1 . John Von Neumann was the oldest of 3 children of a banker, and his speed of learning new ideas and of solving problems stood out early. At 17, his father tried to persuade him not to become a mathematician because he may lead a poor life being a mathematician, and so Von Neumann agreed to study chemistry as well. In 1926, at 23, he received a degree in chemical engineering and a Ph.D. in mathematics. From then on, mathematics provided well enough for him, and he never had to turn to chemistry.
In 1930, Von Neumann visited Princeton University for a year and then became a professor there. His first book was published in 1932. In 1933, the Institute for Advanced Study was formed, and he became one of the 6 full-time people in the School of Mathematics (Einstein was one of the others).
World War II hugely changed Von Neumann’s areas of interest. Until 1940 he had been a great pure (纯粹的) mathematician. During and after the war, he became one of the best mathematicians who put mathematics theories into practice. During the last part of the war he became interested in computing machines and made several fundamental contributions. After the war, Von Neumann continued his work with computers, and was generally very active in government service. He received many awards, was president of the American Mathematical Society and was a member of the Atomic Energy Commission. He died in 1957 of cancer.
Von Neumann made several great contributions and any one of them would have been enough to earn him a firm place in history. He will be remembered as one of the greatest minds of the 20th century.
Von Neumann really was a legend (传奇) in his own time, and there are a number of stories about him. His driving ability is a part of this legend. He reported one accident this way: “I was driving down the road. The trees on the right were passing me in an orderly fashion at 60 miles per hour. Suddenly one of them stepped in my path.”
1. According to the text, Von Neumann’s father believed that ________.| A．a mathematician couldn’t earn a lot of money |
| B．a mathematician needed a good memory |
| C．Von Neumann had the ability to learn two subjects at the same time |
| D．Von Neumann had a gift for solving problems at a high speed |
| A．23 | B．26 | C．29 | D．32 |
| A．He realized the importance of engineering. |
| B．He began to research how to put mathematics into practice. |
| C．He left college and served at the government department. |
| D．He lost interest in chemistry. |
| A．calm | B．brave | C．intelligent | D．humorous |
2 . Most of us know something about the Nobel Prizes, especially the Nobel Peace Prize, but few of us know anything about the man who set them up. His name was Alfred Nobel. He was a great scientist and inventor himself. Besides, he had a big business. His business may surprise you. He made and sold explosives (炸药). His companies even made and sold weapons (武器). Isn’t this something that surprises you? The man who made money from weapons should set up the Nobel Peace Prize?
Though Alfred Nobel had a lot of money from weapons, he hated war. He hoped that there would be no war in the world. He was one of the richest in Europe. When he died in 1896, he left behind him a lot of money and his famous will (遗嘱). According to his will, most of his money was placed in a fund. He wanted the interest from the fund to be used as prizes every year. We know them as the Nobel Prizes. The Nobel Prizes are international. Alfred Nobel wanted the winners to be chosen for their work, not the country they came from.
Alfred Nobel had given his whole life to his studies and work and to the benefits of mankind. He made money all by his own efforts, but he left the world share his wealth. His inventions and wealth stay with the world forever.
1. Alfred’s business was ________.| A．making and selling explosives |
| B．not making and selling explosives |
| C．making explosives and selling weapons |
| D．making weapons and selling explosives |
| A．he hated weapons |
| B．he made enough money |
| C．he liked to live in a peaceful world |
| D．he wanted to get more interest from the fund |
| A．all Nobel’s money in the fund | B．all Nobel’s money in his company |
| C．some of the interest in the fund | D．all the interest from the fund |
| A．interesting | B．unselfish | C．kind-hearted | D．richest |
| A．发明 | B．发明家 | C．玩家 | D．创造 |
1. 这位科学家是谁；
2. 你崇拜他/她的原因；
3. 你从他/她身上学到了什么。
注意：1.词数 100 左右;
2．可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
Dear friends,
I’m glad to be here to make a speech.
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Tuan was a farmer in Vietnam. For decades, he had been struggling to rid his family
One day, when skimming through a newspaper, Tuan read a comment on Yuan Longping. He underlined Yuan’s nationality and occupation, and then
The next year, Tuan was sunburnt but satisfied with
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线 (\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Tu Youyou, a famous female chemist and scientist, was been born in Zhejiang Province in 1930.
In 1951, she was admitted by Beijing University, majoring in making medicine and graduating in 1955. Since then, she has been devoted to study traditional Chinese medicine and modern western medicine. In 1972, she succeeded in discovering and developing Qinghaosu out of a Chinese herb cure those patients of malaria, for what she won many big awards. She is awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine on October 5th, 2015, becoming the first Chinese women scientist to win the Nobel Prize.
All of us Chinese are proudly of her and her achievements. She has indeed set the excellent example to us students.
“Father of hybrid rice” Yuan Longping
In 1949, Yuan applied for Southwest Agricultural College and began his special
Now the focus of Yuan's hybrid rice project
Let's remember the great man.
President Xi Jinping signed a presidential order on Tuesday to award four people national medals and honorary titles for their outstanding contributions
Zhong Nanshan, 84,
Zhong also has long been devoted to the research, prevention and
8 . Isaac Newton is one of the greatest geniuses in history, though in his younger years, nobody would have guessed that he would grow up to become one of the world’s most brilliant minds.
He was born prematurely (早产) and quite small. He hated his step family. He went to a school that did not teach mathematics, and then later he was removed. His mother was widowed twice. She urged him to become a farmer, and he hated that too. He was a working student in college, doing odd jobs to pay for his education. And he graduated from Cambridge without honors.
He didn’t look outstanding at all, and neither was his story. But his mind saw more complex, and fascinating stories in the concepts of mathematics and physics. His plain life did not bother him at all.
Though he went through his Cambridge years with barely any honors, the inside of his study was found to have some of the most groundbreaking discoveries in physics and mathematics. He went on to discover many of his famous theories, including the generalized binomial theorem, power series, and infinite sums. He also observed the way light is refracted ( 折 射 ) by lenses and developed his own Newtonian telescope. Through his discovery of the Laws of Universal Gravitation and Laws of Motion, the field of physics was forever transformed.
If there was anything constant about the life of Isaac Newton, it wasn’t merely that his brain was large，but that it was continuously filled with wonder. Isaac Newton’s life was brilliant, not because of his wondrous adventures, but because he saw wonder in everything- from the minute details of mathematical philosophy, to how the world works. Truly, there is nothing boring or ordinary about a mind that seeks adventure in all things.
1. Which word can describe Issac Newton as a young man?| A．Ordinary. | B．Diligent. | C．Happy. | D．Intelligent. |
| A．His life experience was extraordinary. | B．He had a gift for math and physics. |
| C．He was good at making up stories. | D．He didn’t care about his grades at school. |
| A．Newton’s life was full of adventures. |
| B．Nothing Is impossible to a willing heart. |
| C．A brain good at discovery is never boring. |
| D．Newton had a brain larger than any other’s. |
| A．The Achievements of Isaac Newton |
| B．The Brilliant Life of Isaac Newton |
| C．Interest Is the Best Secret of Success |
| D．Hard Work Makes up for Lack of Intelligence |
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Seeing there were so many farmers struggled to feed themselves, the scientist decide to devote his life to helping keep the world free of hunger. Since then, he has been leading happy life, though many people can’t understand his behavior.
He always works on the farm, chatting with the farmer, which it can account of his sunburnt face. He as well as his team was awarding many honors. Besides, they are not satisfying with the present achievements. They hold the belief which the more they devote, the few pepole go hungry.
