3 . In 1965, 17-year-old high school student Randy Gardner stayed awake for 264 hours to see how he’d cope without sleep. On the second day, his eyes stopped focusing. Next, he lost the ability to ________ objects by touch. By day three, Gardner was moody and uncoordinated. At the end of the experiment, he was ________ to concentrate, had trouble with short-term memory and started hallucinating(出现幻觉). Although Gardner recovered without long-term psychological or physical ________, for others, sleeplessness can result in hormone(激素) imbalance, illness, and even death.

Sleep is ________. Adults need 7 to 8 hours of sleep at night, and adolescents need about 10. In the United States, it's estimated that 30% of adults and 66% of adolescents are ________ sleep deprived. When we lose sleep, learning, memory, mood, and reaction time are affected. Sleeplessness may also cause inflammation, hallucinations, high blood pressure, and it's even been ________ to diabetes and obesity.

How can sleep ________ cause such enormous suffering? Scientists think the answer lies with the ________ of waste products in the brain. During our waking hours, our cells are busy using up our day's energy sources with get broken down into various by-products, including adenosine(腺苷酸). As adenosine builds up, it increases the ________ to sleep, also known as sleep pressure. In fact, caffeine works by ________ adenosine's receptor pathways. Other waste products also build up in the brain, and if they're not cleared away, they collectively ________ the brain and are thought to lead to the many negative symptoms of sleep deprivation.

So, what's happening in our brain when we sleep, to prevent this? Scientists found something called the Lymphatic System, a clean-up mechanism(机能) that removes this build up and is much more ________ when we're asleep. It works by using cerebrospinal fluid(脑脊髓液) to flush away toxic by-products that accumulate between cells. Lymphatic vessels, which ________ pathways for immune cells have recently been discovered in the brain, and they may also play a role in ________ the brain's daily waste products. While scientists continue exploring the restorative mechanisms behind sleep, we can be sure that sleeping is a(n) ________ if we want to maintain our health and our sanity.

1.

A．produce

B．identify

C．move

D．discover

2.

A．balancing

B．reminded

C．struggling

D．intended

3.

A．ability

B．outcome

C．response

D．damage

4.

A．essential

B．healthy

C．investigated

D．neglected

5.

A．scarcely

B．temporarily

C．regularly

D．hopefully

6.

A．occurred

B．linked

C．increased

D．developed

7.

A．deprivation

B．sufficiency

C．absence

D．pressure

8.

A．accumulation

B．discovery

C．resource

D．prevention

9.

A．symptom

B．power

C．difficulty

D．urge

10.

A．clearing

B．blocking

C．holding

D．assisting

11.

A．overload

B．pollute

C．protect

D．explore

12.

A．harmful

B．active

C．tense

D．necessary

13.

A．serve as

B．block up

C．tear down

D．point to

14.

A．analyzing

B．removing

C．following

D．dividing

15.

A．system

B．priority

C．opportunity

D．necessity

4 . I was cycling and noticed a person, about a quarter of a kilometer in front of me. I could tell he was cycling a little slower than me and decided to try to _______ him. I had about a kilometer to go on the road _______ turning off.

So I _______ cycling faster and faster and every _______ I was gaining on him just a little bit. After just a few minutes I was only about 100 yards _______ him, so I really picked up the pace and _______ myself You would have _______ I was cycling in the last section of London Olympic triathlon.

_______,I caught up with him and passed him by. On the inside I felt so _______.I beat him, of course, but he didn't even know we were __________ .

After I passed him, I __________ that I had been so focused on competing against him that I had __________ my turn. I had gone nearly six blocks past it and had to turn around and go all the way back.

Isn't that what happens in life when we __________ competing with co-workers, neighbors, and friends, trying to __________ that we are more successful or more important? We spend our time and ____________ chasing after them and we miss out on our own __________ to our future.

The __________ of unhealthy competition is that it's a never-ending ____________, because there will__________ be somebody ahead of you, someone   with a better job, more money and more education, etc.

Therefore, just take what life has given you, your height, weight and personality. Stay focused and live a healthy life. There's no __________in life. Run your own race and wish others well!

1.

A．follow

B．catch

C．remind

D．grasp

2.

A．before

B．after

C．unless

D．when

3.

