1 . Heads or Tails?
Careful: It’s not 50-50
The phrase “coin toss” is a classic synonym for randomness. But since the 18th century, mathematicians have
František Bartoš, currently a Ph.D. candidate studying the research methods of psychology at the University of Amsterdam, became interested in this
With one side initially upward, the flipped coin landed with the same side facing
The leading theory explaining the
For day-to-day decisions, coin tosses are as good as random because a 1 percent bias isn’t
It isn’t difficult to prevent this bias from influencing your coin-toss matches; simply
A.confirmed | B.denied | C.recorded | D.suspected |
A.therefore | B.however | C.for example | D.vice versa |
A.nightmare | B.context | C.intervention | D.delay |
A.coinage | B.discipline | C.challenge | D.phrase |
A.cooperate with | B.round up | C.shrug aside | D.count on |
A.analysis | B.race | C.interview | D.session |
A.upward | B.evenly | C.downward | D.uniformly |
A.volunteers | B.gamblers | C.psychologists | D.statisticians |
A.accidental | B.dominant | C.subtle | D.prejudiced |
A.mechanics | B.relativity | C.geometry | D.chemistry |
A.moreover | B.instead | C.likewise | D.initially |
A.insignificant | B.accessible | C.inclusive | D.perceptible |
A.reversing | B.integrating with | C.backing up | D.rejecting |
A.concealing | B.shifting | C.perceiving | D.anchoring |
A.favourable to | B.opposed to | C.unaware of | D.suspicious of |
2 . History has not yet
Whatever we
Historian Neil Howe sees
A.remarked | B.convinced | C.guaranteed | D.revealed |
A.numbers | B.houses | C.accommodates | D.contains |
A.peers | B.adolescents | C.folks | D.guys |
A.over | B.without | C.besides | D.beyond |
A.diagnosed | B.dismissed | C.labeled | D.coined |
A.end up | B.consider about | C.appeal for | D.approve of |
A.distribution force | B.purchasing power | C.global view | D.unique outlooks |
A.vivid | B.instructive | C.instant | D.profitable |
A.feed up with | B.put up with | C.make up for | D.identify with |
A.faking | B.revising | C.illustrating | D.maintaining |
A.supervising | B.forming | C.representing | D.promoting |
A.parallels | B.contrasts | C.comparisons | D.reservations |
A.because | B.although | C.while | D.when |
A.emphasis | B.generation | C.intensity | D.cultivation |
A.routes | B.schemes | C.names | D.definitions |
3 . What do you know about fashion? The fashion industry, which has become one of the most
A friend of mine
The items are the products of an industry that, in the past 30 years, has become one of the most successful and also most
“The fashion industry represents a key environmental
One wonders: What can we do about it? Don’t you have any clothes on? It’s not that
A.convincing | B.interesting | C.confusing | D.damaging |
A.carry out | B.come out | C.set out | D.break out |
A.builds | B.runs | C.supports | D.controls |
A.expensive | B.useless | C.worthless | D.attractive |
A.businessmen | B.children | C.locals | D.masses |
A.little | B.few | C.much | D.many |
A.on behalf of | B.in the form of | C.for the sake of | D.in terms of |
A.effective | B.destructive | C.preventive | D.alternative |
A.quarrel | B.argument | C.fight | D.conflict |
A.tell the truth | B.hit the brakes | C.pave the way | D.break the ice |
A.threat | B.effect | C.problem | D.protection |
A.results from | B.consists of | C.brings about | D.relies on |
A.ambition | B.action | C.satisfaction | D.attraction |
A.far | B.extreme | C.bad | D.complex |
A.enjoy | B.imagine | C.miss | D.avoid |
4 . On a bright sunny day, I stared my day off by volunteering at the L. A. Food Bank. My reason for volunteering at the food bank was to satisfy my need to help others and leave a
By helping pack food items. I was able to make as significant impact on my community by helping people fight
A.change | B.message | C.blank | D.chance |
A.established | B.examined | C.entered | D.equipped |
A.shabby | B.steady | C.tidy | D.noisy |
A.check in | B.give up | C.show off | D.move out |
A.aid | B.duties | C.awards | D.test |
A.appointed | B.begged | C.forced | D.persuaded |
A.consumed | B.inspected | C.searched | D.replaced |
A.abandoned | B.delivered | C.packed | D.explored |
A.represent | B.shelter | C.deserve | D.contain |
A.studio | B.factory | C.museum | D.theatre |
A.bank | B.list | C.step | D.row |
A.quickly | B.secretly | C.casually | D.anxiously |
A.burden | B.thought | C.regret | D.interest |
A.recognize | B.welcome | C.help | D.visit |
A.focus | B.respect | C.wisdom | D.ambition |
A.understood | B.counted | C.led | D.heard |
A.leadership | B.technical | C.social | D.business |
A.prove | B.discover | C.stress | D.guarantee |
A.fear | B.loneliness | C.hunger | D.doubt |
A.direction | B.identity | C.belonging | D.satisfaction |
5 . There aren’t enough resources to identify and cure the factors that are causing populations of animals around the world to decline. Artificial intelligence might have the power to change that.
