1 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Are you ready to celebrate World Letter Writing Day on September1? Writing something down may seem like     1     out-of-date idea in this day and age, but it can be one of the most interesting things for you to do. The letter can be a love letter, or even one     2     (simple) written to create memories.

The day     3     (found) by Australian author and photographer Richard Simpkin,     4     loves writing letters. It all started when he began writing to individuals     5     (consider) to be Australian legends, and he also received their    6     (reply). Later, his experience of exchanging ideas with these celebrities (名人) by letter made     7     possible for him to print the book Australian Legends.     8     (honor) handwritten letters, he created World Letter Writing Day in 2014.

Letter-writing itself     9     (be) present for centuries. In ancient times, letters were written on special objects, such as wood and even metal. In the 17^th and 18^th   centuries, letters were a     10     (power) tool for people to communicate. This is why a few letters gathered from the past can serve as documents of personal or diplomatic (外交的) communication for historians.

2 . On July 28, I retired from my position. After teaching for many years, I looked forward to kayaking (划独木舟) with my grandsons, seeing friends and traveling for leisure with my husband. But my body had other plans for me. A broken spine (脊椎) in my back took me down a path that upended my plans.

I have long had back pain. However, I pushed through the pain to do my work, which worsened my condition. Doctors urged an operation when increased disability meant I could not sit, stand or walk for a long time. But I wanted to see whether physical therapy (治疗) could create an easier option.

Indeed, hard work with a great physical therapist has let me improve my mobility, sitting and standing. But X-rays told a different story. My spine was unstable and bending. After careful consideration and a second opinion from another professional, I agreed to surgery yet in the near term. Needless to say, the past months have been tough and the way ahead will be even tougher. Kayaking with my grandsons in the peacefulness of the lake is all out of reach, for now.

When I met my physical therapist for the first time, I was a mess. He listened to me outline my history with tears and then calmly said, “You have to make friends with your body.” I have repeated that line to myself daily and worked to embrace my body. I have focused on gratitude. I’m grateful that I do not have a fatal disease. I’m grateful that the body I have remains alert to the world, loved by family and friends. I’m grateful that I am still myself.

I don’t know exactly how the future will play out. The surgeon assures me that I should be able to get in my kayak by summer. But I may have to make friends with a different body, one that is mine regardless of the shape.

1. Why did the author’s condition become worse?

A．She disliked physical therapy.

B．She hurt her back when kayaking.

C．She still worked despite back pain.

D．She was unwilling to have an operation.

2. What can we learn about the author from paragraph 3?

A．She forgot to kayak with her grandsons.

B．She decided to accept an operation right away.

C．She completely recovered after physical therapy.

D．She asked another doctor for advice on the operation.

3. What changed the author’s attitude towards her body?

A．Her wish to enjoy retirement life.

B．Her physical therapist’s advice.

C．Her worsening physical condition.

D．Her love for her family and friends.

4. Which of the following is the most suitable title for the text?

A．Learning to accept my body

B．Enjoying my retirement life

C．Fighting against my back pain

D．Being grateful for what I have

3 . It’s the day of the big race. You’ve got your running shoes on and your starting number pinned to your tank top (背心装). You’ve trained for weeks for this marathon, but have you shortchanged yourself by not having a cup of coffee?

Studies about coffee can be tricky. One week scientists find that coffee is bad for us, while the next week they announce it provides benefits. When it comes to coffee’s star ingredient—caffeine, the results are much clearer in relation to athletes: Caffeine improves performance. It is one of the few legal performance enhancers in the world. In studies, athletes who consumed caffeine before a race were able to go faster, last longer and recover more quickly than those who didn’t.

Researchers have found that caffeine causes muscles to use fat as fuel, rather than glycogen (糖原) stored in the muscles, which increases strength. Caffeine also cheers up muscles by releasing calcium stored within, which aids speed and endurance. And it affects how hard you think you’re working, so that you can run longer and harder without feeling exhausted.

You don’t even need much caffeine to get the results. Scientists estimate that between 1 and 2 milligrams of caffeine per kilogram of body weight will do the trick. More isn’t better. It’s possible to perform worse when you consume more than 9 milligrams per kilogram.

Caffeine can have detrimental side effects in people not used to it, most notably headaches. It is also discouraged for those with heart conditions or high blood pressure. In some runners, coffee and other caffeinated products can result in diarrhea (腹泻). For these reasons, it’s probably best not to drink your first cup of coffee the morning of a marathon. Instead, see how your body reacts during your training.

