组卷网 > 知识点选题 > 人与社会
更多: | 只看新题 精选材料新、考法新、题型新的试题
解析
| 共计 73 道试题
阅读理解-七选五(约250词) | 适中(0.65) |
文章大意:本文是一篇议论文。文章通过列举牛顿、哥伦布的经历,论述了在通向成功的路上坚持不懈的重要性。

1 . Virtually, there is nothing that man cannot do. Only what he has to do is keep doing and doing without being discouraged. Success will come someday or other, though it may apparently be the conception about something that it cannot be done.     1     But the reality is that man’s success depends on whether he can do the toughest tasks successfully. It is because our life is complicated and tough. And to succeed in this tough battle, perseverance and hard work are a must     2    . We can prove this fact when we look at the reality of life and the history of man’s success. Perseverance helps us do what we otherwise would consider impossible to do.

What the world-famous scientist Sir Isaac Newton had done by twelve years’ constant hard work was burnt out by his pet dog. But that could not discourage him a little.     3     It is only for his undefeated perseverance that’ we have been able to have many inventions and discoveries.

    4     He went through thick and thin to reach his destination after months of the strenuous voyage on the sea. He discovered the way from Spain to America and offered the world a new route of communication with America. This outcome of his perseverance will be generated by the world forever.

All the great men in history have written their names in golden letters by means of perseverance.     5     If we all are perseverant in whatever we do, we are sure to stand out as a successful nation in the near future.

A.Every action has its reaction.
B.It is a unique precondition to success in life.
C.In human life, perseverance plays a very important role.
D.Their success will always remain as perfect examples to us.
E.Columbus has left us an adventurous story of perseverance.
F.The task that is easily done at the first attempt is undoubtedly very easy.
G.He was able to do it again through years of hard work and perseverance.
阅读理解-阅读单选(约350词) | 适中(0.65) |
文章大意:本文是一篇说明文。我们的大脑是如何记住每一个动作的呢?它如何学习新的知识?Jackie Schiller教授和她的团队在单神经元水平上检查了大脑,揭开了谜团。

2 . From the moment we are born, we interact with the world through movement. We move our lips to smile or to talk. We extend our hand to touch. How does our brain remember this wide range of motions? How does it learn new ones? How does it make the calculations necessary for us to grab a glass of water, without dropping it, squashing it, or missing it?

Technion Professor Jackie Schiller from the Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and her team examined the brain at a single-neuron (单神经元) level to shed light on this mystery. They found that calculation happens not just in the interaction between neurons, but within each individual neuron. It turns out that each of these cells is not a simple switch, but a complicated calculating machine.

This discovery, published recently in the Science, promises changes not only to our understanding of how the brain works, but better understanding of conditions ranging from Parkinson’s disease to autism. And if that isn’t enough, these same findings are expected to advance machine learning, providing inspiration for new architectures.

“We used to think of each neuron as a sort of whistle, which either rings, or doesn’t,” Prof. Schiller explains. “Instead, we are looking at a piano. Its keys can be struck at the same time, or in order, producing an infinity (无限) of different tunes.” This complex music playing in our brains is what enables us to learn and perform an infinity of different, complex and precise movements.

These same findings can also serve as an inspiration for the machine learning community. Deep neural networks, as their name suggests, attempt to create software that learns and functions somewhat similarly to a human brain. Although their advances constantly make the news, these networks are primitive compared to a living brain. A better understanding of how our brain actually works can help in designing more complex neural networks, enabling them to perform more complex tasks.

1. Why does the author raise the questions in paragraph 1?
A.To pursue answers.B.To raise his puzzles.
C.To introduce the topic.D.To share his interest
2. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about?
A.The result of the research.
B.The function of a single neuron.
C.The way the research was conducted.
D.The aspects the discovery can be applied to.
3. What does Schiller stress in her explanation in paragraph 4?
A.The way that neurons work.
B.The music that neurons play.
C.The difficulties that researchers encounter.
D.The process where neurons produce memory.
4. What might be the best title for the text?
A.Individual Neuron Works like a Piano
B.Calculation Happens Between Neurons like a Machine
C.Complex Neural Networks in the Brain Enable People to Learn
D.The Mystery of Learning and Remembering Movement Has Been Uncovered
阅读理解-阅读单选(约310词) | 适中(0.65) |
文章大意:本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了拖延症的定义、原因以及疗法。

3 . Some 20 percent of adults are procrastinators (拖延症患者). Everyone might put off a task or two, but long-term procrastinators do it at home, at school, at work and in their relationships.

