1 . I travel a lot, and I find out different “styles”(风格)of directions every time I ask “ How can I get to the post office?”
Foreign tourists are often confused(困惑的)in Japan because most streets there don’t have names. In Japan, people use landmarks(地标)in their directions instead of street names. For example, the Japanese will say to travelers, “ Go straight down to the corner. Turn left at the big hotel and go past a fruit market. The post office is across from the bus stop.”
In the countryside of the American Midwest, there are not usually many landmarks. There are no mountains, so the land is very flat. In many places there are no towns or buildings within miles. Instead of landmarks, people will tell you directions and distances. In Kansas or Iowa, for example, people will say, “ Go north two miles. Turn east, and then go another mile.
People in Los Angeles, California, have no idea of distance on the map. They measure distance in time, not miles. “ How far away is the post office?” you ask. “ Oh,” they answer, “ it’s about five minutes from here.” You say, “ Yes, but how many miles is it?” They don’t know.
It’s true that a person doesn't know the answer to your question sometimes. What happens in such a situation? A New Yorker might say, “ Sorry, I have no idea.” But in Yucatan, Mexico, no one answers “ I don't know”. People in Yucatan believe that “I don't know” is impolite. They usually give an answer, often a wrong one. A tourist can get very, very lost in Yucatan!
1. When a tourist asks the Japanese the way to a certain place, they usually _______ .

A．describe the place carefully

B．show him a map of the place

C．tell him the names of the streets

D．refer to recognizable buildings and places

2. What is the place where people measure distance in time?

A．New York.	B．Los Angles.
C．Kansas                 C. Iowa

3. People inYucatan may give a tourist a wrong answer ________ .

A．in order to save time	B．as a test
C．so as to be polite	D．for fun

4. What can we infer from the text?

A．It’s important for travelers to understand cultural differences.

B．It’s useful for travelers to know how to ask the way properly.

C．People have similar understanding of politeness.

D．New Yorkers are generally friendly to visitors.

2 . C       What historical site impresses you most? I’ve always been fascinated by the pyramids in Egypt．A few years ago I braved a long queue and climbed through a narrow passage to reach the main chamber deep inside one of them．Like millions of other tourists, I marveled (赞叹) at stone-walled rooms full of the magic of this ancient civilization．
But popularity might be the destruction of such archaeological treasures．Take Tutankhamun’s tomb in the Valley of the Kings for example．It lay untouched for more than 3,000 years until the British archaeologist Howard Carter uncovered it in 1922．Now more than 1,000 people a day walk through it．
But as more and more people visit, the temperature and humidity inside the tomb change．As a result, the beautifully decorated plaster is coming away from the rock．
In order to preserve its heritage, a replica (复制品) of the monument is being opened about 1 kilometer away from the actual burial site．Specialists have recorded every detail of Tutankhamun’s tomb and used the data to recreate it．
Adam Lowe from the organization behind the project says the copy is identical to the original．He believes visitors will want to become part of the force that protects it rather than a force that is leading to its destruction．So they won’t mind seeing a replica．
But for historian Tom Holland, a copy is still a copy．He believes that although preservation is important, there is something unique about places like Tutankhamun’s tomb．He says it was built by people who believed in the world of the spirits, the dead and the supernatural．You don’t have to believe in a god or gods to feel a place is consecrated (使圣化) and has a particular quality that can’t be reproduced．
What about you? Would you visit a replica of a monument rather than the original to help preserve it?
1. What may account for the destruction of some archaeological treasures like Tutankhamun’s tomb?

A．Climate change．

B．Copies．

C．Popularity．

D．Thieves．

2. What measures have been taken to preserve the heritage of Tutankhamun’s tomb?

A．Decorating the monument again．

B．Building a replica of the monument．

C．Limiting the number of visitors．

D．Moving the tomb away from the actual site．

3. The underlined word “identical” is closest in meaning to ________．

A．superior

B．Sensitive

C．Exposed

D．similar

4. Historian Tom Holland may hold the opinion that ________．

A．some unique ancient places can’t simply be replaced by replicas

B．visitors are advised to see replicas because preservation is first

C．ancient civilizations are consecrated and can’t be redecorated

D．visitors to ancient civilizations must believe in a god or gods

3 . 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Dear Boris,

    1    After I had spent a week with my English family, I slowly began to understand their English a little better.     2    Students in my group are from different cities of Britain and their dialects are different too! Some of their accents are quite strong and they also have their own words and expressions.     3    Before I came to England I had thought that fish and chips were eaten every day. That’s quite wrong! I get rather annoyed now when I hear all the foolish words about typical English food. I had expected to see “London fog”. Do you remember our texts about it? We had no idea that most of this “thick fog” disappeared many years ago when people stopped using coal in their homes. But the idea to speak about weather was very helpful.     4    On the other hand, habits are different. People tell me what is typical British here in London is not always typical in Wales or Scotland.     5    But what is ordinary for all British is that they follow traditions(传统). Probably Britain has more living signs of its past than many other countries. And people have always been proud of having ancient (古老的) buildings in capitals, big cities and the countryside. I will tell you more about Britain in my other letters. Love from Britain.

