2 . With the development of our society, cellphones have become a common part in our lives. Have you ever run into a careless cellphone user in the street? Maybe they were busy talking, texting or checking updates on WeChat without looking at what was going on around them. As the number of this new "species" of human has kept rising, they have been given a new name—phubbers (低头族).

Recently a cartoon created by students from China Central Academy of Fine Arts put this group of people under the spotlight. In the short film, phubbers with various social identities bury themselves in their phones. A doctor plays with his cellphone while letting his patient die. A pretty woman takes a selfie (自拍) in front of a car accident site. And a father loses his child without knowing about it while using his mobile phone. A chain of similar events will finally lead to the destruction(毁灭) of the world.

Although the ending of the film sounds unrealistic, the damage phubbing can bring is real. Your health is the first to bear the effect and the result of it. "Always bending your head to check your cellphone could damage your neck," Guangming Daily quoted doctors' words. "The neck is like a rope that breaks after long-term stretching." Also, staring at cellphones for a long time will damage your eyesight gradually, according to the report.

But that's not all. Being a phubber could also damage your social skills and drive you away from your friends and family. When getting together with family or friends, many people prefer to play their cellphones while others are chatting happily with each other and this creates a strange atmosphere, Qilu Evening News reported.

It can also cost your life. There have been lots of reports on phubbers who fell to their death, suffered accidents, and were robbed of their cellphones in broad daylight.

1. Why does the author give the example of a cartoon in Paragraph 2?

A．To suggest phubbers will destroy the world.

B．To call for people to go walking without phones.

C．To tell people the bad effects of phubbing.

D．To advise students to create more cartoons like this.

2. According to the passage, what risks may a phubber have?
① Destructing the world.
② Affecting his social skills.
③ Damaging his neck and eyesight.
④ Getting separated from his friends and family.

A．①②④

B．②③④

C．①③④

D．①②③④

3. What's the author's attitude towards phubbing?

A．Supportive.

B．Confident.

C．Disapproving.

D．Unconcerned.

4. What will be talked about in the following paragraph?

A．Ways to avoid the risks of phubbing.	B．Bad effects of phubbing.
C．Daily life of phubbers.	D．Behaviours of phubbers.

3 . We are surrounded every day by thousands of chemicals. These chemicals have been found to be safe－on their own.   But are they still “safe” if mixed with other chemicals? That's the big question.

On its own, each chemical seems harmless. But in combination with other chemicals, they may become deadly. That is the finding of a two－year study by a high－profile task force of scientists. The task force was told to investigate the cancer－causing possibility of chemical mixtures.

Linda Gulliver was one of 174 scientists on the task force. Their job was to study the cancer－causing potential of 85 chemicals. All 85 are said to be common in the environment.

Ms Gulliver explains that chemicals have the potential to form dangerous mixtures. Even simple minerals can become dangerous when mixed with chemicals found in plastics or beauty products. While the chemicals are safe on their own. She says, the researchers found that many chemical compound cause cancer in human cells.

Working in groups, the scientists explored how different chemical mixtures could lead to cancer. Ms Gulliver's team looked at the ability of different combinations to support the increase of malignant (恶性的) human cells.

She says the big issue－what she calls “the $ 64 million dollar question”－is, “Which common, everyday chemicals do people need to avoid？”

“The $ 64 million dollar question that everybody wants to ask is, ‘Which chemicals should we be looking out for？’ And the answer to that is, ‘We don't know yet.’”

She says the current way to identify whether chemicals cause cancer is to test them one at a time. This method leads, she adds, to a long list of supposedly “safe” chemicals. She and her team say that approach needs to change.

“We definitely need certain research ... to find out what mixtures of chemicals would be more harmful than others; what groups of chemicals, when together, would produce more harmful effects. And at the moment, that is not known.”

1. The purpose of the researchers' work is ________.

A．to find ways to protect human cells

B．to study the character of the chemicals

C．to study how deadly the chemicals in our homes are

D．to study the cancer－causing possibility of mixtures

2. According to Ms Gulliver's words, their research work is ________.

A．practical to other researchers	B．completely successful
C．still limited	D．not well received

3. What's the best title of the passage?

A．Chemicals are everywhere

B．Chemicals can lead to cancer

C．What is in chemicals in our daily life?

D．Mixture of safe chemicals may cause cancer

4. What can be inferred from the passage?

A．Harmful chemicals are throughout our homes.

B．It is hard to tell what mixture of chemicals is harmful.

C．Researchers have quick approaches to studying the chemicals.

D．Scientists know which mixture does harm to our health.