1. What is the third paragraph mainly about?

A．How researchers made the finding.	B．How caffeine in coffee helps runners.
C．Why coffee is important to runners.	D．Why researchers carried out the research.

2. What does the underlined word “detrimental” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?

A．Beneficial.

B．Unnoticeable.

C．Efficient.

D．Harmful.

3. What is the author’s advice concerning consuming coffee?

A．Test its effect in training.	B．Take more before a race.
C．Take some after a race.	D．Never take any before a race.

4. Where is the text most likely from?

A．A notebook.

B．A diary.

C．A magazine.

D．A travel guide.

4 . A team of researchers from the Universities of Washington and Toronto have developed an app, FeverPhone, suitable for diagnosing (诊断) a patient’s fever.

“As an undergraduate, I was doing research in a lab where we showed that you could use the temperature sensor in a smartphone to measure air temperature,” says lead author Joseph Breda. “When I came to the UW, my adviser and I wondered how we could apply a similar technique for health. We decided to measure fever in an accessible way. The primary concern with temperature isn’t that it’s a difficult signal to measure; it’s just that people don’t have thermometers (体温计).”

“In a wave of flu, for instance, people running to the emergency room can take a week sometimes. So if people were to share fever results with public health agencies through the app, this earlier sign could help us take action sooner,” adds Mastafa Springston, co-author of the study.

The trick is to use the temperature sensor already present in a smartphone. A patient holds the smartphone’s display against their forehead for 90 seconds, and the rise in temperature is compared against the surrounding temperature to determine their core body temperature — using a machine learning model trained on a number of test cases to calibrate the results.

It may sound like a crazy approach, but in testing, the FeverPhone app was able to estimate the core body temperature of 37 patients in a real emergency department with an average error of 0.23℃ — around half the 0.5℃ error range required for clinical use.

“We started with smartphones since they’re easy to get data from,” Breda says. “I am already working on seeing if we can get a similar signal with wearables like smartwatches. What’s nice, because watches are much smaller, is their temperature will change more quickly. So you could imagine having a user put a Fitbit to their forehead and measure in 10 seconds whether they have a fever or not.”

1. What inspired Breda to develop FeverPhone?

A．His adviser’s suggestion.	B．His previous research success.
C．His past experience in the UW.	D．His concerns about air temperature.

2. What does the underlined word “calibrate” in paragraph 4 probably mean?

A．Access.

B．Repeat.

C．Doubt.

D．Adjust.

3. What did the testing show about FeverPhone?

A．It was effective in measuring body temperature.	B．It was hardly suitable in a real emergency.
C．It was more useful than a real thermometer.	D．It was no more than a crazy solution.

4. Which is the most suitable title for the text?

A．FeverPhone can save you from hospital visits

B．Your smartphone can become a thermometer

C．Wearables provide a quicker temperature reading

D．The temperature sensor is present in a thermometer

5 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完善的短文。

With my youngest, 11, it’s Tik Tok and FaceTime with her friends. With my middle one, 14, it’s SnapChat with his classmates. And with my eldest, 18, it’s Tinder with, well, God only knows.

What I do know, is that my kids’ reliance on their mobile phones is becoming pathological (病态的). They all wander around the house with smart phones permanently in their hands.

They walk in and out of the toilet staring at the screen, they come down to dinner staring at the screen and only put it down because they can’t feed themselves using the screen. God knows what their screen time weekly report notifications would read.

However, one house rule that I managed to enforce was that they weren’t allowed their phones in their rooms overnight and there was a bed time phone amnesty (赦免) in place where they would all, very reluctantly, hand over their device for overnight charging.

Now, I must confess that, occasionally, I “forgot” to charge one of the phones, so that at least I would get one of them to be a little more present the following morning at breakfast and I might hear something about their upcoming day, rather than being completely ignored.

I never forgot to charge the same phone twice in one week and so no one seemed to get wise to my tricks, however this emboldened me to take my cheating to new levels.

Any phone left unguarded would be quickly kidnapped and whisked away to an undisclosed location, only to mysteriously reappear when I deemed that its owner had engaged with the real world for a sufficient amount of time.

Then one night in February, it happened. A big storm hit our rural village and we had a power cut. “Dad!” They screamed, ignorant of the sudden lack of light and heat and only concerned with the sudden lack of Wi-Fi. It began to dawn on them that they were faced with the living hell of being off line and off their phones for an amount of time.

