel to the Games safely.

Thousands of people came to the Olympic Games from cities in Greece and from its colonies (殖民地)in Africa, Asia, and Italy. They met as friends to cheer their favorite athletes and to enjoy themselves.

1. What did people do at the Olympic Games?
A.They fought for their freedom.B.They just talked to friends.
C.They cheered good athletes.D.They tried to find friends.
2. If Greek cities then were at war, people could ________.
A.go to other cities freelyB.enjoy peace after the Olympics
C.still join in the OlympicsD.win the war by taking part in the Olympics
3. What is the best title for the passage?
A.Greece at warB.Together for the Olympic Games
C.Stop fightingD.Greek people
2022-09-25更新 | 112次组卷 | 1卷引用:广东省佛山市南海区2022-2023学年高一上学期初高衔接学习素养测试英语试题
选词填空-短文选词填空 | 适中(0.65) |
名校
文章大意:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国书法这一传统艺术的发展历史。
8 . 阅读下面文本,并从每段文本方框的单词或短语中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。
A. abstract        B. civilization        C. classic                 D. exactly
E. means          F. system               G. typically

Chinese calligraphy has developed along with China’s     1    . It is difficult to say when     2     calligraphy started. Chinese writing was first done by carving symbols onto bones and shells, but as it developed into a writing     3    , it also developed as a form of art done with a brush. It is believed that Chinese calligraphy dates back to at least the Han Dynasty. Soon after that, the idea developed that calligraphy was not only a beautiful art form but also a     4     of showing the character of the “man behind the brush”. Today, anyone from small children to old people can enjoy practicing the     5     art of Chinese calligraphy.

2022-09-11更新 | 47次组卷 | 1卷引用:广东省佛山市南海区九江中学2022-2023学年高三上学期摸底测试英语试题
阅读理解-阅读单选(约360词) | 适中(0.65) |
名校
文章大意:本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述我们期待着休息的时间,相信我们有更多的闲暇时间,生活就会更好,然而有研究表明对休闲时光期待过高可能会阻碍我们享受休闲时光。

9 . Leisure is the prize, right? We work hard, so we want to play hard; we look forward to our time off, believing that the more leisure time we have, the better life will be.

However, research shows that both having and deciding how to spend leisure time can be very stressful. Some people feel enormous pressure to make the best use of their free time with the best choices. But this pressure to maximize our fun might impede the enjoyment of leisure itself.

Two-thousand years ago, concepts of work and leisure were associated with slavery(奴隶制)and freedom, respectively. In Ancient Greece, most of work was done by slaves, while wealthier parts of society pursued other activities. Leisure was an active state of mind. Good leisure meant playing sports, learning music theory, debating with qualified partners, doing philosophy, etc. Leisure was not easy, but it was supposed to be satisfying.

A shift occurred when the Romans started viewing leisure as a way of getting back energy in preparation for more work. By the 1800s, the kind of leisure that showed social class had shifted too; the wealthy led extremely free lives. A popular example is Walter Benjamin’s description of the fashion, around 1893, to walk through streets with a turtle (乌龟)on a chain.

Today we’re seeing yet another change: a lack of leisure time now operates as a powerful social class symbol. On Twitter, celebrities complain about having no life and being in desperate need of a vacation. In the workplace, being part of the long-hours working culture is still seen by many as an honour.

Some people really struggle to enjoy time off. People from America support the belief that leisure is wasteful. Only 14% of Americans take two weeks’ vacation in a row, a finding in keeping with the overwork culture. The same study reports that as of 2017, 54% of American workers didn’t use up their vacation time, leaving 662 million days reserved for leisure unused.

1. What does the underlined word “impede” in paragraph 2 mean?
A.Increase.B.Prevent.C.Provide.D.Include.
2. Which of the following was good leisure in Ancient Greece?
A.Eating tasty food.
B.Cleaning the house.
C.Having a good sleep.
D.Reading works of literature.
3. Why does the writer mention the popular example in paragraph 4?
A.To describe a fashion.
B.To criticize the wealthy.
C.To show a type of leisure.
D.To introduce Romans’ lives.
4. What can we infer from the figures in paragraph 6?
A.Many Americans work on their holidays.
B.Americans enjoy taking longer vacations.
C.American workers enjoy their lives and have fun.
D.Tourism in the United States is developing slowly.
阅读理解-阅读单选(约340词) | 适中(0.65) |
名校
文章大意:这是一篇说明文。全文用专业的研究成果和实例来说明了儿童教育起步早未必比起步晚好,甚至有些方面会不如后来才开始学习的人。

10 . There’s no doubt that language in all its richness — written,spoken,sung or read aloud — plays a crucial role in our early development. It has become increasingly common to begin teaching children literacy(读写能力)skills at an early age. The thinking often goes that starting early gives children more time to learn and get ahead.

However,many studies show little benefit from an early overly-academic environment. Children who attend academically focused preschools do not have higher academic abilities in later grades than those who did not,several studies now show. Too much academic pressure may even cause problems in the long run. A study published in January 2022 suggested those who attended preschools with a strong academic emphasis,showed lower academic achievements a few years later,compared to those who didn’t.

Anna Cunningham,a senior lecturer in psychology at Nottingham Trent University who studies early literacy,argues that if a setting is too academically focused early on,it can cause the teachers to become stressed over tests and results,which can in turn affect the kids. “Academic requirements early on don’t end up being meaningful. Children end up memorizing rather than understanding context,”adds Anna.

In many countries,formal schooling starts at 4. But not everyone favors an early start. In Finland,often known as the country with one of the best education systems in the world,children begin school at seven. Despite a later start,Finnish students score higher in reading comprehension than students from the UK at age 15. Besides,the Finnish kindergarten years are filled with more play and no formal academic instruction.

Research also found that later readers catch up — even are slightly better than the early readers in comprehension abilities. Learning later allows children to more efficiently match their knowledge of the world to the words they learn. So our craze with early literacy appears to be somewhat unfounded.

1. What might supporters for an early start agree with?
A.Early start gives an advantage.
B.Early reading makes perfect kids.
C.Children are more sensitive to language.
D.Literacy skills are good for early development.
2. What might Anna Cunningham suggest?
A.Memorizing textbooks.
B.Knowing more than the surface.
C.Focusing on test results.
D.Reading aloud in the morning.
3. Why does the author mention the education in Finland in paragraph 4?
A.To praise Finland’s education.
B.To criticize the UK’s education.
C.To show a way to improve reading.
D.To prove the benefit of a later start.
4. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A.Later readers — Harder to catch up
B.Earlier readers — Not necessarily better
C.No rush — The later to begin,the better
D.Learning to read — The secret to getting ahead
2022-09-11更新 | 171次组卷 | 4卷引用:广东省佛山市南海区九江中学2022-2023学年高三上学期摸底测试英语试题
共计 平均难度:一般