A．The weather in London is really changeable.

B．I have difficulty in understanding my classmates.

C．Thanks for your nice letter.

D．The family I live with are friendly.

E．It’s very different from what I learned at school.

F．Local habits and traditions are not the same as what we knew.

G．But it’s not the language that’s different and surprising.

4 . February has long been a month of romance（浪漫）. With the sweet smell of roses in the air, romantic films hit cinemas and love stories fill newspapers and magazines.
On the 14th day, it is a custom for a boy to take his girlfriend out to dinner, buy her flowers and chocolates, write poems, sing to her or even spell out her name with rose petals! This is what you see on Valentine’s Day, a day named after Valentine who was a priest（牧师） in the third century Rome. When the emperor (皇帝) decided that single men could become better soldiers than those with wives, he didn’t allow marriage. But Valentine continued to perform（主持） marriage ceremonies（典礼） for young lovers in secret. When his actions were discovered, the emperor sentenced him to death. While in prison（监狱）, it is said that Valentine fell in love with the daughter of his prison guard. Before his death, he wrote her a letter, which he signed （签名）“From your Valentine”, an expression that is still   in use today. Valentine died for what he believed in and so he was made a Saint (圣徒), as well as becoming one of history’s most romantic characters.
Nowadays, Valentine’s Day is also popular among Chinese young people. Some students are planning to make Valentine’s cards for parents, teachers and friends. Others want to hold parties at which they will exchange small gifts and eat heart-shaped（心形的） cakes. The idea is to have fun and encourage people to share in the spirit of St. Valentine.
1. Why did the emperor in Rome not allow marriage in his country?

A．Because there were few women in his country at that time.

B．Because he wanted to control the birth rate.

C．Because there wasn’t enough food for so many people.

D．Because he thought men without wives could be better soldiers.

2. Valentine was put into prison because ______.

A．he killed one of the soldiers

B．he didn’t obey the emperor’s order

C．he stole a lot of food

D．he didn’t want to be a soldier

3. The last paragraph mainly tells us ______.

A．students in China send cards to their teachers

B．Valentine’s Day is also popular in China now

C．it is interesting to celebrate Valentine’s Day in China

D．it is a good idea to celebrate Valentine’s Day in China

4. The best title for this passage should be ______.

A．Valentine’s Day in China	B．A Brave Priest
C．Valentine’s Day	D．A Romantic Man

5 . India has a very vast history and heritage（遗产）. The country has witnessed some of the most important events in the past and every event has an effect of its own on the culture, religion, lifestyle, and economy of the country. This is one of the leading reasons why tourists prefer India to travel and explore. Historical tours in India provide everything that a traveler expects from his/her journey. These historical tours give an opportunity to study and explore Indian history.

Historical tours of India generally consisted of four phases: ancient, medieval（中世纪的）, modern India and contemporary（当代的）India. Some of the historical travel packages are:

Forts and Palaces

The rich cultural past of India is reflected in the countless（无数的）forts and palaces across the country. Most of the forts were constructed as a defense device to keep the enemy away and palaces were made on the names of the kings and queens. Some of the famous forts and palaces are: Agra Fort (Agra), Fatehpur Sikri (Agra), Hawa Mahal (Jaipur), Amber Fort (Jaipur), City Palace (Jaipur), Gwalior Fort (Gwalior), Mysore Palace (Mysore), Red Fort (Delhi), etc.

India Heritage Tours

The main purpose of India Heritage tours is to make Indians as well as tourists familiar with the rich Indian legacy（遗产）. The heritage of the country is at least 5000 years. Some of the heritage tours are: medieval heritage, Rajput heritage, Golden Triangle, splendid Gujarat, etc.

South India Historical Tours

The Southern India is known for its diversity and there are many places, which attract tourists, not only from the country but also from all around the world. The famous tourists’ destinations（景区）in South India include Goa, Cochin, Kerala, Munnar, Periyar, Kottayam and the list goes on and on.

1. The main purpose of this passage is               .

A．to report some important events in the history of India

B．to introduce some tours that can explore the history of India

C．to help study the culture and history of India

D．to tell us how to explore the history of India

2. Many tourists prefer to travel to and explore because               .

A．modern India has little to study

B．Indian people have an interesting lifestyle

C．its culture is greatly influenced by its history

D．India’s history is longer than that of any other country

3. Most forts were built in order to               .

A．honor the kings	B．act as a palace for queens
C．keep enemies away	D．attract tourists

4. According to the passage, Rajput heritage               .

A．is a famous fort in India

B．is one of the heritages in India

C．has a history of no more than 200 years

D．lies in South India

6 . Most people buy a lot of gifts just before Christmas. But some people think we buy too much. They have started a special day called Buy Nothing Day. They don’t want anyone to go shopping on that day.

