1 . What are scientists?They are often described as gray-haired white-coated dull scholars.
But the world has changed.Young scientists are making their voices heard and releasing their powers on the world stage.
This is also true in China.Rising stars include new materials expert Gong Yongji,university professor Liu Mingzhen,and biologist Wan Ruixue.At the age of 28 in 2018,Wan Ruixue received the 2018 Science & SciLifeLab Prize for Young Scientists.This is a global prize to reward outstanding scientists at an early stage of their careers.
She focuses mainly on biomedicine (生物医学) and artificial intelligence.“Both are cutting-edge (前沿) technologies at an early stage of development,” she said.
“So,I think they have great potential to be developed.I think in the study of cutting-edge technologies,China and other leading countries in the world are standing on the same starting line.And in the study of structural biology,China is likely to become the leader.”
She felt it was her fate to become a biologist.“I grew interested in the natural world,when I was very young,” she said.In 2009,she entered Sun Yat-sen University.
In her third year at the university,she realized that she wanted to do something related to biomedicine.So she emailed China’s top biologist Shi Yigong,hoping to join his lab at Tsinghua University.
Shi recognised her talent and welcomed her.Years of efforts at the lab have paid off.Her research on the high-definition 3D structure of spliceosome led to a scientific breakthrough.
Unlike many of other young scientists who choose to pursue further study abroad,Wan currently has no plan to go overseas.
“The whole ecosystem for scientific research is continually improving in China,” she said,adding that the country has great science facilities.
1. What does the underlined word “releasing” in paragraph 2 mean?| A．Giving out. | B．Getting over. |
| C．Finding out. | D．Taking over. |
| A．Anxious. | B．Confident. |
| C．Disappointed. | D．Satisfied. |
| A．Her teacher led her into the field. |
| B．She finds it’s easier than she thought. |
| C．Her contribution has been recognised. |
| D．She thinks it’s boring but worth trying. |
| A．China’s Breakthrough in Science |
| B．Rising Young Scientists in China |
| C．Wan Ruixue:A Successful Young Scientist |
| D．New Image of Chinese Scientists |
2 . Donna Strickland was awarded the 2018 Nobel Prize in Physics jointly with Arthur Ashkin and Gérard Mourou.It’s the first time in 55 years that a woman has won this famous prize, but why has it taken so long? We look at five other pioneering female physicists — past and present — who actually deserve the prize.
Jocelyn Bell Burnell
Perhaps the most famous snub (冷落): the student Bell discovered the first radio pulsars in 1967, when she was a PhD student at Cambridge.The Nobel Prize that recognised this landmark discovery in 1974, however, went to her male supervisor, Antony Hewish.Recently awarded a £2.3 million Breakthrough Prize, which she gave away to help under-represented students, she joked to The Guardian, “I feel I’ve done very well out of not getting a Nobel Prize.”
Lene Hau
Hau is best-known for leading the research team at Harvard University in 1999 that managed to slow a beam of light, before managing to stop it completely in 2001.Often topping Nobel Prize prediction lists, could 2019 be Hau’s year.
Vera Rubin
Rubin discovered dark matter in the 1980s, opening up a new field of astronomy.She died in 2016, without recognition from the committee.
Chien-Shiung Wu
Wu’s “Wu experiment” helped disprove the “law of conservation of parity”.Her experimental work was helpful but never honoured, and instead, her male colleagues won the 1957 Nobel Prize for their theoretical work behind the study.
Lise Meitner
Meitner led groundbreaking work on the discovery of nuclear fission.However, the discovery was acknowledged by the 1944 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, which was won by her male co-lead, Otto Hahn.
1. When was the discovery of radio pulsars recognised by the Nobel?| A．In 1944． | B．In 1967． | C．In 1974． | D．In 1980． |
| A．Donna Strickland. | B．Jocelyn Bell Burnell. |
| C．Lene Hau. | D．Vera Rubin. |
| A．The five female scientists did greatly in chemistry. |
| B．Vera Rubin had opened up a new field in geometry. |
| C．Lise Meitner’s teacher won a Nobel Prize for her work. |
| D．The five female scientists haven’t been awarded Nobel Prize. |
Dr. Nancy Foster was a great marine (海洋) leader,
She served as Acting Assistant Administrator from January to October 1993, and worked for the National Ocean Service from 1998 until her surprising
4 . The Theory of Everything is not only about Inspiring Stephen Hawking but also his ex-wife Jane, an impressive woman in her own right. In fact, Anthony McCarten’s screenplay is based on Jane’s book, Music to Move the Stars.