For years, researchers have focused on the personalities of people who procrastinate. The results suggest procrastinators may be impulsive (冲动), worriers and have trouble regulating their emotions. But procrastinators are not lazy. They’re actually very busy doing other things than what they’re supposed to be doing. Though procrastinators may think they perform better under pressure, studies have reported the opposite. And when deadlines are uncertain, procrastinators tend to delay their work.

When people put off a tough task, they feel good-in the moment. Procrastinating is a way to avoid the negative emotions linked to the task. But the relief it provides is only temporary, and many seek out ways to stop procrastinating.

In fact, most research today suggests procrastination is a behavioral pattern, which means it’s something you can change, regardless of whether you’re impulsive. What works best is still under research. Some scientists have reported success with time management. But the evidence for that is all over the map. That’s because poor time management is a symptom not a cause of procrastination.

For some procrastinators, seemingly obvious tips can work. Researchers advise students to simply put down their smartphones. Silencing notifications or studying in the library rather than at home can regulate distractions and keep people on task. But that won’t be enough for many people. Stubborn procrastinators may benefit from cognitive behavioral therapy (认知行为疗法). This type of therapy, which involves managing thoughts and emotions and trying to change behavior, seemed to be the most helpful. Still, not many studies have examined treatments, and there’s room for improvement.

1. What does procrastination mean to longtime procrastinators?
A.A personal advantage.B.A habitual behavior.
C.A working motivation.D.An excuse for laziness.
2. What do experts think of procrastinators?
A.They are inactive.B.They are efficient.
C.They are anxious.D.They are careful.
3. What causes people to procrastinate?
A.Their temporary relief from the stress.
B.Their imperfection in personalities.
C.Their poor time management at work.
D.Their high ability to deal with hard work.
4. What may be the best procrastination treatment according to the text?
A.Avoiding smartphones.B.Proper studying places.
C.Good time management.D.Cognitive behavioral therapy.
阅读理解-阅读单选(约220词) | 容易(0.94) |
名校
文章大意:这是一篇应用文。文章对三个著名的远足景点进行了介绍。

4 . In a lot of other states in America, warm sunny days mean lazy afternoons are spent on the beach. In Oregon, people pack hiking shoes with their bathing suits. Here are 3 incredible hikes for you.

Cascade Head Preserve

Distance: 6.8 miles

Difficulty: Moderate

Nearest Town: Lincoln City

Managed by the international nonprofit The Nature Conservancy, the Cascade Head Preserve is an excellent hike that typically marks the division between the north and central Oregon coast. There are upper and lower trailheads (小道的起点), with about 3.4 miles of trails between the two.

Cape Lookout

Distance: 5 miles

Difficulty: Easy

Nearest Town: Tillamook

Of all the capes on the Oregon coast, Cape Lookout might be the most famous, projecting 1.5 miles into the ocean. Visitors can tackle the five-mile, round-trip hike to the tip of the cape where they can enjoy several incredible views over the Pacific Ocean. Separate trails lead down to South Beach and the Campground.

Clatsop Loop Hike

Distance: 3 miles

Difficulty: Easy

Nearest Town: Cannon Beach

There are several trails that traverse (横越) Tillamook Head at Ecola State Park, but the Clatsop Loop Hike is known for its breathtaking Cliffside views and quiet forested paths. Take the seaside trail from Indian Beach to the Hikers Camp, then take the forested path back.

1. Which is the dividing line between the north and central Oregon coast?
A.Tillamook.B.Cascade Head Preserve.
C.Cape Lookout.D.Cannon Beach.
2. What can you do while standing on the tip of the cape?
A.Go camping in the wild.B.Go hiking through the forests.
C.Kill time on the beach.D.Enjoy views over the ocean.
3. What is the Clatsop Loop Hike famous for?
A.The vast forest.B.The easy hikes.
C.The amazing views.D.The quiet seaside.
智能选题,一键自动生成优质试卷~
语法填空-短文语填(约200词) | 适中(0.65) |
名校
文章大意:本文是一篇说明文,介绍了一段90秒的北京2022年冬奥会动画视频在互联网上大受欢迎,它将冬奥会和中国文化完美地结合起来。
5 . 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

A 90-second animated (动画) video of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games     1     features characters from traditional Chinese New Year paintings     2     ( recent ) became so popular on the Internet.