Buy Nothing Day is November 29. It’s 25 days before Christmas. It’s after Thanksgiving Day and often the first day of Christmas shopping. At this time, we see ads in Newspapers and on TV telling us to “buy, buy, buy!”

The idea for Buy Nothing Day started in Vancouver, British Columbia. Now people all over the world celebrate Buy Nothing Day. In California, parents and children get together to read stories, sing songs, and paint pictures. The children talk about why they don’t need a lot of toys. This year, in Manchester, England, people dressed up in costumes (统一服装) to tell people that we buy too much.

In Albuquerque, New Mexico, high school students wanted to tell other students about Buy Nothing Day. They organized a spaghetti dinner to give people information about Buy Nothing Day. They asked restaurants in the neighborhood to donate (捐赠) the food. They made posters and talked to other students about it. The dinner was a big success, and many students agreed not to buy anything on November 29. The students at high schools liked the idea of this new tradition. Next year, they want to have another dinner to tell more people about Buy Nothing Day!

1. Which of the following is NOT the day for people to celebrate Buy Nothing Day?

A．November 29.	B．25 days before Christmas.
C．After Thanksgiving.	D．The first day after Christmas.

2. People usually buy many gifts_______.

A．before Thanksgiving	B．on Christmas
C．before Christmas	D．anytime

3. How do people celebrate Buy Nothing Day?

A．In California, parents and children get together to play games.

B．In England, people celebrate by performing plays.

C．In Mexico, high school students dress up.

D．They buy nothing and persuade others not to buy things.

4. What did the students do in New Mexico for the day?

A．They donated the food of their own.

B．They talked to others about it.

C．They made some slogans (标语口号) for it.

D．They organized a luxurious (奢华的) dinner.

7 . The other day, my friend Jane was invited to a 40th birthday party. The time printed on the invitation was 7:30 pm. Jane went off with her husband, expecting a merry evening of wine, food, and song.
By 9:45, everybody was having great fun, but no food had appeared. Jane and David were restless. Other guests began whispering that they, too, were starving. But no one wanted to leave, just in case some food was about to appear. By 11:00, there was still no food, and everyone was completely off their heads. Jane and David left hungry and angry.
Their experience suggests that the words on the printed invitations need to be made clearer. Everyone reads and understands the invitations differently. Most of us would agree that 6:30 - 8:30 pm means drinks only, go out to dinner afterwards; 8:00 pm or 8:30 pm means possible dinner, but 9:30 pm and any time thereafter means no food, eat beforehand, arrive late．
But this is not always the case. If asked to a students’ party at 6:30 pm, it is unaccepted for guests to appear on time. Being the first to arrive — looking eager — is social death. When my mother is asked to a party at 6:30, she likes to be there, if not on time, then no later than seven．My age group (late thirties) falls somewhere between the two, but because we still think we’re young, we’re probably closer to student-time than grown-up time.
The accepted custom at present is confusing, sometimes annoying, and it often means you may go home hungry, but it does lend every party that precious element of surprise.
1. The underlined words “off their heads” probably mean _______.

A．tired

B．crazy

C．happy

D．encouraging

2. Jane and David’s story is used to show that _______.

A．party invitations can be confusing

B．party-goers usually get hungry at parties

C．people should ask for food at parties

D．birthday parties for middle-aged people are dull

3. For some young people, arriving on time for a students’ party will probably be considered _______.

A．very difficult	B．particularly thoughtful
C．friendly and polite	D．socially unacceptable

4. What is the general idea of the text?

A．It’s safe to arrive late just when food is served.

B．It’s wise to eat something before going to a party.

C．It’s important to follow social rules of party-going.

D．There’s no need to read invitations carefully.

8 . People in the United States honor their parents with two special days: Mother’s Day, on the second Sunday in May, and Father’s Day, on the third Sunday in June.
Mother’s Day was proclaimed a day for national observance by President Woodrow Wilson in 1915. Ann Jarvis from Grafton, West Virginia, had started the idea to have a day to honor mothers. She was the one who chose the second Sunday in May and also began the custom of wearing a carnation.
In 1909, Mrs. Dodd from Spokane, Washington, thought of the idea of a day to honor fathers. She wanted to honor her own father, William Smart. After her mother died, he had the responsibility of raising a family of five sons and a daughter. In 1910, the first Father’s Day was observed in Spokane. Senator Margaret Chase Smith helped to establish Father’s Day as a national commemorative day, in 1972.
These days are set aside to show love and respect for parents. They raise their children and educate them to be responsible citizens. They give love and care.
These two special days are celebrated in many different ways. On Mother’s Day people wear carnations. A red one symbolizes a living mother. A white one shows that the mother is dead．Many people attend religious services to honor parents. It is also a day when people whose parents are dead visit the cemetery. On these days families get together at home, as well as in restaurants. They often have outdoor barbecues for Father’s Day. These are days of fun and good feelings and memories.
1. According to the passage, which of the following about the second Sunday in May is not true ?