4 . Optimism (乐观) doesn’t mean paying no attention to things that cause stress. But when bad things happen, optimistic people are less likely to be unhappy about themselves and more likely to see the bad things as something that lasts a short time.

A new research has found a direct connection between optimism and healthier diet and exercise behaviors, as well as better heart health, a stronger immune system (免疫系统), better lung function, and lower death risk. “Optimistic people, regardless of sex, often have goals and the confidence to reach them,” Lee said. “Those goals could include healthy habits that contribute to a longer life.”

Studies find only about 25% of our optimism is controlled by our genes (基因), and the rest is up to us. It turns out we can actually train our brain to be more positive. Researchers studied the brains of monks (僧侣) and found surprising results: Tens of thousands of hours of meditation(冥思) had changed the function (机能) of their brains, which support positive qualities. And that may be key in producing the effect on the body.

There are simple mental exercises to develop an optimistic attitude. One of the most effective ways to increase optimism is called the “Best Possible Self” method. That is to imagine ourselves in a future in which we have achieved all our life goals. And keeping a diary in which we list the positive experiences we had can also help shape our attitude. Taking a few minutes each day to write down what makes us thankful can improve our view on life, too.

1. What is the meaning of Lee’s words?

A．Goals can lead to confidence.

B．Better lung function lowers death risk.

C．Optimism is connected with length of life.

D．Sex should be taken into consideration when studying optimism.

2. Why are the brains of monks studied?

A．To lengthen their life.

B．To improve their brains’ function.

C．To prove optimism can be learned.

D．To show genes’ connection with optimism.

3. What is the last paragraph mainly about?

A．How to be a positive person.	B．How to make people thankful.
C．What to write about in a diary.	D．What to do to achieve the goals.

4. Where is this text most likely from?

A．A science magazine.	B．A guidebook.
C．A novel.	D．A diary.

5 . Crystal Cruisers-Luxury Every Day

What do you plan to do this summer vacation? Do you want to travel over the sea, experience the ocean wave and enjoy the wonderful sea scenery? If that’s what you want ,come and sail on a Crystal Cruise ship (游轮).We have three ships: The Crystal Queen, The Crystal Princess, The Crystal Palace.

Come and sail in Luxury (游轮) on cruisers around the Caribbean Sea for 7 or 14 days.

Our seven-day cruise costs $2,000 and our two-week cruise is $3,500.

A typical one week cruise:

Day One- set off from Miami

Day Two- free day in Nassau, in the Bahamas

Day Three- near Haiti

Day Four- Visit Puerto Rico and Antigua

Day Five- free day in Barbados

Day Six- free day in Port of Spain, Trinidad

Day Seven- travel to Caracas, Venezuela

Day Eight- fly home

All food and drinks is included in the price of your cruise (except for the wines).Our cruise ships all have a cinema, a five star restaurant, a theatre, a library and a gym (健身馆).However, you have to pay extra money to enjoy the films and plays.

If you prefer to go on a cruise in another part of the world, we also organize cruises in the Baltic Sea and the Mediterranean.

Our ships carry over 2,000 passengers and we have nearly 600 crew members in all.

So come on board today for the holiday of a lifetime!

Call immediately: 020-4455832

I’m sure you will enjoy your luxury cruise ship journey very much!

1. What’s the main purpose of the text?

A．To advertise summer holiday cruises.

B．To offer instruction on how to sail on a cruise ship.

C．To give suggestions on taking summer vacation.

D．To share an experience of a sailing journey.

2. When can travelers wander about Trinidad?

A．On the third day.	B．On the fourth day.
C．On the fifth day.	D．On the sixth day.

3. What can people do on the cruise ships for free?

A．See films in the cinema.	B．Enjoy plays in the theater.
C．Have some wines.	D．Do sports in the gym.

6 . “If you don't behave, I'll call the police”is a lie that parents might use to get their young children to behave. A new psychological(心理学的) study led by Nanyang Technological University, Singapore suggests that it is connected with harmful effects when the children become adults.

The research team asked 379 Singaporean young adults whether their parents lied to them when they were children, how much they lie to their parents as adults, and how well they respond adulthood challenges.

The first questionnaire asked these young adults to recall if their parents told them lies about eating, leaving or staying, spending money and so on. Some examples of such lies are “If you don't come with me now, I will leave you here by yourself”and“I don’t bring money with me today, we can come back another day”.The second questionnaire included questions that could show how often they lie to their parents as adults. Lastly, these young adults filled in two other questionnaires that asked them about their psychological problems and tendency (趋势)to behave selfishly and impulsively(冲动地).

Adults who reported being lied to more as children were more likely to report lying to their parents in their adulthood. They also said they faced greater difficulty in meeting psychological and social challenges.

