1 . 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌的以下作文, 文中共有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处. 每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（A）, 并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。
2、只允许修改10处, 多者（从第11处起）不计分。

The Great Wall, just like the gigantic dragon, winds up and down across deserts, grasslands, mountains and plateaus, stretched approximately 21, 196 kilometers from west to cast. It had along history of more than 2, 000 years. That is amazing about the Great Wall is that it is main made of stones and bricks, with all the construction done by hand. As it was used to protecting the country from foreign invaders in the past, so every few hundred meters along the Great Wall, there was a watchtower. Now, as a symbol of China, the Great Wall has become one of the most famous tourist attraction in the world. There is no wonder that the Great Wall attracts hundreds of thousands foreign tourists every year.

2 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The Amazon is key    1    the health of the entire planet. It is the largest rainforest in the world,     2     (rough) half the size of the United States. Statistics show that nearly 20% of the oxygen     3     (produce) by the Earth’s land comes from the Amazon rainforest. It also puts an enormous amount of water into the atmosphere at a time     4     cities are drying up. The Amazon is sucking in carbon and greenhouse gases while slowing the rising temperatures.     5     it’s now burning at a record rate— with images from space     6     (show) the smoke covering much of Brazil.

It’s not the only major forest in danger. Nearly half of the world’s forests that     7     (stand) when humans started farming are now gone. The chief reason is the     8     (expand) of agriculture into forested areas. In Brazil it’s cattle ranching, soy production and logging, according to Nigel Sizer, tropical forest ecologist. “It is responsible for 80% to 90% of     9     loss of tropical forests around the world.” Environmental groups say these activities can     10     (slow) in a much more sustainable way.

3 . The commonly held view is that people arrived in North America from Asia via a land bridge once connecting the two continents at the end of the Ice Age around 13,000 to 16,000 years ago. But recent discoveries have suggested humans might have been there earlier. Researchers studying fossilized human footprints in New Mexico say that humans were there at least 23,000 years ago.

Matthew Bennett, a specialist in ancient footprints and author of a study on the new findings published in Science, and his colleagues studied 61 footprints by radiocarbon(放射性碳) dating layers of aquatic (水生的) plant seeds preserved above and below the footprints and accurately dated they were made 21,000 to 23,000 years ago. The people who made the footprints were living there in the last Ice Age when two massive ice sheets covering the continent and cold temperatures would have made a journey between Asia and Alaska impossible, indicating humans must have been there much earlier than previously thought.

According to their analysis of the footprints, they were likely made in soft ground at the edge of a wetland by children who were sent to do the work like fetching and catching by adults. Wind probably blew dust over the surface, accumulating in the prints, thus, leaving footprints that previously recorded.

Their finding also makes it possible to explore the older and more controversial sites. One such site is Chiquihuite Cave in central Mexico, where stone tools dating back to 30,000 years ago have been found.

David Rachal, an experienced geoarchaeologist (地质考古学家) thought the footprint dates provided by Bennett and his team looked extremely solid, with seeds providing very reliable and precise ages through radiocarbon dating. “You could not ask for a better setup,” said Rachal. However, he was puzzled that no artifacts, such as stone tools, had been found in the area. “We need to be cautious and more research needs to be done.” Rachal said.

1. What is the most essential evidence dating the time in the passage?

A．The aquatic plant seeds.	B．The fossilized human footprints.
C．The unearthed tools.	D．The massive ice sheets.

2. Why does the author mention Chiquihuite Cave in central Mexico?

A．To introduce a historical site.

B．To show the significance of the finding.

C．To compare geoarchaeological discoveries.

D．To explain the course of making a discovery.

3. What’s David Rachal’s attitude towards the new discovery?

A．Optimistic and trustful.	B．Conservative and cautious.
C．Negative but curious.	D．Favorable but confused.

4. Which of the following is the best title for the passage ?

A．The Discovery of Human Footprints.

