1 . AI could help us deconstruct the magic of music
We all know that music is a powerful influencer.
In a new paper, researchers at the University of Southern California mapped out how things like tone, rhythm, and harmony cause different types of brain activity, physiological reactions (heat, sweat, and changes in electrical response), and emotions(happiness or sadness), and how machine learning could use those relationships to predict how people might respond to a new piece of music. The results, presented at a conference on the intersections of computer science and art, show how we may one day be able to engineer targeted musical experiences for purposes ranging from therapy to movies.
The researchers first searched music streaming sites for songs with very few plays, tagged either “happy” or “sad.”
The research is still in very early stages, and it will be a while before more powerful machine-learning models will be able to predict your mental and physical reactions to a song with any precision. But the researchers are excited about how such models could be applied: to design music for specific individuals, to create movie soundtracks easily arousing sympathy, or to help patients with mental health problems stimulate specific parts of their brain.
A.The research focuses on whether machine can learn to predict people’s preference of music. |
B.The lab is already working with addiction treatment clinics to see how other forms of media could help patients. |
C.A movie without a soundtrack doesn’t stimulate the same emotional journey. |
D.Through a series of human testers, 60 pieces for each emotion were narrowed down to a final list of three. |
E.The research is part of the lab’s broader goal to understand how different forms of media affect people’s bodies and brains. |
F.The researchers are excited about how AI could be used to enhance the function of music in more fields. |
2 .
The changing population throughout the globalizing world, in particular an increase in the aging population and a decrease in birth rates, is disturbing housing markets.
Since 1970, global average income per person has increased, with a few exceptions as in 2009 and 2015, and inequality has also widened among and within nations. The International Monetary Fund’s Global House Price Index collapsed in 2008 before climbing again to reach pre-crisis levels. Due to these population and financial trends, household structures have changed with increased preference for smaller, shared living quarters and less home ownership worldwide. Analysts increasingly focus on mapping and predicting effects of globalization on housing markets and individual decisions.
Countries at the forefront of globalization, namely the United States and China, as well as rapidly globalizing countries like India, expect their aging populations to double by the year 2050. Coupled with changes to the family structure, especially a childbirth rate nearly halved since 1950 and more two-income households, decisions involving the housing stock are more complex than ever before.
The three countries may share a common challenge: Their governments are not well prepared for rapid growth in their graying populations. Out of the three, the United States could be most affected, as the primary-mode of senior care in China and India is in-home care. If family support remains the top choice for senior care, this could prevent India and China from the possible negative effects of the inadequate public and private planning. In-home care involves family members covering the cost and accommodation of senior members. About 65 percent of US elderly in need of assistance rely on family and friends, and non-family senior care is relatively new for India and China.
1. Which of the following is TRUE according to paragraph 1 and 2?A.The housing markets are mostly affected by the decrease in birth rates and rise in death rates. |
B.Inequality has widened among and within nations due to the rapid globalization of the households. |
C.The population and financial trends led to increased preference for smaller, shared accommodations. |
D.Analysts think globalization has decisive effects on housing markets and individual decisions. |
A.The aging populations of the three countries are expected to decrease by 2050. |
B.Non-family senior care probably remains the best choice for the elderly in America. |
C.China will probably have the largest percentage of the senior population by 2050. |
D.The three giants in terms of population must avoid the challenges from their citizens. |
A.The challenge for the aged | B.Shelter for an aging world |
C.The rapid growth of population | D.Comparison on globalization |
A. threatened B. enthusiastically C. charge D. viewed E. command F. satisfy G. undoubtedly H. approval I. favorable J. treasured K. considerable |
Public image doesn't make money directly. nor is it anything visible. However, excellent public image is such an important thing that it is
A firm's public image plays a vital role in the attraction of the firm and its products to employees, customers, and to such outsiders as stockholders, supplies, creditors (贷款方), government officials, as well as different special groups. With some things it is impossible to
A firm's public image, if it is good, should be
4 . Bhutan(不丹)is one of the few places in the world where you can experience unbroken Buddhist(佛教徒的)culture. Spirituality is in daily life here. I came because I wanted to witness firsthand what it might mean to devote your life to
Although this is the Himalayas(喜马拉雅山),you don't come here to climb mountains. Mountains are
You don't have to tip your head back to look at the sky; you can stare
Make a
Make visitors come in autumn or spring, when the views are best and the weather is dry, but come off
A.spiritual | B.widespread | C.actual | D.legal |
A.distant | B.holy | C.wild | D.rocky |
A.different | B.complex | C.unique | D.emotional |
A.damage | B.transformation | C.protection | D.power |
A.related | B.perfect | C.tiny | D.dominant |
A.in appearance | B.in advance | C.in action | D.in order |
A.ensures | B.permits | C.warns | D.opposes |
A.blankly | B.straight | C.hard | D.coldly |
A.confirm | B.challenge | C.accept | D.admire |
A.lives | B.contrasts | C.forms | D.improves |
A.list | B.check | C.point | D.difference |
A.miss | B.highlight | C.enlarge | D.change |
A.visitors | B.people | C.religion | D.value |
A.peak | B.business | C.year | D.job |
A.flavor | B.sense | C.idea | D.trace |
1.
