1 . The bed should be reserved as a place for sleep，but people tend to read an iPad a lot in bed before they go to sleep．
Charles Czeisler，a professor at Harvard Medical School，and his colleagues got a small group of people for an experiment．For five days in a row，the people read either a paper book or an iPad for four hours before sleep．Their sleep patterns were monitored all night．Before and after each trial period，the people took hourly blood tests to paint a day-long picture of just how much melatonin（褪黑激素）was in their blood at any given time．
When subjects read on the iPad as compared to the paper books，they reported feeling less sleepy at night and less active the following morning．People also took longer to fall asleep on the iPad nights，and the blood tests showed that their melatonin secretion（分泌）was delayed by an hour and a half．
The researchers conclude in today's journal article that gives the rise of e-readers and the increasingly widespread use of e-things among children and adolescents，more research into the"long-term consequences of these devices on health and safety is urgently needed．"Czeisler and colleagues go on，in the research paper，to note"Reading an iPad in bed may increase cancer risk．"
However，software has been developed that can reduce some of the blue light from the screens of phones and computers according to time of day，and there are also glasses that are made to filter（过滤）short wavelengths．While they seem like a logical solution for the nighttime tech users，it needs more research．
1. In Charles Czeisler's experiment，all the subjects were asked to ______ ．| A．sit in a row and receive the strict tests |
| B．have their sleep patterns observed all night |
| C．read a paper book and an iPad at the same time |
| D．have their blood tested per hour during the trial |
| A．feel less sleepy and tired in the day |
| B．fall asleep more easily after reading |
| C．have a lot more melatonin secretion |
| D．become less energetic the next morning |
| A．remove the blue light from your devices completely |
| B．help prevent eyes being harmed by short wavelength |
| C．weaken the harm done by doing nighttime e-reading |
| D．be used in all the e-things widely and safely |
| A．No e-reading in bed before sleep |
| B．New software for night e-readers |
| C．Wrong behaviors before bedtime |
| D．No games on iPad in bed． |
2 . Every year the White House celebrates the day after Easter Sunday in style.The President and the First Lady throw a big party for thousands of guests — mostly kids — on the White House South Lawn and nearby. There is plenty to do at this allday affair — everything from storytelling and stage shows to art activities — and plenty to eat.But it is the eggrolling that attracts the most attention.Easter involves eggs, and the White House celebration has lots of them.Thousands of hardboiled eggs are dyed different colors, and guests go home with special wooden eggs.
Washington, D.C.has been hosting egg parties for quite some time.Some say Dolley Madison and also Abraham Lincoln held eggrolling parties.But most people agree that the Easter Monday party got its start at the United States Capitol in the early 1870s. It moved to the White House South Lawn in 1878, when Rutherford B. Hayes was President.Two years later, it was a regular event there.
The Easter parties are never the same.In the late 1880s, John Philip Sousa, a famous director, started performing them.In the late 1920s, he even wrote a musical composition called “Easter Monday on the White House Lawn”. In those years，guests played Egg Ball, toss and catch or Egg Croquet (槌球戏). Sometimes they went on an egg hunt. While egg rolling was a big part of every party, eggrolling races didn’t begin until the early 1970s. And it wasn’t until 1969 that the White House Easter Bunny was invited.He has been at every party since then.
Only a few things can stop the White House Easter Event.It has been cancelled because of war，weather，and work being done on the White House.But nothing seems to keep kids away from this popular public event — one of the oldest in White House history.Two years ago, more than ten thousand guests celebrated Easter and eggrolling in White House style.
1. When and where is the eggrolling party held?| A．On the day before Easter Sunday; in New York. |
| B．On the day after Easter Sunday; on the White House South Lawn and nearby. |
| C．On the day before Easter Sunday; in Washington， |
| D．C.. |
| A．In the early 1870s. | B．In 1878. |
| C．In 1880. | D．In the late 1920s. |
| A．war | B．weather |
| C．the children’s own businesses | D．important events on the White House |
| A．Eggrolling, White House Style | B．When Eggrolling Happens |
| C．How Eggrolling Happens | D．Welcoming Eggrolling |
3 . Hobbs was an orphan. He worked in a factory and every day he got a little money. Hard work made him thin and weak. He wanted to borrow a lot of money to learn to paint pictures, but he did not think he could pay off the debts.
