1 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

As artificial intelligence products steadily improve at pretending to be human, people will increasingly be put in the unsettling situation of not knowing     1     they are talking to a machine. But the     2     (true) may make such products less effective: recent research finds a trade-off between transparency and cooperation in human-computer interactions.

The study used a game in     3     paired players made a series of     4     (decision) to cooperate with betray their partner. In     5     long run, it pays for both to keep cooperating. But there is always the desire     6    (earn) extra points at the partner’s expense. Previous work suggested people tended to distrust machines, so the scientists hoped people     7     (play) with a known robot would recognize its ability to cooperate and would     8     (eventual) get past their distrust.

“Sadly, we failed at this goal,” says Talal Rahwan, a senior author on the paper,     9     (publish) last November in Nature Machine Intelligence. “A robot was     10     (likely) to obtain cooperation than another human, even though its strategy was clearly more beneficial to both players.”

It seems that there is a long way to go before trust in robots is established.

2 . Which of your children is your favorite? Your response is probably “none of them.” What kind of parent would choose one child as his or her favorite? The truth might be surprising to you.

Years of research supports what many have suspected-most parents have a favorite child. Studies have explored reasons from birth order to gender (性别) and shared interests. Yet even with years of research that supports this idea, most parents tend to deny the fact that they have a favorite child. Even if there is no obvious parental favorite among siblings (兄弟姐妹), studies have shown that children often feel preferential treatment of their sibling by their parents. Favoritism often results in family conflicts and feelings of sadness among family members whether parents’ favoritism is real or only felt. Thus both the kids and their parents tend to be plagued by the favoritism.

The question isn’t whether or not you have a favorite child, since it’s pretty clear that many parents do. Typically, favoritism has little to do with loving one child more. It is more about how your personality resonates (产生共鸣) with one child’s personality more than the others’. Essentially, it’s a question of “like”. Still, why is it so hard for us to admit that one of our children might be our favorite? Some parents might worry about harming their children emotionally or psychologically. Some parents confuse liking one child’s personality with the love they show to each child. However, when recognizing that you might hold preferential feelings towards one child you are taking an important step towards creating a better relationship with all of your children.

Instead of denying the fact, you can reflect on how you relate to each of your children. Examining your feelings towards each of your children can provide a greater insight into your own personality and how you function in relationships -- and in fact, how you consider your children might reflect more about your thoughts and feelings of yourself than them. Increased awareness about your inner world can help you build and keep healthier relationships with your children.

1. How do most parents respond to the result of the research?

A．They’re quite concerned about it.	B．They’re unwilling to admit it.
C．They’re sensitive to it.	D．They’re regretful about it.

2. What does the underlined word “plagued” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?

A．Encouraged.

B．Troubled.

C．Separated.

D．Confused.

3. According to the passage, why do parents have a favorite child?

A．Because the child is worth more love.

B．Because the child has a good personality.

C．Because the child has more in common with them.

D．Because the child knows how to please them

4. What would be the best title for the passage?

A．Is it OK to have a favorite child?

B．What kind of kids do parents prefer?

C．How can parents get along well with children?

D．Why do parents treat their kids differently?

3 . 听下面一段独白,回答以下小题。
1. Which name isn’t Anglo Saxon in origin?

A．Edgar.

B．Oswald.

C．Robert.

2. Where does the name Charles come from?

A．German.

B．French.

C．Greek.

3. What does the name Philip mean?

A．Twin.

B．Home ruler.

C．Friend of horses.

4 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. Why didn’t the woman open the present when she received it?

A．She didn’t like it.

B．She thought that it would be impolite.

C．Her host family told her not to do that.

2. What do we know about the woman?

A．She is a little shy.

B．She has been in America for years.

C．She knows very little about American customs.

3. What does the man tell the woman to do?

A．Send her host family a thank-you letter.

B．Send her host family a present.

C．Give back the present to her host family.