A．stopped

B．enjoyed

C．started

D．regretted

4.

A．way

B．block

C．step

D．time

5.

A．apart from

B．above

C．ahead of

D．behind

6.

A．protected

B．pushed

C．supported

D．comforted

7.

A．thought

B．remembered

C．dreamt

D．hoped

8.

A．Fortunately

B．Finally

C．Surprisingly

D．Apparently

9.

A．calm

B．lucky

C．astonished

D．good

10.

A．racing

B．exercising

C．celebrating

D．cycling

11.

A．believed

B．expected

C．realized

D．understood

12.

A．escaped

B．missed

C．made

D．lost

13.

A．worry about

B．care for

C．depend on

D．focus on

14.

A．prove

B．declare

C．explain

D．inform

15.

A．tears

B．money

C．energy

D．pain

16.

A．paths

B．entrances

C．plans

D．barriers

17.

A．task

B．difficulty

C．problem

D．goal

18.

A．movement

B．cycle

C．event

D．routine

19.

A．never

B．often

C．sometimes

D．always

20.

A．mistake

B．competition

C．pressure

D．challenge

5 . Several years ago I started riding a bike. At first, I thought it was only a ______ ride. But as I built up strength, my friends encouraged me to try some longer ______. The first one to come along was a 150-mile journey, an event held every year that ______ money to fight cancer.

When I signed my name, the ______ seemed great — to support a worthy cause while going for the ______ — and I trained with great excitement. But as the time for the ride approached, my ______ gained ground over my endurance(耐力). I didn't really want to ______ all those miles for two days straight.

The ride began on a Sunday morning in the Georgia countryside, ______ for the first few hours I felt wonderful. This was just the ______ I had imagined, and my spirits were ______. But by the end of the day, I felt tired. I was sure I'd have to ______.

As I topped the hill, the nice sunset ______ me going for a few minutes more. Then in the distance, I ______ a lone rider riding very slowly. I ______ that the person looked different in some way, but I couldn't tell why. I managed to ______. There she was, riding slowly but steadily, with a ______ smile on her face — and she had only one leg.

My focus ______ at that moment. I'd been doubting my body for a whole day. But now I knew — it wasn't the body, but the ______ that would help me reach my goal.

It rained all the second day. I ______ saw the one-legged biker again, but I pushed on without complaining. And at the end of the day, still feeling ______, I completed the 150th mile.

1.

A．free

B．short

C．hard

D．boring

2.

A．trips

B．fights

C．swims

D．jumps

3.

A．gives

B．borrows

C．counts

D．raises

4.

A．dream

B．life

C．idea

D．advice

5.

A．record

B．distance

C．job

D．fame

6.

A．self-doubt

B．self-respect

C．self-control

D．self-love

7.

A．hike

B．walk

C．bike

D．drive

8.

A．but

B．so

C．and

D．or

9.

A．adventure

B．experience

C．excitement

D．struggle

10.

A．low

B．proud

C．brave

D．high

11.

A．carry on

B．give up

C．break out

D．hold back

12.

A．kept

B．protected

C．stopped

D．found

13.

A．called

B．interviewed

C．saw

D．missed

14.

A．approved

B．hoped

C．remembered

D．noticed

15.

A．look back

B．pay back

C．cheer up

D．catch up

16.

A．determined

B．forced

C．strange

D．shy

17.

A．strengthened

B．changed

C．built

D．fixed

18.

A．person

B．will

C．bicycle

D．cause

19.

A．never

B．often

C．even

D．still

20.

A．tired

B．comfortable

C．strong

D．injured

6 . Mike was 11. As his birthday was coming up，he _____ his father to buy him a bike, so that he could go to school cycling and not by _____ or relying on his father to _____ him at school, which was _____ a mile away from his home.

On his _____ , seeing a set of books wrapped nicely in his father's hand, though _____ , he thanked his father. Mike's father was _____ as he didn't have enough money to buy a bike.

After a week，when Mike was walking home from school, he saw a boy riding a bike. Mike _____ that the bike was too small for the big boy. _____，the boy ran into a post and fell on the street. Mike rushed to him and ______ him who was his schoolmate Sam.