A．It is a day to show love to mothers

B．It is a day to wear carnations

C．It is a day for people to visit the cemetery

D．It is a day for many people to attend religious services

2. Choose the right time order of the following events.
a. The first Father’s Day was observed
b. Mother’s Day was proclaimed a day for national observance
c. Father’s Day became a day for national observance.
d. The idea of honoring fathers was bought up

A．a b c d

B．d a b c

C．b a c d

D．d a c b

3. Who plays the most important role in Father’s Day becoming a national commemorative day?

A．Mrs. Do

B．Margaret Chase Smith

C．Ann Jarvis

D．Woodrow Wilson

4. From the passage, we know in the U.S ________________.

A．one should wear a red carnation if one’s mother pass away

B．on Mother’s Day, families often go out to have barbecues

C．on Father’s Day, people often stay at home to celebrate the special day.

D．The purpose to have these two special days is to show love to parents

5. The author’s purpose of writing this passage is to __________

A．call on people to love and respect their parents.

B．introduce Mother’s Day and Father’s Day.

C．tell the difference between Mother’s Day and Father’s Day

D．show how important fathers and mothers are

9 . 根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Africa is a very diverse land with many different tribes. One tradition that many of these groups share is painting or marking their bodies and faces in color. They do this for many reasons. Some marks are used to identify people as part of a group.    1     Let’s look at some different examples of body painting.     2     Among the Masai of East Africa, when men are old enough to marry and make decisions for their people, they participate in a special ceremony in which they paint their heads and faces red. This ceremony take place every seven to fourteen years, so there is not an exact age for participating in it. The Samburu, also from East Africa, like to paint their faces and hair red because they think it looks attractive.     3     To show that he has killed a lion, a man will paint his body with a natural white material, making special marks to represent this accomplishment. The Masai men also use this white to show that they are on longer boys and are considered adults.One quite unusual example of face painting is done by the Wodaabe people of West Africa. Once a year, they have a beauty contest for men.     4     Then they add white and black circles and lines. Black paint is used near the eyes and on the lips to draw attention to the whiteness of their eyes and teeth, which the Wodaabe consider most beautiful.    5    .As you travel, enjoy the beautiful and bright colors of Africa.

A．Red is the common color in body painting because it often represents health and long life.

B．Other marks are used for ceremonies such as weddings and during times of war.

C．The ceremony expresses hope for rain.

D．The Masai men also have a unique way of showing that they are brave.

E．The women then decide which man they like best.

F．The men pretend to fight each other.

G．The men paint their faces yellow and red.

10 . “If there is one thing I’m sure about，it is that in a hundred years from now we will still be reading newspapers．It is not that newspapers are a necessity．Even now some people get most of their news from television or radio．Many buy a paper only on Saturday or Sunday．But for most people reading a newspaper has become a habit passed down from generation to generation．
The nature of what is news may change．What basically makes news is what affects our lives—the big political stories, the coverage of the wars, earthquakes and other disasters，will continue much the same．I think there will be more coverage of scientific research，though．It’s already happening in areas that may directly affect our lives，like genetic (基因) engineering．In the future，I think there will be more coverage of scientific explanations of why we feel as we do—as we develop a better understanding of how the brain operates and what our feelings really are．
It’s quite possible that in the next century newspapers will be transmitted electronically from Fleet Street and printed out in our own home．In fact，I’m pretty sure that how it will happen in the future．You will probably be able to choose from a menu，making up your own newspaper by picking out the things you want to read——sports and international news，etc．
I think people have got it wrong when they talk about competition between the different media(媒体)．They actually_____each other．Some people once foresaw that television would kill off newspapers, but that hasn’t happened．What is read on the printed page lasts longer than pictures on a screen or sound lost in the air．And as for the Internet，it’s never really pleasant to read something just on a screen．
1. What is the best title for the passage?

A．The Best Way to Get News	B．The Changes of Media
C．Make Your Own Newspaper	D．The Future of Newspaper

2. What will probably be on in the newspaper made by yourself?

A．Sports and political news．	B．A menu of important news．
C．The most important news．	D．What you are interested in．

3. From the passage，we can infer ________．

A．newspapers will win the competition among the different media

B．newspapers will stay with us together with other media

C．television will take the place of newspaper

D．the writer believe some media will die out

4. The underlined phrase “feed off” in the last paragraph means _________

A．depend on

B．compete with

C．fight with

D．kill off