Lead author Setoh Peipei from NTU Singapore's School of Social Sciences said, “Parenting by lying can seem to save time, especially when the real reasons behind why parents want children to do something are difficult to explain. When parents tell children that‘honesty is the best policy’，but display dishonesty by lying, such behavior can send negative messages to their children. Parents' dishonesty may finally erode trust and encourage dishonesty in children”

“Our research suggests that parenting by lying is a practice that has negative influence on children when they grow up. Parents should be aware of these possible risks and consider other ways to replace lying, such as knowing children's feelings, giving information so children know what to expect, offering choices and solving problems together, to encourage children to have good behavior, ”said lead author Setoh Peipei.

But the study has its limitations. Some limitations of the study include depending on what young adults report about their parents' lying. “Future research can explore using many informants(提供信息的人), such as parents, to report on the same thing”suggested Setoh.

1. What did the research team do during the study?

A．They turned to 379 Singaporean children

B．They looked for questionnaires on the Internet.

C．They collected answers to some sets of questions

D．They asked the young adults parents for information

2. What does the underlined word“erode”in Paragraph 5 mean?

A．build

B．enhance

C．destroy

D．recover

3. Which of the following might Setoh Peipei agree with?

A．Parents can sometimes tell harmless lies to their kids

B．Parents had better explain to their kids why they’ve lied

C．Parents who like lying are more likely to behave selfishly

D．Parents should use positive ways instead of lying during parenting

4. What is the main idea of the text?

A．Parents 'lying to children can influence them negatively

B．Parents lie to children to save themselves some trouble.

C．Children's behavior can be affected by their parents

D．Children may lie more if their parents often lie.

7 . With Moon as His Muse, Japanese Billionaire Signs Up for SpaceX Voyage

When Yusaku Maezawa took the stage here at one corner of the SpaceX factory floor, he explained that he did not just want to be the first private citizen to circle the moon. “I choose to go to the moon, with artists,” Mr. Maezawa said, echoing President John F. Kennedy’s speech in 1962.     1    

While SpaceX’s Falcon 9 and Falcon Heavy rockets have been significant technological achievements, SpaceX’s engineers have started to turn their attention toward the B.F.R., a much more ambitious vehicle that SpaceX hopes will take Mr. Maezawa to circle the moon. It is a promising project at SpaceX, and is one that would grow rapidly in the coming several years.     2    

Although he would not discuss how much Mr. Maezawa is to pay for his trip, SpaceX’s CEO Mr. Musk made clear it would make a significant contribution to the development costs.     3     “I don’t think it’s more than 10, and I don’t think it’s less than two,” he said.

Mr. Maezawa said he did not like to be alone and so he would invite five to eight artists and performers to accompany him, part of a project he called Dear Moon.     4     “Art makes people smile, brings people together.” He said.

When asked whether a trip around the moon was the most beneficial way to spend his fortune, Mr. Maezawa said, “I want to contribute to society in a different way. Maybe 10 years from now, people will be laughing I paid so much, but somebody needs to make the first payment,” he added. “Otherwise, space development is not going to evolve.     5    ”

A．Mr. Maezawa also said that art contributed to his hope of world peace.

B．That’s why I think I should be the one to do this.

C．Mr. Maezawa’s trip to the moon was expected to last 5 days or so.

D．Mr. Maezawa’s four- to five-day moon trip would probably occur in 2023.

E．Mr. Musk estimated development costs at roughly $5 billion.

F．Only together with the financial help from all the artists, can humans realize the dream of flying to the moon.

G．He announced his intentions to travel to space with an unconventional crew during a news conference Monday evening.

8 . How to Be a Good Listener to Your Family

Communication is important for strong family relationships. However, if you don't truly listen to others, it can be difficult to communicate.    1    

Listen actively. When listening to a family member, do not let your mind wander to other things. It's important to make your family member feel heard and valued. Put your phone away and give them your full attention. Never think about other things when someone is talking.    2    

Repeat what has been said. Briefly summarizing what the speaker has said can go a long way towards effective communication. Everyone wants to feel valued and heard, so repeating a family member’s point can show you were listening.    3    It can really allow you and your family to communicate better as well.

Do not interrupt.    4    Always allow a few seconds of silence after someone finishes talking before offering your response. This allows you to make sure the speaker has finished talking. Do not talk over someone either. No matter how curious you feel about a subject，do not start talking until the other person has finished.

    5     Never rush the person into talking. Do not break in before the speaker is finished just to hurry the speaker along. Never say things like "Can you get to the point?" This will make it seem like you are not interested in the conversation.

A．Avoid hurrying the speaker

B．Interrupting can put breaks on effective conversation.

C．Instead, focus on what's being said.