When an endangered seabird hits a power line, it
His team recorded 600 hours of audio and sent the recordings to Preservation Metrics, a company that assists preservation efforts with AI
In science fiction stories such as The Matrix, AI-powered machines take over the world and end life on the planet as we know it. But
By many
Humans,
In large national parks and wildlife reserves,
We still face many challenges to
A.makes a sound | B.catches fire | C.keeps the distance | D.takes chances |
A.affected | B.preserved | C.recorded | D.attracted |
A.unlawfully | B.instantly | C.frequently | D.deliberately |
A.fiction | B.significance | C.factors | D.resources |
A.deceiving | B.doubtful | C.desirable | D.disturbing |
A.Engaged in | B.Qualified for | C.Armed with | D.Exposed to |
A.in addition | B.in reality | C.in return | D.in fact |
A.measures | B.programs | C.services | D.species |
A.biodiversity | B.production | C.population | D.economy |
A.distribute | B.pool | C.lack | D.exploit |
A.meanwhile | B.however | C.otherwise | D.besides |
A.big-game | B.professional | C.local | D.illegal |
A.impossible | B.dangerous | C.urgent | D.thankless |
A.disproved | B.explained | C.predicted | D.ignored |
A.estimate | B.reverse | C.experience | D.sustain |
6 . Artificial intelligence (AI) has amazing potential to change the world, and we’ve only just begun to scratch the surface. As AI matures and people move further away from distinct programming and monitoring of systems, unidentified bias (偏见) might make decisions continue for a long time that cause
All too often, data sets are incomplete and the sample represented in the data set does not
Bias resulting from AI algorithms themselves, or algorithmic bias, is equally
To create ethical AI, companies need to put the
Having
None of this will be easy, but true innovation never is. By coming together and working on the problem of bias now, before it becomes a(n)
A.theoretical | B.psychological | C.disproportionate | D.unintended |
A.arise from | B.contribute to | C.take over | D.make up |
A.inspire | B.match | C.protect | D.restrict |
A.quit | B.administer | C.compare | D.analyze |
A.distinct | B.predictable | C.original | D.widespread |
A.restore | B.imply | C.miss | D.favor |
A.embarrassing | B.dangerous | C.relevant | D.ridiculous |
A.intentionally | B.temporarily | C.automatically | D.appropriately |
A.influence | B.help | C.attract | D.predict |
A.admit | B.define | C.address | D.publicize |
A.belongings | B.expressions | C.characteristics | D.needs |
A.civil | B.digital | C.legal | D.natural |
A.frequent | B.responsible | C.peculiar | D.graceful |
A.fair | B.quick | C.appealing | D.adequate |
A.leading | B.innovative | C.cultural | D.destructive |
7 . Eradajere Oleita thinks she may have a partial solution for two of their country’s persistent problems: garbage and poverty. It’s called the Chip Bag Project. As a student and
Chip
It takes about four hours to
Since its start in 2020, the Chip Bag Project has
Sure, it would be
And, of course, there’s the symbolism of recycling bags that would
A.instructor | B.helper | C.environmentalist | D.tailor |
A.criterion | B.qualification | C.question | D.favor |
A.lightly | B.deliberately | C.occasionally | D.indirectly |
A.sell | B.empty | C.clean | D.donate |
A.producers | B.eaters | C.sponsors | D.buyers |
A.dustbins | B.locations | C.bags | D.streets |
A.lead | B.lie | C.lay | D.print |
A.check | B.need | C.reach | D.use |
A.sew | B.design | C.offer | D.discover |
A.member | B.size | C.mission | D.debt |
A.result | B.relief | C.method | D.produce |
A.made | B.decorated | C.accumulated | D.charged |
A.in terms of | B.regardless of | C.instead of | D.as of |
A.busier | B.simpler | C.heavier | D.smaller |
A.goal | B.stage | C.procedure | D.chance |
A.objectively | B.politically | C.socially | D.secretly |
A.moreover | B.otherwise | C.instead | D.besides |
A.report | B.blame | C.reminder | D.solution |
A.problems | B.groups | C.regulations | D.protection |
A.divisions | B.similarities | C.messages | D.connections |
8 . If the
To create the Wigner crystals, Wang’s team built a device
In ordinary materials, electrons zoom around too quickly to be
A mismatch
A.conditions | B.situations | C.environments | D.circumstances |
A.item | B.thing | C.material | D.article |
A.cube | B.solid | C.structure | D.dimension |
A.occasionally | B.surprisingly | C.indirectly | D.directly |
A.scientist | B.theorist | C.predictr | D.fantasist |
A.potently | B.absolutely | C.definitely | D.convincingly |
A.observing | B.containing | C.watching | D.undertaking |
A.significantly | B.obviously | C.tiny | D.inconspicuously |
A.magnetic field | B.force | C.attraction | D.repulsion |
A.interrelations | B.arrangements | C.requirements | D.pairs |
A.sphere pattern | B.cylinder pattern | C.honeycomb pattern | D.corn pattern |
A.heating | B.cooling | C.speeding | D.slowing |
A.within | B.between | C.among | D.through |
A.speed up | B.stop | C.settle down | D.calm down |
A.light | B.voltage | C.energy | D.ion |
9 . Is loyalty in the workplace dead?