Mike helped him stand up and provided him with water. _____ Sam was riding the bike fast, his left leg and hands were ______ injured. Mike asked him to sit in a corner and took the bike and rushed to a ______ nearby.

An ambulance （救护车）came and carried Sam to hospital. He then rushed to Sam's home and ______ his parents about the accident.

Sam and his parents thanked Mike for the ______ help. Mike in turn said, “It was all ______ just because I rode Sam's bike. ” He added, “The bike is too small for Sam to ride and that's why he was _______” Mike met Sam every day in hospital until he ______.

Sam got a new bike and he came to know that Mike didn't have the ______ to own a bike. He gave his old bike to Mike and with his parents' ______, Mike accepted the gift.

1.

A．persuaded

B．arranged

C．requested

D．ordered

2.

A．jumping

B．driving

C．walking

D．wandering

3.

A．drop

B．discover

C．hug

D．pick

4.

A．gathered

B．spotted

C．fixed

D．located

5.

A．holiday

B．birthday

C．graduation

D．celebration

6.

A．frightened

B．hopeful

C．unhappy

D．impatient

7.

A．calm

B．grateful

C．puzzled

D．upset

8.

A．felt

B．learned

C．agreed

D．argued

9.

A．Suddenly

B．Eventually

C．Thankfully

D．Actually

10.

A．treated

B．remembered

C．regarded

D．recognized

11.

A．Before

B．Since

C．Unless

D．Though

12.

A．slightly

B．necessarily

C．seriously

D．gently

13.

A．church

B．school

C．hospital

D．shelter

14.

A．complained

B．reminded

C．impressed

D．informed

15.

A．generous

B．pleasant

C．honored

D．limited

16.

A．unlikely

B．possible

C．exciting

D．unbelievable

17.

A．worried

B．injured

C．beat

D．attacked

18.

A．broke out

B．missed out

C．checked out

D．pulled out

19.

A．interest

B．confidence

C．right

D．chance

20.

A．permission

B．admission

C．guidance

D．introduction

7 . From a young age, I was taught to be kind to people around. My parents _________ explained to me the importance of giving help generously to the less _________. So out of habit, whenever there is something I can _________, I give it to someone on the streets.

Last week, as I left the house for work, I carried with me some _________ clothes, a handbag and some food to hand over to someone _________.

As the car _________ at a traffic red light, I saw a girl of five or six asking for money. I _________ her to come to me and quickly _________ all the stuff I had and put them into the handbag. As I started handing it over, she seemed _________. She looked up at me with a sweet smile on her face and asked what was in the __________. I told her there were some clothes and food for her.

Once again she __________ me, “Can you give me some water?” It was then that I __________ her dry lips. It seemed that she had not had a __________ of water all day. I __________ the water bottle that I always carry with me and helped her to drink from it. She finished it quickly and gave me a heartwarming smile of __________.

I was thankful that I could __________ what she really wished and realized once again that day that you don’t necessarily have to make big __________ to help someone. And this incident, as well as a lot that followed, ________ my belief in the simple acts of kindness and how they can make someone’s day.

Next time you want to do something nice for someone, don’t __________, seizing the right __________, or it would be late. Go ahead and do it!

1.

A．cheerfully

B．confidently

C．particularly

D．smoothly

2.

A．difficult

B．rich

C．comfortable

D．fortunate

3.

A．find

B．exchange

C．spare

D．abandon

4.

A．casual

B．worn

C．old

D．fashionable

5.

A．needy

B．clumsy

C．lucky

D．lonely

6.

A．pulled

B．stopped

C．approached

D．drew

7.

A．wanted

B．ordered

C．touched

D．signaled

8.

A．threw

B．collected

C．dragged

D．dropped

9.

A．surprised

B．embarrassed

C．panicked

D．worried

10.

A．bag

B．pocket

C．car

D．hand

11.

A．waved at

B．looked up at

C．shook hands with

D．nodded at

12.

A．realized

B．watched

C．recognized

D．noticed

13.

A．bottle

B．drop

C．lot

D．cup

14.

A．pointed out

B．gave out

C．picked out

D．took out

15.

A．satisfaction

B．communication

C．appreciation

D．expectation

16.

A．afford

B．offer

C．understand

D．remember

17.

A．donations

B．differences

C．senses

D．kindness

18.

