地理位置:广东省中部
面积:约7500平方公里
历史:2200年;海上丝绸之路起点
人口:约1000万
气候:年平均气温20℃~22℃
美誉:花城;多元化城市
词汇提示:海上丝绸之路: the Maritime Silk Road 多元化:multicultural(adj.)
注意:可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
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Considering our limited knowledge, it's not surprising that exploration of the oceans constantly brings about discoveries in various
First, many archaeological finds are made in shallow waters, including whole cities
Amazing biological discoveries are also being made, like the barreleye living 6,000 meters below the ocean's surface. Such discoveries enable us
Additionally, so far more new natural resources such as fire ice
Humankind is entering a new age of oceanic discovery. Oceans will be as familiar
3 . Not all bodies of water are as evidently alive as the Atlantic Ocean, an S-shaped body of water covering 33 million square miles. The Atlantic has, in a sense, replaced the Mediterranean as the inland sea of Western civilization. Unlike real inland seas, which seem strangely still, the Atlantic is rich in oceanic liveliness. It is perhaps not surprising that its vitality(生命力) has been much written about by ancient poets.
“Storm at Sea”, a short poem written around 700, is generally regarded as one of mankind’s earliest artistic representations of the Atlantic.
When the wind is from the west
All the waves that cannot rest
To the east must thunder on
Where the bright tree of the sun
Is rooted in the ocean’s breast.
As the poem suggests, the Atlantic is never dead and dull. It is an ocean that moves, impressively and endlessly. It makes all kinds of noise—it is forever thundering, boiling, crashing, and whistling.
It is easy to imagine the Atlantic trying to draw breath—perhaps not so noticeably out in mid-ocean, but where it meets land, its waters are bathing up and down a sandy beach. It copies nearly perfectly the steady breathing of a living creature. It is filled with symbiotic existences, too: unimaginable quantities of creatures, little and large alike, mix within its depths in a kind of oceanic harmony, giving to the waters a feeling of heartbeat, a kind of sub-ocean vitality. And it has a psychology. It has personalities: sometimes peaceful and pleasant, on rare occasions rough and wild; always it is strong and striking.
1. Unlike real inland seas, the Atlantic Ocean is ____________________.A.lacking in liveliness | B.always energetic |
C.shaped like a square | D.preferred by ancient poets |
A.To show the vastness of the sea. |
B.To picture the power of the ocean. |
C.To prove the strength of the storm. |
D.To describe the movement of the waves. |
A.Moving harmoniously. | B.Breathing peacefully. |
C.Growing rapidly. | D.Existing together. |
A.a lively animal | B.a meaningful world |
C.a beautiful and poetic place | D.a flesh and blood human |
4 . Urbanization
Until relatively recently, the vast majority of human beings lived and died without ever seeing a city. The first city was probably founded no more than 5,500 years ago.
Britain was only the beginning.
In 1900, fewer than 40% of Americans lived in urban areas. Today, over 82% of Americans live in cities. Only about 2% live on farms.
Large cities were impossible until agriculture became industrialized. Even in advanced agricultural societies, it took about ninety-five people on farms to feed five people in cities.
Over the past two centuries, the Industrial Revolution has broken this balance between the city and the country.
A.That kept cities very small. |
B.The rest live in small towns. |
C.The effects of urban living on people should be considered. |
D.Soon many other industrial nations became urban societies. |
E.But even 200 years ago, only a few people could live in cities. |
F.Modernization drew people to the cities and made farmers more productive. |
G.Modem cities have destroyed social relations and the health of human beings. |
Yueyang Tower is
Before the Tang Dynasty (618-907), Yueyang Tower was mainly used
Ji’an lies next to the Luoxiao Mountains with the Gan River
As an ancient cultural city, Ji’an, went through wind and storm for thousands of years, with so many
There is picturesque scenery of the endless cloud-kissing mountains, the clear water and attractive view sights; everyone is
7 . Mars on Earth
Devon Island has always been a cold and uninhabited(无人居住的) place in the Canadian Arctic. Day after day there are high winds and the temperature is below freezing. But for the first time, despite the terrible weather conditions, Devon Island is the new home for a group of explorers from NASA. They are living here for a few months in order to train and learn how to live and work on Mars. The group’s members come from various backgrounds and nationalities, but they all have the same purpose: to find out how people can live on Mars in the future.
They have chosen Devon Island because the environment and landscape is similar in many ways to Mars. The surface is freezing cold and the ground is rough. However, there are some differences on Mars, where the atmosphere is poisonous to breathe. Devon Island is easier to travel to and it has its own dangers that you won’t find on Mars. For example, you might meet a hungry polar bear on Devon Island!
One thing the team wants to develop is suitable clothing for Mars. This includes a space suit. The suit they are testing at the moment is strong enough but it’s too difficult to put on and take off. It’s very big and bulky, which means that just walking around is very difficult and tiring. In addition, people will need to do experiments on Mars while wearing the suit so they have to be able to move around easily. One team member, Andy Overbeeke, specializes in space suit engineering. He explains, “You have to think about what they’re really going to operate in.”