5 . A team of researchers from the Universities of Washington and Toronto have developed an app, FeverPhone, suitable for diagnosing (诊断) a patient’s fever.

“As an undergraduate, I was doing research in a lab where we showed that you could use the temperature sensor in a smartphone to measure air temperature,” says lead author Joseph Breda. “When I came to the UW, my adviser and I wondered how we could apply a similar technique for health. We decided to measure fever in an accessible way. The primary concern with temperature isn’t that it’s a difficult signal to measure; it’s just that people don’t have thermometers (体温计).”

“In a wave of flu, for instance, people running to the emergency room can take a week sometimes. So if people were to share fever results with public health agencies through the app, this earlier sign could help us take action sooner,” adds Mastafa Springston, co-author of the study.

The trick is to use the temperature sensor already present in a smartphone. A patient holds the smartphone’s display against their forehead for 90 seconds, and the rise in temperature is compared against the surrounding temperature to determine their core body temperature — using a machine learning model trained on a number of test cases to calibrate the results.

It may sound like a crazy approach, but in testing, the FeverPhone app was able to estimate the core body temperature of 37 patients in a real emergency department with an average error of 0.23℃ — around half the 0.5℃ error range required for clinical use.

“We started with smartphones since they’re easy to get data from,” Breda says. “I am already working on seeing if we can get a similar signal with wearables like smartwatches. What’s nice, because watches are much smaller, is their temperature will change more quickly. So you could imagine having a user put a Fitbit to their forehead and measure in 10 seconds whether they have a fever or not.”

1. What inspired Breda to develop FeverPhone?

A．His adviser’s suggestion.	B．His previous research success.
C．His past experience in the UW.	D．His concerns about air temperature.

2. What does the underlined word “calibrate” in paragraph 4 probably mean?

A．Access.

B．Repeat.

C．Doubt.

D．Adjust.

3. What did the testing show about FeverPhone?

A．It was effective in measuring body temperature.	B．It was hardly suitable in a real emergency.
C．It was more useful than a real thermometer.	D．It was no more than a crazy solution.

4. Which is the most suitable title for the text?

A．FeverPhone can save you from hospital visits

B．Your smartphone can become a thermometer

C．Wearables provide a quicker temperature reading

D．The temperature sensor is present in a thermometer

6 . Gene Work and his brother-in-law, Mark Rouco, were putting sod (草皮) on Gene’s yard. In the burning heat of the sun, they were soon covered in sweat and feeling a strong sense of_________. Gene fell onto the ground with a(n) _________ expression on his face. His wife Melissa Work was worried sick and _________ to call 911.

Even though he was close to death, Gene still _________ he sod. If it wasn’t put down that day, it would die. “While he was_________pain, he kept _________ me to have it put down because he didn’t want it to be_________.” Melissa wrote in a Facebook post.

Rouco was left behind to deal with the yard. An hour passed and _________ he noticed those EMTs (急救人员) showed up again. Gene had told them how badly he’d wanted to get the sod down, so they_________. With their help, the work was finally __________in under two hours.

At the same time, Gene got the __________ in time thanks to those EMTs’ quick actions.

The Works are still __________that those EMTs went above and beyond their __________. “These men,” Melissa said, “saved Gene’s__________, and then came back to save his grass. That’s just so__________.”

1.

A．achievement

B．tiredness

C．satisfaction

D．impatience

2.

A．frightened

B．surprised

C．anxious

D．pained

3.

A．forgot

B．agreed

C．pretended

D．rushed

4.

A．remembered

B．hated

C．recognised

D．needed

5.

A．causing

B．killing

C．getting

D．experiencing

6.

A．asking

B．ordering

C．forcing

D．teaching

7.

A．saved

B．used

C．wasted

D．kept

8.

A．unexpectedly

B．unnecessarily

C．unluckily

D．unreasonably

9.

A．stayed

B．returned

C．quitted

D．waited

10.