注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；2．请按如下格式作答。

What followed was a peaceful period without the addiction to their phones.

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And so I tried it a few weekends later to see what the reaction might be.

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6 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

At SIAL Shanghai, a major international food and beverage exhibition launched on May 18. Mario Garcia, a cheese supplier from Spain,     1     (surround) by visitors inquiring about his products. Some of them surprised him with their knowledge about cheese     2     his country. “As many Chinese have made trips to Spain, they have a better understanding of my country’s cuisine, including     3     (we) cheese,” he says.

Garcia’s company specializes in producing cheese of different ages and flavors, and     4     (do) business in China for about seven years. He says, participation in     5     (event) like SIAL can help him better reach potential customers and help them understand different cheeses and ways of enjoying them —     6     (particular) those with strong flavors unusual in Chinese cuisine.

“Our importers here have been hosting cheese tastings and offering     7     (variety) recipes for our Chinese customers to learn how to use cheese, not just with bread and wine, but also how to cook with it,” he says. Over the years, Garcia has found that Chinese customers have developed a fondness for European products,     8     benefits his business.

“They will learn about it and appreciate it once they find     9     new or strong flavor,” he says, adding that he is optimistic about the future of his business in China.

At the event, the Swedish Trade and Invest Council also displayed the country’s distinctive products,     10     (range) from ice cream to plant-based drinks, wine and fruit jams.

7 . The ability to track animals and plants is up in the air — literally — thanks to help from an unexpected source.

Around the globe, many air quality control stations filter air through small paper disks on a daily or weekly basis, allowing scientists to ensure concentrations of hazardous pollutants such as heavy metals are below certain levels. But the filters also pick up plant and animal DNA having been scattered into the wind.

The eDNA, short for environmental DNA, on those filters could make air quality control stations a treasure house of samples cataloging local animals and plants. Such records could help researchers track biodiversity at a larger scale and more easily catch species declines or track how ecosystems are changing overall.

“We’re effectively piggybacking on it for a totally new use,” says Elizabeth Clare, a molecular ecologist at York University.

“It never occurred to us that these filters capturing particulate matter could even be analyzed for eDNA,” says James Allerton, an air quality scientist in England. That changed when Allerton read a news story about two studies where scientists vacuumed animal DNA out of thin air at two zoos, one in England — led by Clare — and another in Denmark.

Learning about the potential for capturing eDNA sparked a “light bulb moment,” Allerton says, and he reached out to Clare to collaborate.

Clare, Allerton and colleagues analyzed filters from the Teddington facility that were exposed to surrounding air for one hour, one day or one week. The team also examined eight-month-old filters from an air quality control station in Scotland that had each been exposed to air for a week.

Genetic material in the filters revealed the presence of more than 180 different types of local animal groups including pine trees, badgers, owls, fungi and news. That volume is surprising given that the filters and storage conditions weren’t set up with eDNA in mind. That the researchers recovered so much eDNA from a system designed to monitor air quality shows how prevalent airborne DNA is and how much biodiversity data could be up for grabs.

1. What were air quality control stations used to do?

A．Concentrate on effects of animals on climate.	B．Track the categories of animals and plants.
C．Study the links between man and animals.	D．Purify air by decreasing pollutants in it.

2. How does James Allerton react to the technology of capturing eDNA?

A．He felt doubtful and hesitant to use it.	B．He felt useful but reluctant to admit it.
C．He felt unimaginable but ready to accept it.	D．He felt amazed but refused to have an attempt.

3. Which word can replace the underlined word “prevalent” in the last paragraph?

A．Common.

B．Favourable.

C．Understanding.

D．Ambiguous.

4. What is the best title for the passage?

A．eDNA Technology Proves a Big Success in Air Detection

B．Air Pollution Monitoring May Help Track Biodiversity

C．Tracking Evolution of Living Things Benefits eDNA

D．Air Pollutants are Found in Animals and Plants

8 . About 20 years ago, I was attending a law school while still doing my part-time job to provide my tuition. Despite that, my grades were still among the top ten percent of the class.     1     I was directed to a professor who I had never met. He agreed to supervise the project by email. He emailed me a set of rules and instructions for the paper so that I would meet the requirements.

After several weeks, I completed the legal research and began writing my paper. Two weeks later, I ended my paper draft.     2     I accepted all of them, recomposed it again and again, and finally submitted it to the professor. To my surprise, he gave me a C+, the lowest grade.