Just recently, Lynda Gratton, a workplace expert, proclaimed that it was. In The Financial Times, she said that it had been “killed off through
It’s sad if this good virtue is now out of place in the business world. But the situation may be more
Fifty years ago, an employee could stay at the same company for decades, said Tammy Erickson, an author and work-force consultant. Many were
Now many companies cannot or will not hold up their end of the bargain, so why should the employees hold up theirs? Given the opportunity, they’ll take their skills and their portable retirement accounts elsewhere. These days, Ms. Gratton writes,
Ms. Erickson says that the quid pro quo (交换物,报酬) of modern employment is more likely to be: As long as I work for you, I promise to have the relevant skills and
For some baby boomers, this
A longtime employee who is also productive and motivated is of enormous value, said Cathy Benko, chief talent officer at Deloitte. On the other hand, she said, “You can be with a company a long time and not be highly committed.”
Ms. Benko has seen her company shift its
Then there are the effects of the recent recession. Many people - if they haven’t been
If the pendulum(摇摆不定的事态或局面) shifts, how will businesses persuade their best employees to stay?
Loyalty may not be what it once was, but most companies will still be better off with at least a core of people who stay with them across decades.
If loyalty is seen as a
A.tightening | B.lengthening | C.shortening | D.loosening |
A.complicated | B.confused | C.difficult | D.conservative |
A.confine | B.convince | C.identify | D.define |
A.guaranteed | B.provided | C.supplemented | D.rewarded |
A.belief | B.trust | C.confidence | D.tolerance |
A.occupy | B.engage | C.sacrifice | D.involve |
A.rightly | B.immediately | C.exactly | D.fairly |
A.difference | B.exchange | C.shift | D.modification |
A.assuming | B.ensuring | C.assuring | D.approving |
A.focus | B.mind | C.faith | D.importance |
A.laid off | B.employed | C.valued | D.supported |
A.Salary | B.Money | C.Loyalty | D.Credit |
A.However | B.Rather | C.Therefore | D.Otherwise |
A.promise | B.compliment | C.commitment | D.command |
A.interest | B.sake | C.disadvantage | D.benefit |
10 . The most important day I remember in all my life is the one on which my teacher, Anne Mansfield Sullivan, came to me. I am filled with wonder when I consider the immeasurable contrasts between the two lives which it connects. It was the third of March, 1887, three months before I was seven years old.
On the afternoon of that eventful day, I stood on the porch, dumb,
Have you ever been at sea in a dense fog, when it seemed as if a tangible white darkness shut you in, and the great ship, tense and anxious, groped her way toward the shore with plummet(铅锤) and sounding-line(测深索), and you waited with beating heart for something to happen? I was like that
I felt approaching footsteps. I stretched out my hand as I would to my mother. Someone
The morning after my teacher came she led me into her room and gave me a doll. The little blind children at the Perkins Institution had sent it and Laura Bridgman had dressed it; but I did not know this until
A.hesitant | B.reluctant | C.expectant | D.defendant |
A.consequently | B.unconsciously | C.deliberately | D.simultaneously |
A.come forth | B.brought about | C.left behind | D.hidden away |
A.panic | B.result | C.position | D.marvel |
A.succeeded | B.exposed | C.inherited | D.demonstrated |
A.fog | B.ship | C.shore | D.plummet |
A.compassion | B.compromise | C.compass | D.companion |
A.paradise | B.habitat | C.residence | D.harbor |
A.took | B.shook | C.clung | D.rescued |
A.share | B.devote | C.reveal | D.celebrate |
A.beforehand | B.backward | C.afterward | D.forward |
A.illustrate | B.exhibit | C.guess | D.imitate |
A.fluttered | B.flourished | C.flashed | D.flushed |
A.unrealistic | B.uncomprehending | C.unsurmountable | D.unproductive |
A.title | B.name | C.credit | D.role |