A．stopped

B．completed

C．continued

D．started

11.

A．message

B．arrangement

C．treatment

D．solution

12.

A．annoyed

B．amazed

C．confused

D．worried

13.

A．will

B．determination

C．responsibility

D．ability

14.

A．time

B．face

C．money

D．life

15.

A．admirable

B．crazy

C．strange

D．wise

7 . 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
1. What does the man need help with?

A．The planting.

B．The harvest.

C．The building.

2. What did the owner of the horse agree to do?

A．Give the man a discount.

B．Let the man try out the animal.

C．Give the man the best horse.

3. What happened in the end?

A．The man sent the horse back.

B．The man began to like the horse.

C．The man got the horse as a gift.

8 . It is challenging to teach children about seasonal foods in a modern-day grocery store (杂货店). Having lots of choices of fresh produce from all around the world means that a sense of the seasons is lost. That’s why I like being part of a Community Supported Agriculture (CSA) program. Every week I receive a share of vegetables that comes from a nearby farm. I do not know ahead of time what I’m getting, nor do I have any say on what comes home; I take whatever was harvested earlier that same day, based on the week’s weather conditions, and use them to the best of my ability.

My kids have had a good knowledge of the supply of certain vegetables throughout the harvesting season. They know what it’s like to eat a lot of asparagus (芦笋) until they’re sick of it, only to move on to dark greens and leafy salads, then eggplants, and tomatoes, and finally the root vegetables that mark the arrival of cold weather.

The funny thing is, when you’ve eaten a ton of something for a few weeks, you’re ready to move on to the next crop (作物) and leave the other behind, but when its time comes the following year, the expectation will return. In this way, a CSA share creates excitement at vegetables that can’t be felt when everything can be bought all the time, as it is in a grocery store.

A farmers’ market can offer similar lessons in seasonality to a CSA, but it differs in that you have more choices about what you buy. A CSA share, however, only offers few kinds of vegetables and sometimes fruits, forcing you to work out ways of using them up. I enjoy this challenge because it tests my cooking skills and introduces my family to new and unusual vegetables. What’s more, it is glad to know I’m supporting local farmers by eating what they want to grow, not just what I’m used to eating.

1. What is special about the vegetables offered by the CSA program?

A．They are free.

B．They are cheap.

C．They can’t be found in local grocery stores.

D．They make the author full of expectations.

2. What does the author think of the CSA share?

A．It provides enough supply of vegetables.

B．It makes people choose vegetables freely.

C．It keeps people’s excitement for vegetables.

D．It makes people become sick of eating vegetables.

3. What does the author say about the program in the last paragraph?

A．It encourages him to support local farmers.

B．It helps him learn about the community.

C．It gives people more choices of foods.

D．It causes local farmers a lot of stress.

4. What is the best title for the text?

A．Local food is becoming more popular

B．The CSA program is making a difference

C．People are encouraged to experience farm life

D．Naturally grown food improves people’s health

9 . When I left my job as a psychologist and went on a round-the-world trip, I was hoping to become a different version of myself. But I was soon ______. Away from the familiar life, I felt lonely and miserable despite visiting ______ beautiful places. And somehow, in the quick ______ for the trip, I’d forgotten that the thing you don’t choose to bring, but can’t ______ , is yourself.

However, as the weeks went on, something started to ______. It was during a stay on an island in Thailand, when a woman I’d encountered previously approached me and asked if I was ______ to join them for dinner that evening. I ______. At the meal she told us six women that it was her birthday and, as she was travelling alone, she’d decided to celebrate by ______ a group of women she’d enjoyed meeting during the week. While listening to their stories, I felt genuinely ______ by the honesty of these ______ , and was surprised, too, by the ______ with which I felt able to share things about myself.

At the end of the evening, we ______. Till now, none of us have seen each other again. I don’t remember their names, but I do remember the magic of that ______. For all of us, the anonymity (匿名) was liberating; we had no ______ past or future and, as a consequence, we could talk freely without any ______.