This is one of the best biographies (传记) I’ve seen in a long time.
The raw (原始的) material of this story so powerful that it greatly excites my Interest. Director James Marsh (who won an Oscar for his unconventional documentary Man on Wire), screenwriter Anthony McCarten, and the Actors go above and beyond the norm.
For once, I wasn’t aware of time going by. The film held my attention completely.
| A．Everything about the film, as follows, is first-class |
| B．He tries to push her away but she refuses to back off |
| C．Eddie captures Stephen’s innate charm and clever humour |
| D．After the lights came up, a nurse wiped a tear from Hawking’s eye |
| E．The film was made with the cooperation of both parties and their three children |
| F．His first question when his doctor describes the disease is how it will affect his mind |
| G．It presents us with a public figure whose private life and struggles make for an attractive story |
President Xi Jinping signed a presidential order on Tuesday to award four people national medals and honorary titles for their outstanding contributions
Zhong Nanshan,84,
Zhong also has long been devoted to the research ,prevention and
6 . Throughout history there have been many great women who have contributed to the various fields of science. They have won huge achievements, made important discoveries and done key research that has worked to advance civilization as a whole. Below are some of the world’s most famous female scientists along with descriptions of what made their work so important.
| Marie Curie (1867-1934) Nationality: Polish Known For: Work on radioactivity Marie Curie was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize and the only woman to win this award in two categories: Physics and Chemistry. She discovered polonium and radium and her work helped with the creation of X-rays. | Lise Meitner (1878-1968) Nationality: Austrian Known For: Work on radioactivity and nuclear physics Lise Meitner was a key member of a group that discovered nuclear fission. One of her colleagues, Otto Hahn, was given the Noble Prize for this work and Meitner’s loss of the award is considered to be a huge error by the Nobel committee. |
| Chien-Shiung Wu (1912-1997) Nationality: Chinese American Known For: Work with experimental physics and radioactivity Chien-Shiung Wu is known for her work on the Manhattan Project and her help with finding the process for separating uranium into U-238 and U-235. She has several nicknames including the “Chinese Maria Curie” and the “First Lady of Physics.” | Jane Goodall (1934-present) Nationality: British Known For: Primate studies Jane Goodall is known world-wide for her groundbreaking studies on primates. She is considered the top expert on chimpanzees in the world and is perhaps best known for her 45 year study on the social lives of these smart creatures in Tanzania. |
1. Whose work has been recognized with a Noble Prize praise according to the passage?
| A．Lise Meitner. | B．Marie Curie. |
| C．Chien-Shiung Wu. | D．Jane Goodall. |
| A．Marie Curie. | B．Chien-Shiung Wu. |
| C．Jane Goodall. | D．Lise Meitner. |
| A．Great female. | B．Work on radioactivity. |
| C．Nationality. | D．The Noble Prize. |
| 时间 | 2020年9月8日 |
| 人物 | 钟南山(Zhong Nanshan) |
| 事件 | 荣获“共和国勋章” (the Medal of the Republic) |
| 先进事迹 | 2003年抗击非典型性肺炎(SARS)，2020 年抗击新冠病毒肺炎(COVID-19) |
| 社会反响 | ………… |
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
8 . Genghis Khan（成吉思汗）remains to this day one of the most successful men to have walked the Earth. Rising from an outcast to be the ruler of the largest land empire to have ever existed, he introduced an alphabet and an official form of money, united a kingdom of tribes at war with each other, and conquered most of the known world. His empire spread from Poland to Japan. It is estimated that one in every 200 men on the planet today is related to Genghis Khan. But there are no accounts of the events that surrounded his death and burial; only a mystery focused around an area known as the Forbidden Zone.