A．strengthened

B．changed

C．shook

D．destroyed

19.

A．hold out

B．hold on

C．hold back

D．hold down

20.

A．idea

B．power

C．position

D．opportunity

8 . Last year, I was speaking at a gathering of wealthy male investors. The organizers posted the ____of a survey showing that only a small percentage of wealthy men believed their wives spent too much.

“What?” ____one participant, “Those guys have to be lying.”

There is no reliable ____of who spends more among the rich: men or women. Both will say the other is the ____spender.

A recent survey by Wilmington Trust, Campden Research and Relative Solutions proves the ____. The companies polled 40 women (I know, that is more like a show of hands than “survey”), each with a net worth of $25 million or more.

About half the respondents（受调查者） inherited（继承） their ___, a quarter ___ it from their husbands and the other quarter earned it __. That is roughly in line with other surveys of __ women and the source of their money. One interesting note: among the self-made women, 90% got their money from owning a business, rather than ____ a salary.

As for ____, almost all the women (90%) described their spending habits as “below their means.” The report on the survey said that is possibly ____ they do not view their extreme wealth as defining their success.

“Women tend not to spend as much as ____and splash（泼洒得使到处是） their names all over the place,” said one woman in the survey, describing her spending as conservative and her lifestyle as “below the radar.”

Many women also worried about wealth having ____ effects on their children and didn’t want to spend lavishly（挥霍） to ____ a bad example.

At the same time, 70% of the women said they “buy nice things when ____.” And 93.5% of the women said they were responsible for making ____ on major purchases, which ____ that they do a lot of the big spending.

Of course, for truly major purchases a house in Aspen, Colo., a Gulfstream, a Feadship the couple probably makes the decision _____.

But what about other ____ ? Do you think men or women do most of the high-end spending?

1.

A．directions

B．reasons

C．times

D．consequences

2.

A．cried

B．sighed

C．shouted

D．laughed

3.

A．data

B．measure

C．division

D．news

4.

A．better

B．bigger

C．smaller

D．worse

5.

A．affairs

B．message

C．point

D．report

6.

A．spirit

B．money

C．habit

D．cost

7.

A．bought

B．robbed

C．got

D．earned

8.

A．itself

B．herself

C．ourselves

D．themselves

9.

A．wealthy

B．poor

C．ordinary

D．honest

10.

A．making

B．earning

C．taking

D．spending

11.

A．buying

B．wasting

C．spending

D．saving

12.

A．when

B．if

C．whether

D．because

13.

A．women

B．youth

C．adults

D．men

14.

A．serious

B．good

C．bad

D．various

15.

A．send

B．set

C．do

D．give

16.

A．necessary

B．possible

C．pleased

D．anxious

17.

A．plans

B．decisions

C．appointments

D．suggestions

18.

A．notices

B．stresses

C．implies

D．intends

19.

A．away

B．together

C．as well

D．out

20.

A．purchases

B．effects

C．differences

D．examples

9 . It was my first day to Miss Hargrove’s seventh grade. Past “newcomer experiences” had been difficult, so I was very__to fit in. After being introduced to the class, I bravely put on a smile and___my seat.

Lunchtime was a(n)___surprise when the girls all crowded around my table. They were friendly, so I began to___.My new classmates told me about the school, the teachers and the other kids.They___out the class nerd（书呆子）to me: Mary Lou. She was a pretty girl with dark eyes and olive-skin,___she wore a long woolen skirt and an old-fashioned blouse. She looked stupid. The girls whispered and laughed___Mary Lou walked by. She ate alone.

After school, the girls invited me to___them in front of the school. I was___to be a member of the club. We waited. For what, I didn’t know. Then Mary Lou came down the school steps. The girls started____her, shouting rudely, biting comments. I____,and then joined right in. Mean remarks____from my lips. No one could tell I’d never done this before. The other girls stepped back and started cheering for me. Feeling____,I pulled on her backpack and then pushed her. Her backpack broke. Mary Lou fell and I backed off. Everyone was laughing. I____in. I was a leader.

I was not proud. Something inside me hurt. If you’ve ever picked a wing off a butterfly, you know how I felt. Mary Lou got up, gathered her books and left without a tear or saying anything. She held her head____as blood ran down from her knee. I____her struggle away down the street.