B．Scientific Methods of Dating Footprints.

C．The Earlier Arrival of People in North America.

D．A Discussion on Human History Among Researchers.

4 . What’s the capital of Australia? If you answer Sydney, you’re wrong, with travel website VirtualTourist.com (www.virtualtourist.com) coming up with a list of the six most surprising non-capital cities in the world.

1) New York City, New York

It may be king of the hill and the top of the heap (堆), but only figuratively . NYC is not the country’s capital, which is Washington DC．Nor is it the state capital, an honor given to the upstate(北部地区的) town of Albany, which is also the birthplace of perforated (穿孔的)toilet paper.

2) Sydney, Australia

Although it is famous for its harbor and opera house, Sydney is not the capital. Canberra, which is just less than its one-hundred-year celebration, is actually the capital of Australia.

3) Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

It’s fun, exciting and has something for everyone, but that still doesn’t make it Brazil’s capital. While the city which is famous for the festival used to be the capital, Brasilia now takes that position.

4) Johannesburg, South Africa

Interestingly, South Africa has more than one capital city, none of which are Johannesburg. Divided by branch of government the capitals are: Bloemfontein, the capital of the judiciary (司法的), Pretoria, the capital of the administrative branch and Cape Town acting as the country’s legislative (立法的) capital.

5) Geneva, Switzerland

Neither this nor Zurich serves as the country’s capital. The attractive, quiet, UNESCO-recognized town of Bern holds this honor.

6) Timbuktu, Mali

Mysterious, exotic (异国情调的), and perhaps the country’s most recognizable name, it takes second place to the city of Bamako. Bamako considered the fastest growing city in Africa. It is also a world-famous center for music. Bamako is attracting famous singers to its local pubs where hometown artists play through the night.

1. We can learn from the text that ________.

A．Cape Town is South Africa’s legislative capital

B．Canberra is also called the land "Down Under"

C．Pretoria is South Africa’s judiciary capital

D．Bamako is the fastest growing city in the world

2. Which of the following can best describe Bern?

A．Charming and peaceful.	B．Fun and exciting.
C．Mysterious.	D．Exotic.

3. What can we infer from the text?

A．Bamako is famous for its industry.

B．Canberra is well-known for its opera.

C．Each country has only one capital.

D．Canberra has a history of less than 100 years.

4. This text is mainly about ________.

A．some famous big cities in the world

B．some famous mistaken capital cities in the world

C．features of some capitals in the world

D．traveling in some big cities in the world

7 . 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧）,并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

As we all know, culture is similar with an iceberg. There are cultural rules where are obvious and easily to understand. Most of our cultural values, however, is not clear or hidden. For example, when you will visit a restaurant in Japan, chance are that people may sit on the floor and use chopsticks to eat. These eat habits are easy to come across. You may not know, therefore, that it’s common for a man to sit cross-legged on the floor, but it’s not considered acceptable for woman to do so. You have to study people’s body language to understanding this less obvious cultural rule.

8 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Busy Colombians living in a city can be pressured. But there is a place for people to relieve stress in Bogota.     1    (sit) at the top of Monserrate Hill, east of the city, the place is a protected park for hummingbirds. The area contains a forest that has turned into a peaceful and     2     (harmony) world for both people and birds.

With the hummingbirds flying from flower to flower, some people study them through binoculars (双筒镜) and     3     (other) take pictures with cameras or phones.

“Sometimes it doesn't seem real because we are close to city of eight million residents     4     generate noise every day,” says Camilo Cantor, a caretaker in the park, whose job is to mix water and sugar and put it in bird feeders along a 300-meter path “The park is     5     (true) special place, like an oasis (绿洲). It is place where people can go     6     (ease) stress, forget about troubles and get     7     break from busy city life,” he added.

Ten years ago, the hill     8     (destroy), mercilessly and completely, meaning there were no trees left on it. But workers began to replant local trees and flowers to bring the forest back     9     life. Presently, visitors to the park can see over100 species of birds there.

