1 . 阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空.在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空.请在答题卡指定区域作答。

The Scream was painted by Edvard Munch in 1893.     1     makes it striking is that it shows a thin figure with an expression of fear — the figure 's mouth is wide open,     2     (let) out a powerful scream. The figure covers his or her ears and looks directly at the viewer. This figure     3     (set) on a bridge above a dark, stormy sea, and against a burning orange —red sky.

3 . 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。

Finding and keeping friends is a skill that can take some time to develop.

From around the age of four, children develop an understanding that other people may have thoughts, interests and feelings that are different to theirs. This emerging capacity, known as Theory of Mind, helps children make friends, says Eileen Kennedy-Moore, a clinical psychologist. “They become better at imagining someone else’s perspective and this stimulates more intimate (亲密的) friendships.”

Children often have a practical view of friendship, forming close bonds with peers in the playground or classroom, says Kennedy-Moore. “It is a ‘love the one you’re with’ approach.”

“The thing that kids have as an advantage over adults is that they are in the room with 25 others in their stage of life,” she says. “In adulthood it takes thoughtful effort to find and develop friendships.” According to one study, adults must spend around 50 hours together to go from mere acquaintance (相识的人) to a casual friend, 90 hours together before they consider each other as friends, and more than 200 hours to become close friends who share an emotional connection.

Psychologists say best friendships can help children prepare for close relationships, including romantic ones, as they grow up.

“Best friendship is really like falling in love, “says Kennedy-Moore.

“Close friendships in childhood help kids practice the skills they need in intimate relationships throughout their lives. They learn about other people, and about themselves, to deal with feelings like envy, loneliness, and sadness.”

“If children don’t talk about friends at home, it doesn’t mean they don’t have any,” she says, adding that this may because they prefer a quieter style of interacting with others.

Parents can help their children in developing friendships by organizing fun meet-ups outside of school. “The formula is: watch then get involved.” says Kennedy-Moore. “Parents should teach their children to watch what other children are doing, then encourage them to slide into the action without interrupting.”

1. What capacity do children develop from about the age of four according to Kennedy-Moore?
2. What is the disadvantage for adults to develop friendships compared with children?
3. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Parents can support their children in forming friendships by organizing fun meet-ups outside of school and correcting them from time to time.
4. List some other ways you usually use to develop or maintain your friendship.(In about 40 words)

5 . 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号所给词的正确形式填空。

Have you ever thought about having another finger? Researchers at University College London have developed a robotic 3D-printed ‌“third thumb”. The thumb is worn on the side of the hand opposite the actual thumb. Volunteers     1     (wear) the third thumb could carry     2     (many) objects than usual, and hold and open a soft drink bottle with one hand. Also, human brains can adapt to the use of an extra thumb     3     (easy).

6 . 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号所给词的正确形式填空。

Two firefighters     1     (wait) in line at a fast-food restaurant when the siren (警报器) sounded on their fire engine outside. As they turned to leave, a couple who     2     (receive) their order a moment ago handed their food to the firefighters. The couple then got back in line to reorder.     3     (appreciate) their selfless act as a reward, the manager refused to take the couple’s money.

7 . 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。

A new study asks the question: Do conversations end when people want them to? The answer is no.

The study included two parts.

The first part was an online survey that asked 806 people whether there was a moment recently they had wanted to end a conversation with a close friend and to estimate when that moment was in relation to when the talk reached its conclusion. The second part involved 252 people paired up with strangers in a lab to chat about whatever they felt like for anywhere between one and 45 minutes.

67 percent of the respondents in the first part of the study said they wanted the conversation to end before it actually did, and most had secretly wished the chat had been either 50 percent longer or 50 percent shorter than it was.

“Whatever you think the other person wants, you may well be wrong,” says Adam Mastroianni, a psychology researcher at Harvard University and the study’s lead author. “So you might as well leave when it seems appropriate, because it’s better to be left wanting more than less.”

In the second part of the study, nearly 70 percent of the people reported wanting the conversation to be over before it ended. Just two percent of the conversations wrapped up at a time both people were happy with, and 30 percent of them ended when one of the parties wanted.

The researchers also asked study participants to guess when their conversational partners had wanted to stop talking. Those guesses were wrong, either over or underestimating the other person’s desire to continue the talk, by about 64 percent of the conversation’s actual length.

Taken together, the results suggest that we aren’t very skilled at estimating each others’ desires about when to end a conversation.