One day a lawyer said to him, “One thousand dollars, and here is the money.” As Hobbs took the package of notes, he was very dumbfounded. He didn’t know where the money came from and how to spend it. He said to himself, “I could go to find a hotel and live like a rich man for a few days; or I give up my work in the factory and do what I’d like to do: painting pictures. I could do that for a few weeks, but what would I do after that? I should have lost my place in the factory and have no money to live on. If it were a little less money, I would buy a new coat, or a radio, or give a dinner to my friends. If it were more, I could give up the work and pay for painting pictures. But it’s too much for one and too little for the other.”
“Here is the reading of your uncle’s will,” said the lawyer, “telling what is to be done with this money after his death. I must ask you to remember one point. Your uncle has said you must bring me a paper showing exactly what you did with his money, as soon as you have spent it.”
“Yes I see. I’ll do that,” said the young man.
1. Hobbs wanted to borrow money to________.| A．study abroad | B．work abroad |
| C．pay off the debts | D．learn to paint pictures |
| A．Surprised. | B．Frightened. |
| C．Satisfied. | D．Excited. |
| A．planned to have a happy life for a few days |
| B．decided to go on with his work in the factory |
| C．was to give a dinner to his friends |
| D．had no idea what to do |
| A．read his uncle’s will |
| B．buy some pictures |
| C．tell the lawyer what was to be done with the money |
| D．tell the lawyer what he did with the money after spending it |
| A．How to Spend the Sum of Money |
| B．A Large Sum of Unexpected Money |
| C．A Poor Orphan |
| D．A Rich Uncle |
4 . Driving in Canada is similar to driving in many parts of the United States. Distances and speeds, however, are posted in kilometers per hour and some signs, particularly in Quebec, may only be in French.
Unless otherwise posted, the maximum speed limit in Canada is 50km/hr in cities and 80km/hr on highways. On rural highways, the posted speed limit may be 100km/hr. It is illegal to take automobile radar detectors into Quebec, Ontario, Manitoba, and the Yukon. Seat belt use is required by law for all passengers, and child car seats must be used by children under 40 pounds. Some provinces require drivers to keep their vehicles’ headlights on during the day and some have banned driving while using a hand-held cell phone. Motorcycles cannot share a lane, and safety helmets for motorcycle riders and passengers are necessary. Running a red light is a serious crime throughout Canada and drivers are advised to stop before starting when a light turns green.
Winter travel can be dangerous due to heavy snowfalls and icy conditions. Some roads and bridges are often closed in winter. Snow tires are required in some provinces. Travelers should also be careful about animals while driving at night in rural areas.
Highway 401, from Detroit to Montreal, is one of the busiest highways in North America. It has been the scene of many deadly traffic accidents due to sudden and severe weather changes, high rates of speed, and heavy truck traffic. Thus drivers should be alert while travelling here.
Please refer to our Road Safety page for more information. Also, we suggest that you visit the website of Canada’s national authority responsible for road safety.
1. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?| A．All signs on the roads in Quebec are in English. |
| B．Automobile radar detectors are allowed to be used in Manitoba. |
| C．Passengers may choose not to wear seat belts while in a car in Canada. |
| D．The speed of cars in Canadian cities should be less than 50km/hr. |
| A．careful | B．relaxed | C．nervous | D．pleased |
| A．Different traffic rules in Canada | B．Tips for traveling by car in Canada |
| C．Special rules for driving in Canada | D．Traffic safety and road conditions in Canada |
5 . Mark Twain, the famous American writer and a great master of humor, liked to play jokes on others. But once a joke was played on him. One day Mark Twain was invited to give a talk in a small town. At lunch he met a young man,one of his friends.
The young man said that he had an uncle with him. He told Mark Twain that his uncle never laughed or smiled, and that nobody and nothing was able to make his uncle smile or laugh.
“You bring your uncle to my talk this evening,” said Mark Twain. “I’m sure I can make him laugh.”
That evening the young man and his uncle sat in the front. Mark Twain began to speak. He told several funny stories and made everyone in the room laugh. But the man never even smiled. Mark Twain told more funny stories, but the old man still kept quiet. Mark Twain continued to tell his funny stories. Finally he stopped. He was tired and quite disappointed.
Some days later, Mark Twain told another friend what had happened. “Oh,” said his friend,“I know that man. He’s been deaf for years.”