From the time of the Khan's death in 1227 up until 1991 the Forbidden Zone was as off-limits as any place in the world. Shortly after he died, the surviving Mongol leaders ordered a group of 50 fierce families, known as the Uryangqai of the Woods, to occupy this land and kill anyone who entered without permission.
They made exceptions only for the funeral processions（队伍）of the Khan's direct descendants, who were also allowed to be buried there. This extreme degree of secrecy has led many to the conclusion that the body of Genghis Khan himself lies in a tomb somewhere in this zone, along with some of the treasures of an empire vaster than those of Napoleon and Alexander the Great combined. When the U.S.S. R.（前苏联）took over Mongolia in 1924; they killed all the Uryangqai of the Woods just as they tried to erase the memory of the great Khan. The Forbidden Zone -still remained off-limits, however. It wasn't until the fall of the U.S.S.R. in 1991 that entering the Forbidden Zone became possible for scientists and historians. Even today, eight centuries after it quietly rested, the Forbidden Zone has been visited by very few.
1. Which of the following statements about Genghis Khan is TRUE?| A．He was the ruler of the largest empire in history. |
| B．He united and occupied many parts of the world. |
| C．An exact number of 200 people are related to him today. |
| D．He was buried in what is known as the Forbidden Zone. |
| A．They buried Genghis Khan's body in secret. |
| B．They were ordered to occupy the Forbidden Zone. |
| C．They were killed because they hated Genghis Khan. |
| D．They forbade everyone from entering the Forbidden Zone. |
| A．Who visited the Forbidden Zone. |
| B．When the Forbidden Zone was discovered. |
| C．Why the U.S.S.R. killed all the Uryangqai. |
| D．How the great Khan conquered the known world. |
| A．Genghis Khan, a Great Emperor |
| B．The Forbidden Zone, a Remaining Mystery |
| C．The Discovery of Genghis Khan's Tomb |
| D．The Bravery of the Uryangqai of the Woods |
China held a meeting
The Medal of the Republic was conferred on a famous respiratory disease expert Zhong Nanshan. The
"I would like to
10 . Say the phrase “female environmental pioneers,” and among the names you will hear are Rachel Carson, who wrote pesticides; chimpanzee expert Jane Goodall; and 17-year-old climate-change activist Greta Thunberg. To mark Women’s History Month, Kidspost is sharing the story of an environmental pioneer who is not that famous but equally remarkable.
At age 3, Sylvia Earle found her lifelong passion while playing on a beach. A wave suddenly came up and knocked her over.
“My mother ... saw the big smile on my face and let me run back in,” Earle told a TV interviewer years later. “And I’ve been running back in ever since.”
Earle is now 84 years old and has spent a lifetime exploring the world’s oceans and working to protect them from pollution, overfishing and other threats.
She is a pioneer in using scuba gear. Scuba gear lets divers take breath underwater. She holds the world record for the deepest untethered walk on the ocean floor at 1,250 feet. This means she was not tied to anything when she was walking underwater. During this exploration, she planted a U.S. flag.
In 1998, Time magazine gave Earle its first Heroes for the Planet award. She was the first female chief scientist at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). It is the U.S. ocean and atmosphere group. She was also elected to the National Women’s Hall of Fame.
Earle has spent her life teaching people about the ocean. She notes how much it affects the weather, and what we eat and drink. She has something to say to those who don’t understand why the ocean matters. “They should know that with every breath they take, every drop of water they drink, the ocean is touching them,” Earle says. “You should treat the ocean as if your life depends on it— because it does.”
1. What does Earle’s lifelong passion refer to?| A．Teaching people how to dive. | B．Writing articles for magazines. |
| C．Exploring and protecting oceans. | D．Providing equipment for divers. |
| A．Earle is a world record holder. |
| B．Earle’s mother is in support of her work. |
| C．Earle is a remarkable British ocean explorer. |
| D．Earle is the only female chief scientist at NOAA. |
| A．brave and conservative. | B．devoted and courageous. |
| C．determined and rigid. | D．ambitious and modest. |
| A．People should stop overfishing and eating seafood. |
| B．The ocean plays a significant role in human’s life. |
| C．The weather has a far-reaching effect on the ocean. |
| D．The exploration of the ocean can be done without limit. |