A.To concentrate for our quiet thought. |
B.To give full attention to the driving. |
C.To avoid being caught by the police. |
D.To be as casual as possible in the driving. |
A.In an elevator. | B.At a special hall. |
C.In a bathroom. | D.At a concert. |
A.By listening comprehensively and analytically. |
B.By taking a sonic bath thoroughly. |
C.By attending classical concerts frequently. |
D.By listening to an emotional piece of music. |
6 . Imagine you're standing in line to buy an after-school snack at a store. You step up to the counter and the cashier scans your food. Next, you have to pay. But instead of scanning a QR code with your smartphone, you just hold out your hand so the cashier can scan your fingerprint. Or, a camera scans your face, your eyes or even your ear.
In 2013, Apple introduced the iPhone 5s, one of the first smartphones with a fingerprint scanner. Since then, using one's fingerprint to unlock a phone and make mobile payments has become commonplace, bringing convenience to our lives. And since lasts year, San-sun has featured eye-scanning technology in its top smartphone, while Apple's new iPhone X can even scan a user's face.
When introducing the new iPhone's Face ID feature at Apple's Keynote Event in September. Phil Schiller, Apple's senior vice president, said. “
But it's already been done. In a video posted on community website Reddit on Nov 3, two brothers showed how they were each able to unlock the same iPhone X using their own face. Quartz reported. And they aren't even twins.
“We may expect too much from bio-metrics.” Anil Jain, a computer science professor at Michigan State University. told CBS news. “No security systems are perfect.”
Earlier this year, Jain found a way to trick biometric security. Using a printed copy of a thumbprint, she was able to unlock a dead person's smartphone for police.
“It's good to see bio-metrics being used more,” Jain told CBS News, “because it adds another factor for security.
A.But despite its popularity, experts warn that bio-metrics might not be as secure as we'd imagined |
B.Security experts don't think it absolutely necessary to use biometric technology. |
C.But using different security measures is the best defense. |
D.Now, this type of technology might not be far away. |
E.If a person's biometric information is stolen, that could have extremely serious results for him. |
F.The chance that a random person could look at your iPhone X and unlock it with his face is about one in a million. |
7 . Being Bigger isn’t Necessarily Considered Better
The firm, which famously started life in 1939, has now declared a new age: that of smaller start-up. By 2014, when Ms Whitman announced HP’s decision to separate its computer and printer business from its corporate hardware and services operations, the company had grown into a clumsy
“I would go from laser jet printing to our big enterprise services contracts where we were running the back end of IT for many big companies and organizations. These two things are not like each other. So the ability to focus and engage with customers on a(n)
Her assumption that bigger doesn’t always mean better seems
Box, a cloud storage company, is another case in point. Founder Aaron Levie says “Whether Uber, Airbnb, those same lessons
A.appearance | B.construction | C.giant | D.possession |
A.decline | B.increase | C.stay | D.vary |
A.adventure | B.combination | C.development | D.split |
A.behavior | B.growth | C.markets | D.policies |
A.ambitious | B.complex | C.narrow | D.overall |
A.delivered | B.improved | C.measured | D.standardized |
A.allows | B.employs | C.reminds | D.threatens |
A.All in all | B.For example | C.On the contrary | D.What’s more |
A.held back | B.kept on | C.looked over | D.taken down |
A.dissolved | B.expanded | C.operated | D.shrunk |
A.fundamental | B.reasonable | C.surprising | D.widespread |
A.diligence | B.discipline | C.profit | D.size |
A.Comparatively | B.Generally | C.Similarly | D.Unexpectedly |
A.apply | B.fail | C.hide | D.increase |
A.friendly | B.miserable | C.motivated | D.troublesome |
Adolescents Worldwide Not Sufficiently Physically Active
New WHO-led study says majority of adolescents worldwide are not sufficiently physically active, putting their current and future health at risk.
The health benefits of a physically active lifestyle during adolescence include improved heart and lungs fitness, bone health and positive effects on weight. There is also growing evidence that physical activity has a positive impact on cognitive development and socializing.
To achieve these benefits, the WHO recommends for adolescents to do moderate or vigorous physical activity for an hour or more each day. The authors estimated 80 percent of teems do not meet this recommendation by analysing data collected through school-based surveys on physical activity levels.
