1 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

The Tour de France is the most important bicycle race in the world. The three-week-long race,     1     was first organized in 1903, is     2     (tradition) held in July. Although the route of the race changes slightly every year, it always contains a mixture of the flat stages at the     3     (begin) and the difficult stages across the Pyrenees and the Alps.

Each of the teams that can enter the Tour de France    4     (include) nine riders. And each team has a leader, usually the     5     (good) cyclist in the team. The other members of the team support him. They help him come back to     6     front line if he falls behind or they block off attacks by other teams. The main goal of every team is     7     (have)one of their athletes in the yellow jersey (运动套衫), which always belongs to the leading cyclist in the overall race. The time of each stage     8     (add)up.

The ranking is also important. The best mountain rider wears a polka-dot jersey and the best young rider wears a white jersey.     9     , not all cyclists of the Tour de France make it to the finish line. Many drop out because of injuries or because     10     (they) bodies cannot cope with the physical strain (损伤) of a three-week tour.

3 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

As he prepared to jump out of a plane at 7,600 metres, Luke Aikins could hardly see his landing area. Aikins was trying to jump from such a height without a parachute (降落伞). This is     1    (usual). He needed to land on a huge net (网) hung above a desert in southern California. “I’d be     2    (lie) if I said I wasn’t nervous,” Aikins said as he got on the plane.

The whole process     3    (take) a little more than two minutes, but the 42-year-old man prepared to make the jump for two years. “I take the jump very     4    (serious). I have a family and I’ve got a life with to live. It’s not     5    joke,” he said. “I’m a professional skydiver     6     more than 18,000 jumps,     7     never once had I left a plane without a parachute.”

Aikins’s wife,     8     was among the viewers below, watched him fall into the net. The skydiver did not move for several     9    (second) as the net was lowered to the ground. Then Aikins stood, waved his arms and hugged his wife. Aikins became the first-ever skydiver     10    (land) safely without a parachute.

4 . 语法填空

Recently our class has conducted a survey about “The growth of 00’s generation” People’s opinions on it     1     (be) divided.

Some people think that the 00’s generation are confident, ambitious and     2     (depend) in thinking. What’s more, they are fond of new things, ready to accept and try them. It’s especially worth     3     (mention) that they are enthusiastic and caring. They treasure friendship and are good at communicating     4     others.

However, others argue that the post-00’s generation are too self-centered and dependent on their parents in life     5     teachers in studies. They tend to live a comfortable life but are less able to overcome frustration. Besides, some of them lack the sense of     6     (responsible) )and don’t know how to show gratitude to others.     7     (badly) still, many are so weak in controlling themselves that they are often addicted     8     the Internet.

As a member of them, I think we post-00’s generation should be aware of our own     9     (strength) and weaknesses, so that we can try to perfect     10     (us). Only in this way can we gain respect and faith from others.

6 . Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Many procedures are available for obtaining data about a language.     1    range from a carefully planned, intensive field investigation of a foreign language in a foreign country to a casual study of one’s own mother tongue carried out in an armchair at home. To do this, someone has to act as a source of language data-an informant. Informants are ideally native speakers of a language,    2    provide words and sentences for analysis and other kinds of information about the language.

Many factors must be considered when selecting informants—    3    one is working with a single speaker or more people interacting. Age, sex, social background and other aspects of identity are important, as these factors are known to influence the type of the language used. The topic of conversation and the characteristics of the social setting are also highly relevant,    4    are the personal qualities of the informants.

Today, researchers often tape-record informants. This enables the linguist’s claims about the language    5    (check), and provides a way of making those claims more accurate as difficult pieces of speech can be listened to repeatedly. But obtaining naturalistic, good-quality data is never easy. People talk abnormally when they know they    6    (record), and sound quality can be poor. A variety of tape-recording procedures have thus been devised to minimize the ‘observer’s paradox’, a situation in which people feel strange to each other. Some recordings are made    7    the speakers being aware of the fact—a procedure that obtains very natural data, though ethical objections must be expected. Alternatively, attempts can be made to make the speaker forget about the recording,    8    keeping the tape recorder out of sight, or using radio microphones. A useful technique is to introduce a topic that quickly involves the speaker, and stimulates a natural language style, like asking older informants about how times have changed in their locality.

An audio tape recording does not solve all the linguist’s problems, however. Speech is often ambiguous or unclear. Where possible, therefore, the recording has to be supplemented by the observer’s    9    (write)comments on the non-verbal behavior of the participants, and about the context in general. A facial expression, for example, can dramatically alter the meaning of    10    is said. Video recordings avoid these problems to a large extent, but even they have limitations as the camera cannot be everywhere, and transcription always benefits from any additional commentary provided by an observer.

8 . After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

I’ve always enjoyed walking but never in a million years     1     I imagine I would end up walking over 200 kilometers in 10 days, become a fan of walking holidays, and end up developing self-guided hiking routes in Portugal with a local tour operator as part of my business. The shift from being someone who was content with an easy three-hour walk to an     2     (experience) multi-day hiker began with a brief taste of the Portuguese Camino de Shantiago, and ancient pilgrim trail (朝圣者道路) through Portugal to Snatiago de Compostela Cathedral in Spain.

Back in 2013 I did a guided one-day hike along one of the most beautiful and     3     (challenge) stretches of the Camino, north of Ponte de Lima, so it was hard work, but the views from the top of Labruja Mountain made the climb worthwhile. My guides were so enthusiastic about the thrill of arriving at Sangtiago de Compostela Cathedral after the challenges of day after day on the Camino     4     I began to think I might want to give it a go,     5     not being religious.

Fast forward a few years and I set off from Barcelos with a friend of mine     6     (follow) the Portuguese Camino de Santiago. Apart from suffering from back pain, I thought I was quite fit but nothing had prepared me for     7     exhausted I would feel at the end of each walking day.

This was truly a slow travel experience, as we were averaging about 20 kilometers per day. I     8     (expect) plenty of sightseeing but that ended up being minimal. Quickly, I realized the moral of this unique travel experience: The Camino was all about making the most of the journey rather than the destination.

I will never forget the sense of achievement and progress tit the end of each walking day, and the relief and pride I felt when we finally made     9     to Santiago de Compostela.

We met people     10    , from all walks of life, managed to walk the Camino several times and I can totally understand how it can become addictive.

10 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。每空不得超过四个单词

A dog named Peggy was unable to continue the job she was good     1    -herding (放牧) sheep一when at age 8 she lost    2    (she) hearing.

Peggy’s owners gave her to a local animal shelter (庇护所) when they found it hard    3    (communicate) with her. The manager of the shelter ChloeShorten    4    (offer) to help. Shorten and her husband, Jason,    5     had two other working sheepdogs, decided to take Peggy home.

While Peggy became deaf,    6     (obvious), her love for sheep herding hadn’t disappeared.“We knew Peggy wanted to work, so we taught her how to herd and work with us without     7    (depend) on voice commands (指令),Shorten said. With    8    help of a sheepdog trainer, Peggy finally learned to reply to sign language rather than traditional voice commands.

But the most important lesson Peggy learned had nothing to do with sheep. It was about trust. “It took her some time to learn that we love her, and understand our praise,” Shorten said.

These days, with her GPS tracker in place, Peggy heads out with sheep fom time to time, happily knowing that the     9    (mean) of a “thumbs (拇指)up” is that she’s a good girl. The Shortens couldn’t be     10    (pleased) with Peggy.