1. The writer wrote the passage mainly to________.| A．tell readers Mark Twain liked playing jokes |
| B．tell readers a joke played on Mark Twain |
| C．tell readers Mark Twain was a great writer |
| D．tell readers how to tell a funny story |
| A．a friend | B．his brother |
| C．his teacher | D．a young girl |
| A．disappointed | B．sorry |
| C．ill | D．sleepy |
| A．his jokes were not funny |
| B．the old man wasn’t interested in the jokes |
| C．the old man could tell more funny jokes |
| D．the old man was deaf |
6 . Good afternoon, and welcome to England. We hope that your visit here will be a pleasant one. Today, I would like to draw your attention to a few of our laws.
The first one is about drinking. Now, you may not buy alcohol (酒) in this country if you are under 18 years of age, nor may your friends buy it for you.
Secondly, noise. Enjoy yourselves by all means, but please don’t make unnecessary noise, particularly at night. We ask you to respect other people who may wish to be quiet.
Thirdly crossing the road. Be careful. The traffic moves on the left side of he road in this country. Use pedestrian crossings (人行横道) and do not take any chances when crossing the road.
My next point is about litter (throwing away waste material in a public place). It is an offence (违法行为) to drop litter in the street. When you have something to throw away, please put it in your pocket and take it home, or put it in a litter bin.
Finally, as regards smoking, it is against the law to buy cigarettes or tobacco (烟草) if you are under 16 years of age.
I’d like to finish by saying that if you require any sort of help or assistance, you should contact your local police station, who will be pleased to help you.
Now, are there any questions?
1. The main purpose of this speech would be to ____ .| A．declare the laws of different kinds |
| B．give advice to travellers to the country |
| C．prepare people for international travel |
| D．inform people of the punishment for breaking laws |
| A．Three. | B．Four. |
| C．Five. | D．Six |
| A．You may not buy cigarettes or tobacco unless you are above 16 years of age. |
| B．You can’t make noise except at night. |
| C．Because the traffic moves on the left side of he road ,you must use pedestrian crossings when crossing the road. |
| D．In this country, if you are under 18 years of age, you may not buy alcohol, but your friend can buy it for you. |
| A．keep in touch with |
| B．report |
| C．get in touch with |
| D．join |
| A．A lawmaker | B．A lawyer |
| C．A teacher | D．A policeman |
Supported by his research, he suggested that when predicting future successes, a person’s brainpower, as measured by IQ tests, might actually matter less than a person’s character, or EQ. Professor Salovery may be correct. For example, have you ever wondered why some of the best and smartest students in your class end up failing exams? Perhaps it is because of their EQ. People often make the mistake of thinking that EQ is the opposite of IQ. It is not. Although it is hoped that people have both high EQs and IQs, there is little doubt that those with low EQs have a hard time surviving in life.
For a long time, researchers discussed if a person’s IQ could be raised. The geneticists said no, while the social scientists said yes. Furthermore, the social scientists said that it was possible to improve a person’s EQ, particularly in terms of “people skills”, such as understanding and communication.
Recently, a professor released the findings of a study on senior high school students. When some normal students were introduced to some disabled students, they found that afterwards they were more willing to help people in difficulties. At the same time, there was a marked change in the disabled students’ attitudes. They became more positive about their disabilities and were more eager to try new things. People with high EQs often have positive attitudes towards life and are open to different ideas, so they tend to be more creative in their thinking. Please remember that having a high IQ is helpful but having a high EQ might even be more helpful.
1. According to Professor Salovery, what factor matters the most in predicting whether a person will be successful or not?
| A．How a person tests his / her brainpower. |
| B．A person’s IQ. |
| C．How smart a person is. |
| D．A person’s character. |
| A．people who have a low EQ tend to have a hard life |
| B．EQ is the opposite of IQ |
| C．people who have a high IQ always have a high EQ |
| D．people who have a high EQ always have a high IQ |
| A．Students with disabilities were not open in trying new things. |
| B．There was no change in the normal students. |
| C．The disabled students became more positive and more eager to try new things. |
| D．The disabled students were more willing to help others. |
| A．IQ is more helpful to people than EQ. |
| B．IQ can be raised by understanding and communication. |
| C．A high EQ is of great benefit in getting people promoted. |
| D．EQ can get people hired. |
| A．IQ, EQ and success. |
| B．A person’s brainpower. |
| C．IQ and a person’s character. |
| D．A person’s IQ and EQ. |
Authoring a blog, maintaining a blog or adding an article to an existing blog is called “blogging”. Blogging has revolutionized Internet publishing in the last several years because it gives everyone with Internet access the opportunity to become an online writer. Objects, such as “text and photos” in a blog can be called “blog posts”, “posts”, or “entries”. The person who posts these entries is called a “blogger”.