Netizens were fascinated by the video’s     3     ( amaze ) combination of winter sports and traditional Chinese characters, highlighting     4     ( they ) own unique characteristics and placing them alongside a wide range of sporting venues and cultural elements, including New Year paintings, Peking Opera, and ink-and-wash paintings.

The video starts with a girl and a panda going to Beijing     5     ( watch ) the Winter Olympic Games together. All of     6     sudden, the bamboo in the panda’s hands is turned into a bobsleigh (雪橇) carrying the girl while the panda speeds ahead. Snowflakes are created like magic, awakening (唤醒) characters often     7     ( see ) in Chinese New Year paintings, such as Qin Qiong and Yuchi Gong, two gods of the door, competing     8     alpine (高山) skiing, and Mu Guiying and Yang Zongbao, a couple as well as generals of the Song Dynasty (960-1279), engaging in pair skating.

Hangzhou AU Culture and Technology Co. created the work. It is an animation company and     9     ( win ) the National Award for Scientific and Technological Progress in 2017.

“ We hope to add more     10     ( happy ) to the great event, meanwhile, viewers can learn about traditional Chinese culture, ” said Zheng Feihu, director of the video.

改错-短文改错 | 适中(0.65) |
6 . 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Last Saturday, all the seniors of our school visits a digital exhibition. The exhibition was named “A Panorama of Rivers and Mountains 3.0”, what is a perfect combination of traditionally art techniques and innovative digital technology.

The exhibition hosting by the City Art Gallery, enjoyed huge popularity between us. The highly immersive experience allowed us admire one of the most treasured work of art from the Song Dynasty with our own eyes. The highlight was the real time interaction, enabling us to lose ourselves in the vast and beautiful scenery in the person. This experience will stick in your minds, for we felt the charm of both Chinese magnificent landscape or high tech.

文章大意:本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲的是Peralta出生时,他的右手没有完全发育。在他进入一所新的高中后,他的老师Wilkins和同学为他制作了一只假手,这一举动改变了他的生活。

7 . For his entire life, Sergio Peralta dreamed about playing catch. When he was born, his right hand didn’t fully ________. After he enrolled at a new high school, he ________ it in his sleeve (袖子). Ever since he was a child, his classmates have asked about his hand, and some have even ________ him. A few weeks later, computer science teacher Jeff Wilkins noticed Peralta was the only student who ________ his mouse to the left side of his keyboard. He then saw Peralta didn’t have a right hand.

When Wilkins ________ to build a prosthetic hand (假手) for Peralta, he expressed ________ but knew building one could be ________ for a high school class. In early November, Wilkins ________ assigned three of his students to the project. They bought 3D printing equipment and ________ a model image of a prosthetic hand on some design software. “I didn’t want to get his ________ up. I’d rather under-promise and over-deliver than over-promise and under-deliver on something like this,” Wilkins said. The group did so while keeping their ________ a secret.They measured classmates’ hands to calculate Peralta’s ________ size.

After working for about a week, the students used the school’s 3D printer to ________ a model. Students said they ________ Peralta wouldn’t like or use the hand, but as soon as he ________ the model, he could bend his fingers. Then Wilkins threw him a yellow rubber ball. Peralta ________ to catch the first few throws. However, students yelled in ________ when he finally caught the ball. Peralta said he only ________ the prosthetic hand when he sleeps. “This just showed me a different way to ________ the community,” said Jaramillo, a senior who was involved in the class project, “even by using ________ that I learned at school.”