1.

A．relieved

B．convinced

C．disappointed

D．threatened

2.

A．heart-breakingly

B．eye-wateringly

C．hair-raisingly

D．time-consumingly

3.

A．applying

B．searching

C．packing

D．shopping

4.

A．go about

B．take over

C．tell off

D．leave behind

5.

A．shift

B．spread

C．erupt

D．decline

6.

A．hesitant

B．determined

C．afraid

D．available

7.

A．apologized

B．agreed

C．continued

D．cooperated

8.

A．gathering

B．interviewing

C．following

D．witnessing

9.

A．embarrassed

B．satisfied

C．moved

D．annoyed

10.

A．pioneers

B．clients

C．relatives

D．strangers

11.

A．accuracy

B．ease

C．guidance

D．authority

12.

A．drew conclusions

B．parted company

C．made comparisons

D．shouldered responsibility

13.

A．connection

B．theory

C．commitment

D．loneliness

14.

A．delighted

B．additional

C．changed

D．shared

15.

A．emotions

B．instructions

C．concerns

D．movements

10 . Paris is full of cultural significance. Yet, despite its wealth of cultural hotspots and architectural delights, some tourists who explore the City of Light experience “Paris syndrome (巴黎综合征), a psychological condition that often results in nausea (恶心) and increased heart rates. An interesting phenomenon is that Paris syndrome is “most common among Japanese tourists”. Why?

Many Japanese visitors go with a deeply romantic picture of Paris----the beauty of French women, the high culture and art. But when the reality of the modern city of Paris sets in, with its seemingly unfriendly service and confusing public transport, some tourists simply find their hope falling through.

“An encounter with a Parisian waiter who shouts at customers might be laughed off by those from other Western cultures. But for the Japanese —used to a society where politeness is valued and voices are rarely raised in anger-----the experience of their dream city turning into a nightmare (噩梦) can simply be too much,” said Rodanthi Tzanelli, a professor of cultural sociology.

So Paris syndrome should be regarded as an extreme form of culture shock, which is an illness resulting from the loss of meaning when people find themselves in a different symbolic reality, according to Rachel Irwin, a senior researcher. The symptoms (症状) associated with culture shock are similar to those experienced by someone who is feeling anxious. According to the analysis (分析) of Calm Clinic, a mental health resource platform, when someone is experiencing anxiety, signals that are related to the fight or flight response will be sent to the stomach. The signals change the way the body processes food, causing nausea.

Besides, Tzanelli points out that the syndrome is not specific to Paris and nobody can be free of culture shock as long as they go to new places. The syndrome is likely a “general phenomenon”, as younger generations tend to travel to different countries, and are likely to be more aware of what they’ll encounter at a destination. Therefore, they’re unlikely to be bitterly disappointed when they’re there.

1. Why do Japanese tourists experience great discomfort in Paris?

A．Paris lacks real historical and cultural hotspots.

B．Paris fails to meet their romantic expectations.

C．They find Paris’ public transport less modern.

D．They cannot adapt to the local climate.

2. What does Rodanthi Tzanelli aim to explain in paragraph 3?

A．How culture influences the behavior of tourists.

B．How Japanese tourists react to Paris syndrome.

C．Why Paris syndrome particularly strikes the Japanese.

D．Why the Japanese value politeness and avoid conflicts.

3. What does Calm Clinic’s analysis stress?

A．People’s inability to adapt to new cultures.

B．The methods of overcoming culture shock.

C．People’s varied attitudes to different cultures.

D．The physical discomfort caused by culture shock.

4. What will be the author’s advice on overcoming Paris syndrome?

A．To be prepared for new encounters in advance.

B．To focus on the positive aspects of a destination.

C．To visit new places together with young people.

D．To avoid going to unfamiliar destinations.