Another part of daily life on Mars will be meals and food. Creating a new home on Mars requires a lot of food. So the big question is: can you grow plants in order to survive? Scientists believe that growing plants on Mars might be possible. Mars and Earth have many similarities. They both have about the same amount of dry land and a 24-hour day. However, the atmosphere on Mars is totally different, so Canadian scientist Alain Berinstain is attempting to grow plants in a special greenhouse that you could also build on Mars. The greenhouse needs to run 365 days a year, so it uses a combination of solar energy and wind power.
People living on Mars will also want their own transportation. For this, the team on Devon Island have built the “Martian Rover”. It’s a huge heavy vehicle that can travel over rocks and rough terrain. This kind of testing takes many days but so far the work has been valuable and effective. As a result, the whole team now believes their work is crucial and that it’s possible for humans to land on the planet Mars and create a home there. Addy Overbeeke adds: “We know that it’s man’s destiny to go out and do space exploration. It’s always time to think about what you want to do in the future.”
1. The explorers are living on Devon Island to ________.A.receive a training in astronomy |
B.set up an advanced research lab |
C.learn how to live and work on Mars |
D.make a living in an uninhabited land |
A.create a new home |
B.improve the atmosphere |
C.build special greenhouses |
D.reduce the area of dry land |
A.man may live on Mars in the future |
B.Martian Rover has failed to stand the test |
C.Mars and Devon Island have the same soil condition |
D.scientists have mastered the method to grow plants on Mars |
8 . Lost cities that have been found
The White City
In 2015, a team of explorers to Honduras in search of “the Lost City of the Monke God” led to the discovery of the White City. It is believed that local people hid here when the Spanish conquerors (征服者) occupied their homeland in the16th century.
Canopus and Heracleion
The Egyptian cities Canopus and Heracleion, where Queen Cleopatra often visited, weren’t found until 1992. Artifacts (史前器物) showed that the cities once highly developed as a trade network, which helped researchers piece together more about the last queen of Egypt.
Machu Picchu
A Yale professor discovered “the Lost City in the Clouds” in 1911. Machu Picchu displays the Inca Empire at the height of its rule. Abandoned in the 16th century for unknown reasons, the city was hidden by the local people from the Spanish conquerors for centuries keeping it so well preserved.
Troy
The ancient city of Troy in Homer’s The Iliad was considered a fictional setting for his characters to run wild. But in 1871, explorations in northwestern Turkey exposed nine ancient cities layered (层叠) on top of each other, the earliest dating back to about 5,000 years before. It was later determined that the sixth or seventh layer contained the lost city of Troy and that it was actually destroyed by an earthquake, not a wooden horse.
1. Why did people hide in the White City in the 16th century?A.To survive the war. | B.To save the land. |
C.To protect their country. | D.To search for a lost city. |
A.The White City | B.Canopus and Heracleion |
C.Machu Picchu | D.Troy |
A.It was built by Homer. | B.It consisted of nine cities |
C.It had a history of 5,000 years | D.It was ruined by a natural disaster. |
9 . Caves (洞穴) have a primary appeal — they hold the secrets to our past and are mysterious in and of themselves.
● Mammoth Cave
Kentucky, USA
The longest cave system in the world lies beneath the Green River Valley in Kentucky and while over 400 miles of passageways have been mapped, it has yet to be fully discovered. The complex limestone labyrinth (石灰岩迷宫) was discovered by humans 4,000 years ago.
● Blue Grotto
Capri, Italy
Once used as the personal swimming hole for the Roman Emperor Tiberius, this extremely bright sea cave is almost 200 feet long and 82 feet wide. Its unique glow comes from the light entering the small opening to the outside.
● Avshalom Cave Nature Reserve
Beit Shemesh, Israel
Also known as the Soreq Cave Nature Reserve, Avshalom is considered to be the Rosetta Stone of climate history in the Eastern Mediterranean through the packed stalactites (钟乳石) found in the cave, some of which are over 13 feet long, and are as old as 300,000 years.
● Cave of the Crystals
Naica, Mexico
This unique cave system in Mexico contains some of the largest natural crystals (水晶) ever found—the longest of which is 39 feet long and 13 feet thick. However, it is rarely explored due to logistical difficulties: it is extremely hot due to its location above a volcanic vent, and the huge crystals block also block the passage.
1. Where does the longest cave lie in?A.Kentucky, USA. | B.Capri, Italy. |
C.Beit Shemesh, Israel. | D.Naica, Mexico. |
A.the most beautiful cave. | B.the Soreq Cave Nature Reserve. |
C.the Emperor’s swimming hole. | D.over 400 miles of passageways. |
A.Cave of the Crystals. | B.Blue Grotto. |
C.Mammoth Cave. | D.Avshalom Cave Nature Reserve. |
No discussion about Chinese culture is complete without mentioning the Great Wall,
The earliest parts of the Great Wall
Thus the Great Wall represented people’s longing for a