Now, somewhere around the world, a blog is created almost every 6 seconds. Because it’s great potential, Bill Gates views it as important as e-mail, BBS, and MSN. He’s trying to make blogs the important tools for future business communications.
1. A blog is .
| A．an Internet journal | B．a comment |
| C．a design | D．a link |
| A．enjoy photos | B．give comments |
| C．read articles | D．talk to others |
| A．A person who posts letters. |
| B．A person who posts text or photos in a blog. |
| C．A person who writes articles. |
| D．A person who is an online publisher. |
| A．Bill Gates will invent some tools for blogs |
| B．blogs will replace e-mail, BBS and MSN in the future |
| C．blogs will be an important business communication tool in the future |
| D．so far, only a few persons have created blogs |
| A．give everyone the chance to be an online writer |
| B．can be created by people without much knowledge of computer technology |
| C．enable a blogger to place news, personal thoughts, text and photos and give comments |
| D．all of the above |
When he was twelve, he opened his first school in a nearby town, but there was very little money. He had to close his school and work in his uncle’s field.
Three years later, he ran a school in Kendall, England with his brother and a friend. They taught many subjects. There, John studied the weather and the nature around him. He collected butterflies and snails. He did many other scientific tests.
In 1793, John moved to Manchester to teach at New College, and began observing the behavior of gases. He began to think about different elements (元素) and how they are made up of.
In 1808, Dalton published a book, A New System of Chemical Philosophy. His atomic masses were not all careful and exact, but they formed the basis for the modern periodic table (元素周期表).
John Dalton died in 1844 in England. Today, scientists everywhere accept Dalton’s idea of how the atoms were made. A simple country boy showed the world a new way of thinking about the universe and how it is made.
1. The following statements are true except that ________.
| A．John Dalton was born into a poor family in England |
| B．John Dalton continued his study in a nearby town at 12 |
| C．John Dalton worked as a teacher in Kendall at 15 |
| D．John Dalton began to think about how things are formed at 27 |
| A．the book A New System of Chemical Philosophy is useless |
| B．John Dalton shouldn’t have made so many mistakes in his book |
| C．John Dalton was the first to publish the modern periodic table |
| D．the modern periodic table was based on John Dalton’s work |
| A．John Dalton showed great interest in science when he was young |
| B．John Dalton worked as a school student in most of his early years |
| C．John Dalton was even more famous when he was 40 years old |
| D．if John Dalton had been in the city, he wouldn’t have been successful |
| A．time | B．importance | C．events | D．space |
10 . The following card includes a brief summary and a short assessment of a research paper. It can provide a guide for further reading on the topic.
Trevor, C. O., Lansford, B. and Black, J. W., 2004, “Employee turnover (人事变更) and job performance: monitoring the influences of salary growth and promotion”, Journal of Armchair Psychology, vol. 113, no.1, pp. 56-64.
In this article Trevor et al. review the influences of pay and job opportunities in respect of job performance, turnover rates and employees’ job attitude. The authors use data gained through organizational surveys of blue-chip companies in Vancouver, Canada to try to identify the main cause of employee turnover and whether it is linked to salary growth. Their research focuses on assessing a range of pay structures such as pay for performance and organizational reward plans. The article is useful as Trevor et al. suggest that there are numerous reasons for employee turnover and a variety of differences in employees’ job attitude and performance. The main limitation of the article is that the survey sample was restricted to mid-level management, thus the authors indicate that further, more extensive research needs to be undertaken to develop a more in-depth understanding of employee turnover and job performance. As this article was published in a professional journal, the findings can be considered reliable. It will be useful additional information for the research on pay structures.
1. The research paper published is primarily concerned with .| A．the way of preventing employee turnover |
| B．methods of improving employee performance |
| C．factors affecting employee turnover and performance |
| D．pay structures based on employee performance |
| A．the data analysis is hardly reliable | B．the research sample is not wide enough |
| C．the findings are of no practical value | D．the research method is out-of-date |
| A．Job hunters. | B．Employees in blue-chip companies. |
| C．Mid-level managers. | D．Researchers on employee turnover. |