D．People tend to pause when they speak.

E．It can help you make sure you understood the speaker.

F．Working on your listening skills can help you communicate better and form stronger bonds.

G．When someone finishes talking, ask questions if necessary.

9 . In France, there once lived a man named Louis Pasteur, who was a doctor of science. The thing that concerned him most was the disease rabies (狂犬病).

“I must find the rabies germs that hide inside people and make them so sick that they die,” he thought. “Once I find them, I’ll think of a way to kill them.”

Many people thought Pasteur was wasting his time. Some laughed at him and said, “You’ll never do it.”

Pasteur didn’t care what people thought; he believed in himself. He kept right on working.

At the same time, in Germany, a boy named Joey was about to get into trouble. He was teasing a dog. But this dog was sick with rabies, which made the dog mad. Unfortunately, the dog bit him. The rabies germs were passed from the dog to Joey.

Soon the little boy was very sick. His parents could only wait. But then there was news. Joey’s mother saw it and shouted for joy. “A doctor of science has found a way to save sick people like Joey!” she said. The man, of course, was Louis Pasteur. Joey’s parents quickly prepared Joey for the long journey to Paris.

“Dr. Pasteur,” said the mother. “Our little boy is very sick. Can you help us?”

“Perhaps,” said Pasteur. “I’ve invented a vaccine (疫苗). It is strong enough to kill the rabies germs. Joey will be the first person to have my rabies vaccine.”

“The first person?” asked Joey’s worried father nervously. “Will it be dangerous? Are you sure it will work?”

“I believe it will,” said Pasteur.

Slowly the vaccine killed more and more of the rabies germs. Joey began to get well. Dr. Pasteur’s vaccine was a success!

From then on no one had to be afraid of rabies anymore, and people who had laughed at him before, respected him. He is recognized as one of the world’s greatest scientists.

1. What was people’s first reaction toward Pasteur’s thoughts on killing rabies germs?

A．Hopeful.

B．Sceptical.

C．Uncaring.

D．Cheerful.

2. What happened to Joey?

A．He fought with a dog.	B．He drove a mad dog away.
C．He killed the rabies germs.	D．He got rabies unexpectedly.

3. Which of the following words can best describe Pasteur?

A．Proud and imaginative.	B．Careful and simple-minded.
C．Selfless and humorous.	D．Confident and strong-minded.

4. What does the text mainly talk about?

A．The amazing story of Joey.

B．Pasteur’s deep interest in science.

C．The first known person to survive rabies.

D．Pasteur’s success in finding a treatment for rabies.

10 . You might have heard a lot about ancient towns and ancient cities in China. Here, we list several of the most beautiful ancient villages in China.

Baoshan Stone City, Yunnan Province

Baoshan Stone City was built on a huge mushroom-shaped rock, and only has about one hundred houses. The houses are laid out in an orderly way, built on the rock, and linked by stone steps. The Naxi people there still lead an original life and grow crops in terraces(梯田); you can experience the colorful culture of the Naxi ethnic(民族的) group there.

Tuvas Village in Kanas, Xinjiang

Kanas Tuvas Village is near the mysterious Lake Kanas. The small village is located in a valley, and only has about 80 houses. These Swiss-style wooden houses are all surrounded by wooden fences. Tuvas is an ancient minority group. They traditionally lived as hunter-gathers. You can visit a local family, go herding(放牧) with the locals and experience the peaceful ancient village life.

Jiaju Tibetan Village, Danba, Sichuan Province

Jiaju Tibetan Village is known as the “Tibetan fairyland”. It stands on a mountain slope, and consists of about 140 houses. These unique houses are all built with crown-shaped roofs, red caves, and white walls, which make the houses look like little castles among the forest.

Xijiang Miao Village, Guizhou Province

If you’re interested in the Miao Minority, Xijiang Miao Village can be a great destionation for deepening your understanding of Miao history and culture. It’s the largest Miao village in China, and now has 1,432 households with a population of over 5,000, of which 99.5% are Miao ethnic group. It’s also famous for the houses built on poles of different heights.

1. What can you do in Kanas Tuvas Village?

A．Hike in terraces.	B．See houses of a foreign style.
C．Go hunting with the locals.	D．Learn about houses built on poles.

2. Where can you admire the houses like castles?

A．In Baoshan Stone City.	B．In Kanas Tuvas Village.
C．In Jiaju Tibetan Village.	D．In Xijiang Miao Village.

3. What can we infer about the villages mentioned in the text?

A．They remained secret to the outside world in the past.

B．They were originally built to defend their homeland.

C．They are still cut off and difficult to access nowadays.

D．They are the ethnic villages with unique architecture.