I turned to leave with my____friends and noticed a man standing beside his car. He must have been Mary Lou’s father—he had the same olive skin, dark hair and handsome look. He remained still and watched the____girl walk toward him. Only his eyes—shining with both sadness and pride—followed. As I passed, he looked at me in silence with burning tears that reminded me of my____.

Mary Lou’s father’s eyes taught me a good lesson that day. I never again hurt someone for my own____.

1.

A．excited

B．curious

C．frightened

D．anxious

2.

A．reserved

B．had

C．took

D．put

3.

A．pleasant

B．terrible

C．disappointing

D．expected

4.

A．relax

B．hesitate

C．read

D．suspect

5.

A．found

B．picked

C．worked

D．pointed

6.

A．because

B．but

C．and

D．so

7.

A．since

B．before

C．until

D．as

8.

A．play

B．ask

C．join

D．study

9.

A．scared

B．thrilled

C．careful

D．afraid

10.

A．making fun of

B．speaking well of

C．looking up to

D．going back to

11.

A．refused

B．paused

C．hurried

D．escaped

12.

A．said

B．received

C．fell

D．spoke

13.

A．ashamed

B．guilty

C．enthusiastic

D．encouraged

14.

A．turned

B．fitted

C．took

D．went

15.

A．cautiously

B．casually

C．lowly

D．high

16.

A．watched

B．heard

C．glared

D．sensed

17.

A．caring

B．puzzling

C．laughing

D．satisfying

18.

A．lonely

B．only

C．silly

D．friendly

19.

A．pain

B．shame

C．weakness

D．pity

20.

A．gain

B．loss

C．effort

D．duty

10 . Gould a hug a day keep the doctor away? The answer may be a resounding “yes!” _____ helping you feel close and _____ to people you care about, it turns out that hugs can bring a _____ of health benefits to your body and mind. Believe it or not, a warm embrace might even help you _____ getting sick this winter.

In a recent study _____ over 400 healthy adults, researchers from Carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania examined the effects of perceived social support and the receipt of hugs _____ the participants’ susceptibility to developing the common cold after being _____ to the virus. People who perceived greater social support were less likely to come _____ with a cold, and the researchers _____ that the stress-reducing effects of hugging ______ about 32 percent of that beneficial effect.______ among those who got a cold, the ones who felt greater social support and received more frequent hugs had less severe ______.

“Hugging protects people who are under stress from the ______ risk for colds that’s usually ______ with stress,” notes Sheldon Cohen, a professor of psychology at Carnegie. Hugging “is a marker of intimacy and helps ______ the feeling that others are there to help ______ difficulty.”

Some experts ______ the stress-reducing, health-related benefits of hugging to the release of oxytocin, often called “the bonding hormone”______ it promotes attachment in relationships, including that between mothers and their newborn babies. Oxytocin is made primarily in the central lower part of the brain, and some of it is released into the bloodstream. But some of it ______ in the brain, where it ______ mood, behavior and physiology. (283 words)

1.

A．Unlike

B．Besides

C．Despite

D．Throughout

2.

A．connected

B．restricted

C．equal

D．inferior

3.

A．choice

B．view

C．lesson

D．host

4.

A．recall

B．forget

C．avoid

D．keep

5.

A．collecting

B．involving

C．guiding

D．affecting

6.

A．of

B．in

C．at

D．on

7.

A．devoted

B．exposed

C．lost

D．attracted

8.

A．across

B．along

C．down

D．out

9.

A．calculated

B．denied

C．doubted

D．imagined

10.

A．served

B．required

C．restored

D．explained

11.

A．Even

B．Still

C．Rather

D．Thus

12.

A．defeats

B．symptoms

C．tests

D．errors

13.

A．minimized

B．highlighted

C．controlled

D．increased

14.

A．equipped

B．associated

C．presented

D．compared

15.

A．assess

B．moderate

C．generate

D．record

16.

A．in the face of

B．in the form of

C．in the way of

D．in the name of

17.

A．transfer

B．commit

C．attribute

D．return

18.

A．because

B．unless

C．though

D．until

19.

A．emerges

B．vanishes

C．remains

D．decreases

20.

A．experiences

B．combines

C．justifies

D．influences