John Snow is a famous doctor in London—so expert was he     1     he attended Queen Victoria     2     her personal physician. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people     3     (expose) to cholera which often lead to large number of     4     (die). Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. So many thousands of     5     (terrify) people died every time there was     6     outbreak. John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve this problem. He knew that cholera would never be controlled     7     it’s cause was found. In 1854 when cholera broke     8    , he began to gather information and found out that the polluted water was     9     (blame). John Snow suggested the source of all water supplies     10     (examine). Finally, “King Cholera” was defeated.

In the past few years, more than half of bookstores in China have closed down,     1     is the result of the     2    (compete) with online bookstores. But the success of Sisyphe Bookstore, one of the     3    (big) privately-owned bookstore chains in China, may serve     4     a great example .

    5    (found) in 1993, Sisyphe started to transform and upgrade its business in 2009 to seek its profitability. Now, it not only devotes itself to     6    (sell) books , but combines the functions of the bookstore, cafe and the sale of     7    (create) cultural products. Sisyphe opens its bookstores in shopping malls in order to take advantage of the large number of consumers of shopping malls to sell its books, and it also     8    (able) people to enjoy spending time reading and drinking coffee. In return, bookstores have improved the cultural atmosphere of shopping malls, so     9     is mutually beneficial to have such cooperation.

So far, the government     10    (offer) tax reduction for bookstores to encourage the development of physical bookstores. Perhaps it is early to say the boom of physical bookstores has come, but definitely, we see the turning point to them.

The Sad Zither is a famous seven-verse poem     1     (write)by Tang Dynasty poet Li Shangyin (813—858). Due to its rich imagery, the poem is regarded as one of     2     (hard)poems to explain and translate.

In     3     beginning of the poem, the poet looks at his zither and recalls the death of his beloved wife. The big number of strings, which might not be the real number, is mentioned     4     (show) his feeling. With so many strings, his zither creates complicated tones,     5     (suggest) the sorrow and depression the poet feels. The reality is so cruel that he wishes everything     6     happened was untrue. In this part, he uses four Chinese ancient myths and legends: Zhuangzi, a philosopher, dreams of being a butterfly and couldn’t distinguish dream     7     reality; the ancient emperor Wang becomes a cuckoo and always cries; mermaid’s tears become pearl and vapor of jade from Lantian County can     8     (see)in the sunlight. The first three stories all create a sad atmosphere. Though the last legend describes a beautiful scene, it’s hard to reach, implicating the hopelessness.

Actually, the four     9     (story)he chose indicate Li’s dissatisfaction with his life.   

In the end, the poet     10     (direct)expresses his point. He wrote about his regret toward the passing years and the helplessness of being unable to change anything, even if he was given the chance to live those years again.

Chinese scientist Yuan Longping, globally known for developing the first hybrid rice strain in 1973 that rid countless people     1    hunger, passed away in 2021 at the age of 91.

The scientist spent over five decades researching and improving hybrid rice,     2    has reached its third generation, feeding     3    (near) one-fifth of the world’s population with less than 9 percent of the world’s total land. In China, the annual planting area of hybrid rice has topped 16 million hectares, or 57 percent of     4    total planting area of rice. Its growth area overseas has reached 8 million hectares. His more recent achievements included developing     5    (vary) seawater rice, or saline-alkali(盐碱) tolerant rice. His team planned to use the rice     6    (transform) 6.7 million hectares of saline-alkali land in China over the next eight to 10 years.

Yuan once said he had two dreams - to “enjoy the cool under the rice crops     7    (tall) than men” and that hybrid rice could be grown all over the world to help solve the global     8    (short) of food.

Yuan’s lifelong devotion to     9    (reduce) hunger has made him a national hero and household name in China. In 1999, an asteroid(小行星) discovered by the National Astronomical Observatories     10    (name) after Yuan. In 2019, he was awarded the Medal of the Republic, China’s highest state honor.

Mountain climbing has appealed    1    many people. With more and more mountain climbing    2    (sight) developed, people are getting more chances to experience this exciting sport.

Those who aren’t brave enough to climb a mountain but still want to get a similar experience can go for man-made rock climbing wall. While mountain climbing is more difficult and dangerous and needs    3    (great) focus, the man-made rock climbing wall is less dangerous as the person just needs to climb a cliff(悬崖)    4    is not so high as a mountain.

Climbing man-made rock wall doesn’t need much skill and can    5    (do) with the help of a coach even if you don’t have any knowledge about the sport. However, those    6    (plan) to go for mountain climbing must have information about how this sport is carried out, though they needn’t learn the knowledge of mountain climbing    7    (thorough).

It is also important    8    (make) sure that you are fit to take part in this sport.    9    is suggested that you speak to someone with the first-hand experience of mountain climbing before planning to take up the sport.

I have tried climbing man-made rock wall with incredible    10    (brave) and the experience is very good. I would also like to try mountain climbing and I need to get enough courage for it first.

One evening I was going back from a supermarket. As I approached my car, I noticed one person     1     (stand) beside me. He was a person who     2     (consider) as a bum(流浪汉).It seemed     3     he had no car, no home and no job. I expected that he would ask me     4     money, but he didn't. He only said, "Your car is very nice. ”

After several moments of     5     (silent), I asked him if he needed help and his response was astonishing. I will never forget those simple three words that I heard from him, "Don't we all?” It was a true discovery to me. I needed help. Although I had money and a place     6    (sleep), but I recognized that I needed help too. Then I opened my wallet and gave him enough money to get a meal and room to stay in for a day.     7     (sudden), I understood that no matter how much money, achievements, luxury goods(奢侈品)we have, we all need help. And on     8     other hand, no matter how poor you are, how many material     9    (problem) you have, you still might offer your help to others. You still might be giving. Even it's just a nice word, you can give that and it can be     10     (value) to other persons.

Badlands National Park is a national park in southwestern South Dakota. Visitors can hike and camp among mountains t rivers, and grasslands. Ancient rhinos, horses, and big cats once    1    (live) here. Nowadays, the park is mainly home    2    sheep and many small animals    3    live underground.

Badlands National Park has no formal    4    (reserve) system, so visitors can stay as long as they like. However, this does not mean that there aren’t rules.You must register at one of the five different    5    (area ) and speak to a staff member directly before    6    ( set) out on an overnight trip. Maps are    7    (strong) recommended and are available for purchase in the Badlands bookstore. Campfires are not allowed under any conditions; you must use    8    special kind of stove. Pets are not allowed, either. Your location must be at least half a mile from a road. All garbage, including toilet paper, must be carried out, and all human waste must    9    (bury) in a small hole 6 inches deep and a minimum of 200 feet from any water source. Finally, you should always check the weather forecast, as thunderstorms are common in summer.September and early October are the    10    (good) backpacking months.

I have even wondered if money buys happiness. It seems that money will allow me to buy the things    1    make me happy. But one day I sat down and made a list of the things I wanted    2    (do) in my life. I realized I’d never put much thought into it. I’d written down these things —like taking a photo on the mountain and staying at a hotel in Dubai, but I didn’t really plan to do it,     3     (simple) because I didn't have the time.

My life consisted     4     heading to the office, running on the road, working some more …It didn’t matter if my salary doubled; the life would stay     5    same. Sure I’d probably drive a     6     (nice) car, move into a bigger place, and have a bigger TV than my friends, but that wasn't helping me realize any of my goals. Six months after    7     (create) that list, my belief has changed. I’d keep working on my list, for     8     (experience) were much more important than any of the material items. It’s not hard to create opportunity for     9     (you). All it     10     (take) is a little creative thinking.