1.
A.riseB.changeC.developD.connect
2.
A.hidB.tiedC.lostD.cleaned
3.
A.convincedB.teasedC.defeatedD.admired
4.
A.cycledB.reservedC.movedD.kicked
5.
A.offeredB.refusedC.observedD.advertised
6.
A.concernB.requirementC.interestD.difference
7.
A.rewardingB.inspiringC.approvingD.challenging
8.
A.randomlyB.deliberatelyC.temporarilyD.secretly
9.
A.foundB.startedC.repairedD.posted
10.
A.fearsB.hopesC.demandsD.doubts
11.
A.attentionB.memoriesC.progressD.conflicts
12.
A.idealB.typicalC.normalD.familiar
13.
A.selectB.createC.deliverD.save
14.
A.rememberedB.arguedC.worriedD.regretted
15.
A.turned upB.put onC.searched forD.threw away
16.
A.tendedB.promisedC.pretendedD.failed
17.
A.satisfactionB.excitementC.hesitationD.anxiety
18.
A.removesB.returnsC.researchesD.replaces
19.
A.fitB.moveC.viewD.help
20.
A.mannersB.creditC.awarenessD.skills
语法填空-短文语填(约140词) | 适中(0.65) |
名校
8 . 阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Researchers examined the benefits of singing among people with mental health conditions     1     (include) anxiety and depression.

They found people who took part in a community singing group improved their mental health and that the combination of singing and socialising was an important part of     2     (recover).

The grassroots action runs weekly singing workshops for the people     3     mental health conditions as well as the general public. It     4     (original) began at a hospital in 2005,     5     afterwards moved into the community. Around 120 people now attend four free workshops each week across Norfolk, two thirds of     6     have had contact with mental health services.

The research project followed the group for six months and     7     (undertake) interviews and focus groups with participants, organisers, and workshop     8     (leader).

The report shows how singing and socialising gave participants     9     feeling of belonging and wellbeing that often lasted a day or     10     (many), as well as improved social skills and confidence.

阅读理解-阅读单选(约290词) | 适中(0.65) |
文章大意:本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍STEM(科学、技术、工程和数学)职业联盟为学生和家庭提供的一些制造业活动。

9 . Activities for National Manufacturing Day

The STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) Careers Coalition (职业联盟) offers students and families new STEM resources to explore the world of modern manufacturing. With over 4 million manufacturing roles predicted to be available in the next ten years, the new resources from the coalition connect today’s students to the manufacturing careers of tomorrow.

National Manufacturing Day occurs annually on the first Friday of October to motivate today’s students to become the next generation of innovator leading the manufacturing industry. In order to support this celebration, the coalition offers three different collections to all students, educators, and families on modern manufacturing that support learning wherever it takes place. The following resources are available to all at no cost:

Manufacturing focused Career Profiles (简介)

Explore the profiles of excellent manufacturing professionals who used the skills they learned at school to become the kind of problem solvers that make a difference. Make the connection from the classroom to careers and find out how all students can make it in manufacturing.

Hands-on Student Activities

From innovating food packaging to discovering the principles of accurate design to exploring water sustainability, at home, Hands-on learning activities help students take STEM skills from theory to practice.

Classroom Activities

Access the no cost, standard classroom activities to support future career success for all students. Each activity features important STEM skills and a step by step guide for promoting activities into classroom.

Virtual Interactive Field Trips

Each virtual experience features accompanying educator resources and student activities that make it easy for teachers to put these manufacturing events into the learning experiences they design and deliver daily.

All resources are available at no cost at stemcareerscoalition.org.

1. What is the purpose of the STEM Careers Coalition?
A.To count the vacant jobs in manufacturing.
B.To report the current state of manufacturing.
C.To guide students to work on manufacturing.
D.To offer students pre-job training in manufacturing.
2. Which activity will introduce manufacturing masters to students?
A.Classroom Activities.
B.Hands-on Student Activities.
C.Virtual Interactive Field Trips.
D.Manufacturing-focused Career Profiles.
3. What do the activities have in common?
A.All of them are virtual.
B.They are free of charge.
C.Only students practice in them.
D.They are only experienced online.
10 . 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

2. 只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。

When I was eight, my father bought me the new bike for my birthday. My brother offered to teach me how to ride. At first, they rode and let me watching. Then he explained me the skills of controlling the bike. Still puzzling, I got on the bike, but it doesn’t move as expected. I lost my balance and fall off the bike. At once I burst into tear because I saw blood on the ground. While I stood up, my left leg hurt bad. Later, I learned to ride a bike. But this experience told me that though some lessons were painful to learn them, yet we could benefit a lot.

2019-04-26更新 | 582次组卷 | 2卷引用:【市级联考】广西桂林市2019届高三4月综合能力检测(一模)英语试题
共计 平均难度:一般