Thalia Wheatley, a social psychologist at Dartmouth College says the findings are important, adding that conversations are “an elegant expression of joint cooperation”. However, she says, “It all falls apart at the end because we just can’t figure out when to stop.”

Mastroianni says his takeaway is that trying to guess what someone you’re chatting with wants is almost pointless. “You really have no idea when the other person wants to go. So maybe, stop trying and just relax and enjoy the conversation.”

1. Where were the two parts of the study carried out?
2. In what way were the participants’ guesses wrong in the second part of the study?
3. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
It’s easy to find a proper time to end a conversation with a close friend.
4. If you desire to end a conversation, would you tell the other person directly? Why or why not? （In about 40 words）

8 . My name is Stella Young. I grew up in a very small country town in Victoria. I had a very normal, low-key kind of upbringing. I went to school; I hung out with my friends; I fought with my younger sisters. It was all very normal. And when I was 15, a member of my local community approached my parents and wanted to submit my name for a community achievement award. My parents said, “Hmm, that’s really nice, but there’s kind of one obvious problem with that. She hasn’t actually achieved anything.” And they were right. You know I went to school, I got good marks, and I had a very low-key after-school job in my mum’s hairdressing salon.

Years later, I was on my second teaching round in a Melbourne high school, and I was about 20 minutes into a year-11 Legal Studies class when a boy put up his hand and said, “Hey Miss, when are you going to start your speech?”

And I said, “What speech?”

And he said, “You know, like, your motivational speaking. You know, when people in wheelchairs come to school, they usually say, like, inspirational stuff. It’s usually in the big hall.”

And that was the moment I realized that this kid had only ever experienced disabled people as objects of inspiration.

For lots of us, disabled people are not our teachers or our doctors. We’re not real people. We are there to inspire. Yeah, we’ve been sold the lie that disability is a bad thing, and to live with a disability makes you exceptional.

It’s not a bad thing, and it doesn’t make you exceptional. And in the past few years, we’ve been able to spread this lie even further through social media.

Life as a disabled person is actually somewhat difficult. We do overcome some things. But they have nothing to do with our bodies. I use the term “disabled people” purposely, because I subscribe to what’s called the social model of disability. This model tells us that we are more disabled by the society that we live in than by our bodies and our diagnoses（诊断）.

I want to live in a world where we don’t have such low expectations of disabled people that we are congratulated for getting out of bed and remembering our own names in the morning. I want to live in a world where we value disabled people’s real achievement. And I want to live in a world where a year-11 kid in a Melbourne high school is not one bit surprised that his new teacher is a wheelchair user.

1. What can we learn from Stella Young in the first paragraph?

A．She couldn’t get along well with her friends and sisters.

B．She played a key role at her mum’s hairdressing salon.

C．She received an award for a great achievement.

D．She lived an ordinary life in a country town.

2. What can we infer from the dialogue between Stella Young and the boy?

A．The boy didn’t have much life experience.

B．People have fixed ideas about the disabled.

C．The disabled can’t find decent jobs because they are incapable.

D．Stella Young felt uncomfortable because of the boy’s impoliteness.

3. According to the passage, Stella Young may agree that ______.

A．social media offends the public by spreading lies about the disabled

B．the disabled are less likely to be successful in their careers

C．society’s attitude makes disabled people’s life difficult

D．people’s expectations of the disabled are too high

4. Which would be the best title for this passage?

A．On the journey to becoming exceptional	B．The secret behind my disability
C．Show sympathy to the disabled	D．I’m not your inspiration

9 . 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

Once upon a time, lighthouses, built to help guide ships away from dangerous rocks and reefs,     1    （locate）in wild, remote areas. They were considered     2    （lonely）places in the world to live and work. Today, with automatic lighting that can guide ships at sea, the lighthouse is a thing of the past. Still, many lighthouses throughout the world have been preserved     3     museums or important buildings. Some have even been turned into restaurants or hotels. They are places for people to visit and to go back in time.

10 . 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

Since last month, more than half of America’s school districts     1    (report) “severe” or “desperate” school bus driver shortages. Suffering like this makes them thankful for people like Michael Mason. Driving a school bus isn’t Michael Mason’s first job; he used to work for the government. But unlike many retirees, Mason is not sitting home and relaxing.     2    (lend) a helping hand, he started a new job—a bus driver. Mason hopes to inspire others in the community. He says, “I believe if all of us give a little something, we     3    (make) a difference in the world.”