Hummingbirds can     10     (find) only on the American continent and Colombia is home to many different kinds.

9 . The symbol of Paris, the Eiffel Tower opened to the public on March 31, 1889, and its beauty has continued to spellbind the world for 130 years. But some little-known facts about the Eiffel Tower may surprise you. We've put together a list.

It's the world's most visited paid tourist attraction

Almost seven million visitors each year pay the admission fee to visit the Eiffel Tower, Since it opened in 1889, nearly 300 million people have experienced the tower.

There’s an apartment at the top

A personal apartment that Gustave Eiffel used as an office was created at the top of the tower. Eiffel entertained many important persons there, and today visitors to the apartment will see it as it looked in Eiffel's day, with life-like wax models （蜡像）of Eiffel and Thomas Edison.

You could send a postcard by balloon from the Eiffel Tower

During the 1889 World's Fair, visitors could buy a commemorative （纪念）postcard that was attached to a balloon and a small parachute （降落伞）.Visitors would write an address on the postcard and release it into the air from the tower. The postcard would fall back to earth gently due to the parachute, but it's not known how many of these postcards ever made it to their intended addresses.

19th-century elevators are still in operation

Two of the original elevator cars are still functioning in the Eiffel Tower elevators that go to the third floor in the east and west pillars （铁柱）.The equipment has been updated, but it is basically the same technology that was used more than a century ago.

1. What do you know about the apartment at the top?

A．It was used as Eiffel's office.

B．It used to be a public apartment.

C．It sells wax models of Eiffel and Edison.

D．It only provides service for important persons.

2. What is special about sending the postcard?

A．The symbol.

B．The fee.

C．The way.

D．The time.

3. What is the text intended to do?

A．To update the equipment.	B．To show some interesting stories.
C．To explain the amazing history.	D．To share some little-known facts.

10 . Backcountry for beginners: the best destinations in Canada

When carried out safely, your first backcountry trip will leave you lifelong memories, opening a getaway into nature. But the leap from car camping to backcountry requires preparation and learning. Here are some recommended trips for backcountry beginners:

Grundy Lake Provincial Park

The park’s 9 backcountry sites are a 30-minute paddle (划船) away. Grundy Lake is motor-boat free. Your sites are quiet enough for a true backcountry trip. Each site comes equipped with a fire pit (坑) and a picnic table.

Bon Echo Provincial Park

Many visitors don’t know about the 25 canoe-in campsites located on Joeperry and Pearson Lakes. A short canoe trip of 30-minute will get you to your campsite. At each campsite, you will find a picnic table, tent space and a toilet nearby.

Charleston Lake Provincial Park

Experience the best of the Canadian Shield, and hike or paddle your way to 10 backcountry campsites. Travel time can range from 10 minutes to 2 hours. All sites come equipped with elevated tent platforms, a picnic table, a fire grill, and a toilet.

Murphys Point Provincial Park

Paddle through Big Rideau Lake (part of the historic Rideau waterway) to access 14 backcountry campsites. Most are located 5-45 minutes away from the boat launch. You’ll find a picnic table, tent space, and a pit toilet nearby each site. Paddle back to visit Murphys’ piece of living history: the Mica Mine!

Remember: backcountry travel requires careful consideration of packing, route planning, meal planning, safety, and your skill level.

1. You can do the followings at Grundy Lake Provincial Park EXCEPT _______.

A．Paddling.

B．Having a picnic.

C．Cooking.

D．Taking a motor-boat.

2. Which park has the most campsites?

A．Grundy Lake Provincial Park.	B．Bon Echo Provincial Park.
C．Charleston Lake Provincial Park.	D．Murphys Point Provincial Park.

3. In which section of a newspaper can you probably find this passage?

A．Health.

B．Travel.

C．Education.

D．Science.