A.Current evidence suggests that many of these benefits continue into adulthood. |
B.To increase physical activity for adolescents, the authors need to identify the many causes and inequities. |
C.The authors say that levels of insufficient physical activity in adolescents continue to be extremely high. |
D.To improve levels of physical activity among adolescents, the study provides some recommendation as follows. |
E.The authors note that adolescents' participation in physical activity will continue into adulthood. |
F.The study highlights that young people have the right to play and should be provided with the opportunities to realize their right to physical and mental health and well-being. |
9 . Saturday 28 April, 2001: Denis Tito was setting off on his holiday. Mr. Tito’s journey was certainly unusual. So was the transport he chose and the price of his trip.
The 60-year-old multi-millionaire from New York was sitting on board a Russian spaceship. He was on a journey to the International Space Station. It might have been a routine trip for the two astronauts who were traveling with him, but for him it was certainly no ordinary journey. Dennis Tito was the first tourist ever in space, and he had paid the sum of $ 20 million to go there. As the spacecraft left the earth’s atmosphere, Tito drank a glass of fruit juice to celebrate and looked down at the earth’s blue-green surface. Two minutes later, he was sick. Luckily, it was only a minor problem. He soon recovered, and from then on enjoyed a smooth journey. When he arrived at the space station, there was a big smile on his face. “A great trip!” he commented. “I love space.”
For a long time space travel was something for heroes. But all this is going to change. Companies like ProSpace are investing large amounts of money in space travel. They want space and space travel to belong to the public, not just governments. There are other plans, like voyages through space from one side of the world to the other. Maybe we will be able to depart from New York at nine o'clock in the morning, and arrive an hour later --- in Tokyo! Such a schedule would allow the business travel to return to New York on the same day, and still have eight hours for a meeting!
1. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A.Business Travelers. | B.Space Tourists. |
C.A space Exploration. | D.A frightening Adventure. |
A.enjoyed his trip very much. | B.was too sick to eat anything in space. |
C.suffered a lot during the trip. | D.didn’t think the trip was worthwhile. |
A.Tito was the first American tourist in space. |
B.Tito contributed all of his wealth to his space trip. |
C.Tito visited the Russian Space Station during his trip. |
D.Space travel has become a routine for Tito since then. |
A.space travel will belong to the public instead of governments. |
B.airplanes will some day reach the speed of space vehicles. |
C.we will be able to circle the earth within less than an hour. |
D.travel between two places on earth will be made through space. |
10 . A sensational new scientific discovery in the ocean near Australia may explain the most massive extinction of living things in Earth’s history. For years, scholars have been frustrated in trying to analyze why 90 to 95 percent of sea life and 75 percent of and life vanished about 250 million years ago. The extinctions were so enormous that they are called The Great Dying. To date, some authorities on ancient life thought that a volcanic eruption or a sudden change in the environment affected all life on Earth. Other specialists have doubted these theories, maintaining that it was not plausible that a solo volcano could bring about such chaos. From the outset, critics believed these claims were exaggerated.
By contrast, there is wide acceptance of the idea that a meteor (流星)which hit Mexico’s Yucatan peninsula 65 million years ago was the primary cause of the dinosaurs’ extinction. Nevertheless, until now they had no evidence of an intense meteor impact 185 mill on years earlier. Now they do.
American geologists have been examining rock samples from a deep sea crater (火山口)near the northwest coast of Australia. The samples were initially collected and preserved by petroleum technicians seeking oil. Now the geologists and their colleagues believe that the precise splits in the rock’s structure show a typical pattern for meteors. There is a clear distinction from volcanic patterns. In fact, a spokesperson went so far as to say that these rocks completely revise the way scientists perceive the mass extinctions from the ancient era. Academics say that the meteor’s crater s the size of Mount Qomolangma, the highest mountain on Earth! Literally, the meteor made a mark on Earth as it drowned in the sea. The Earth could not absorb such a harsh blow without sustaining global devastation. Things must have come to a standstill. Evidently, the blow was fatal for many forms of life.
Bear in mind that all this was long before mammals---including humans--emerged in Earth’s history. Still, we would be wise to pay attention to the damage a meteor can cause. Fortunately, meteor strikes on Earth are few and far between.
1. The word “plausible” (paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to “______”.A.available | B.incredible |
C.reasonable | D.ridiculous |
A.Because they were very resistant | B.Because there weren’t any then |
C.Because they lived in isolated areas | D.Because they hid themselves in the caves |
A.Scholars agreed that a single volcano caused The Great Dying |
B.75 percent of land life continued 250 million years ago |
C.Volcanic rocks and meteors have different patterns |
D.When the meteor hit land Mount Qomolangma sprang up. |
A.The Dinosaurs’ End | B.Crater on Qomolangma |
C.Contradictory Claims | D.A Meteor’s Impact |