    3     A few weeks after my graduation, I happened to notice a contest in a journal where the best student-written paper would get published and win a significant cash prize—$2,500. Since I had the C+ paper at hand, I sent it in, just for fun. A month later, the journal called me to let me know that my C+ paper won first place in the contest out of more than 200 submissions.     4    

Later, I wrote a letter to the local newspaper detailing this story and explaining how paper grades were subjective. The letter was then published. Knowing this, the professor was awkward. Luckily, I didn’t mention his name. He emailed me and explained he’d made a mistake and confused my paper with another student’s.     5     Actually, I didn’t care about an A. And to be honest, if he had given me an A, I wouldn’t have submitted my paper to the contest.

A．So I had nothing to complain about.

B．It was published and I got the check.

C．In fact, my paper should have been given an A.

D．Though annoyed, I could do nothing but accept it.

E．During the graduation season, I had to write an essay.

F．In order to win the competition, I prepared my essay very hard.

G．I showed it to some of my classmates, who gave me some constructive suggestions.

9 . Gene Work and his brother-in-law, Mark Rouco, were putting sod (草皮) on Gene’s yard. In the burning heat of the sun, they were soon covered in sweat and feeling a strong sense of_________. Gene fell onto the ground with a(n) _________ expression on his face. His wife Melissa Work was worried sick and _________ to call 911.

Even though he was close to death, Gene still _________ he sod. If it wasn’t put down that day, it would die. “While he was_________pain, he kept _________ me to have it put down because he didn’t want it to be_________.” Melissa wrote in a Facebook post.

Rouco was left behind to deal with the yard. An hour passed and _________ he noticed those EMTs (急救人员) showed up again. Gene had told them how badly he’d wanted to get the sod down, so they_________. With their help, the work was finally __________in under two hours.

At the same time, Gene got the __________ in time thanks to those EMTs’ quick actions.

The Works are still __________that those EMTs went above and beyond their __________. “These men,” Melissa said, “saved Gene’s__________, and then came back to save his grass. That’s just so__________.”

1.

A．achievement

B．tiredness

C．satisfaction

D．impatience

2.

A．frightened

B．surprised

C．anxious

D．pained

3.

A．forgot

B．agreed

C．pretended

D．rushed

4.

A．remembered

B．hated

C．recognised

D．needed

5.

A．causing

B．killing

C．getting

D．experiencing

6.

A．asking

B．ordering

C．forcing

D．teaching

7.

A．saved

B．used

C．wasted

D．kept

8.

A．unexpectedly

B．unnecessarily

C．unluckily

D．unreasonably

9.

A．stayed

B．returned

C．quitted

D．waited

10.

A．stopped

B．completed

C．continued

D．started

11.

A．message

B．arrangement

C．treatment

D．solution

12.

A．annoyed

B．amazed

C．confused

D．worried

13.

A．will

B．determination

C．responsibility

D．ability

14.

A．time

B．face

C．money

D．life

15.

A．admirable

B．crazy

C．strange

D．wise

10 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

I entered my freshman year of high school with a clear goal: work hard, stick to whatever I could succeed at and graduate with great achievements. I wouldn’t waste my time where I didn’t perform as strongly. And this belief served me well. My academic standards were high. I was the star player of all the teams I joined. My friends would joke about my pursuit of perfection, but in my eyes, it was the only sure path to success.

In the second term I joined the cross-country running club. When I came to the first practice, I was filled with the desire to make the varsity (校队) team. But as the distance we ran each practice gradually increased from three, to four, to six miles, I realized that no matter how hard I tried, I was one of the slowest on the team. This realization disappointed me. And the pain in the muscles following every practice was unbearable. I wanted to quit! What was the point of putting myself through so much pain and being the slowest racer?

Then we had our first cross-country race. When we got off the bus, the sight of the other teams warming up made my hands sweaty. When we started the race, I felt the enormous pressure of expectations sink onto my shoulders. It was a challenging course, consisting of a series of winding and rocking hills.

After a while I stopped running and struggled up the last hill. The steps under my feet felt as heavy as thousands of pounds, mirroring the weight of my despair. With every racer passing me, frustration washed over me-I would never win honor for my team. I’d just be letting them down.

注意：
1.续词为150个左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

With every passing second, my ambition fell apart.

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My team’s support encouraged me to move on.

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