Chinese poetry generally falls into one of two primary types, classical Chinese poetry and modern Chinese poetry. Modern Chinese poetry refers     1     the modern style of poetry, as opposed to the traditional poetry     2    (write) in classical Chinese language. A high point of classical Chinese poetry occurred during the Tang Dynasty, during     3    time in China poetry was integrated (融入) into almost every aspect of the professional and     4    (society) life of the literate class. Unlike traditional forms of Chinese poetry which are rhymed, modern Chinese poetry does not usually follow specific     5    (pattern). Poetry     6    (revolutionize) after May Fourth Movement in 1919. Early 20th-century poets like Hu Shi, Xu Zhimo and Guo Moruo     7    (seek) to break Chinese poetry from past conventions by adopting Western models.

Poetry has     8    (consistent) been held in extremely high regard in China. In Chinese culture, poetry has provided a format for both public and private expressions of deep emotion,     9    (offer) an audience of peers, readers, and scholars insight into the inner life of Chinese writers. Westerners have also found in it     10    interesting and pleasurable field of study.

Traditional Chinese painting is the art of painting on a piece of Xuan paper or silk with a Chinese brush     1    is soaked(浸湿) with black ink or colored pigments. It     2     (regard) as one of the three quintessence of Chinese culture, the other two being traditional Chinese medicine and Beijing Opera.

    3    (general) speaking, traditional Chinese painting can be classified into three types, figure painting, landscape painting and flower-and-bird painting.

Figure painting came into maturity as early as the Warring State Period and reached     4    (it) peak during the Tang Dynasty. Famous figure painting artists include Gu Kaizhi and Wu Dao zi.

Landscape painting, as the name indicates, draws the outside scenery. It first appeared in the Qin Dynasty and became an     5     (independence) genre during the Sui and Tang Dynasties. By the time of the Song Dynasty, it     6    (reach) a very high level.

Flower-and-bird painting concentrates     7    the drawing of flowers, birds, fishes and insects, etc. in their natural state. It came into being in the Northern and Southern Dynasties and became a mature art during the Song Dynasty.

In     8    (finish) works of traditional Chinese painting, inscriptions, poems and stamps often come side by side.Therefore, traditional Chinese painting is an art form     9    (combine) poetry, calligraphy, painting and seal carving. Its artistic achievement and national features have won     10    (recognize) of the people all over the world. Thus, traditional Chinese painting brings artistic enjoyment for people.

5 . People from different cultures sometimes do things that make each other uncomfortable, without meaning to or sometimes without even realizing it. Most Americans ________ never been out of the country and have very little ________ that with foreigners. But they are usually spontaneously to get children to help, friendly and open, and ________ meeting new people, having guests and ________ people together formally (正式地) or informally.

They tend to use first names in most ________ and speak freely about themselves. ________ if your American hosts do something that makes you ________ , try to let them know how you feel. Most people will ________ your honesty and try not to make you uncomfortable again. And you’ll learn something about another culture!

Many travelers find it ________ to meet people in the U.S. than in other countries. They may just ________ and introduce themselves or even invite you over before they really know you. Sometimes Americans are said to be ________ friendly. Perhaps it seems so, but they are probably just ________ a good time. Just like anywhere else, it takes ________ to become real friends with people in the U.S. If and when you stay with American friends, they will probably enjoy ________ you to their friends and family, and if they seem eager to know you, it is probably ________ they are. Relax and enjoy it!

6 . Group-Centered Societies Have Just as Much Creativity

What does culture have to do with creativity? The answer could be “a lot”. For decades, psychologists trying to understand the roots of creative imaginations have looked at the ways in which two different types of cultures can come to have an effect over its artistic and _________ output. Individualistic cultures encourage people to be unique and to _________ their own interests even if doing so comes at a cost to the group overall. Collectivistic cultures are based on relationships and duties to other people. These types of cultures often _________ the individual’s wants for the needs of those who are close to them or for those in their community.

Individualism has long been thought to have a creative _________. Individualists _________ social convention, the logic goes, and that pushback supports innovation. For instance, around the world, individualistic cultures have more patents than collectivistic cultures do. _________, a new study suggests that these ideas about culture and creativity could be off base. People in collectivistic cultures actually do better with a particular type of creative thinking than those in individualistic cultures. And the findings overall reveal the shortcomings of thinking about innovation too _________.

The new work comes from comparing communities in different parts of China. Though it scores high, as a nation, on measures of cultural _________, China’s 1.4 billion people are more than just a single culture. People from areas north of the Yangtze River tend to be more _________, open to strangers and self-confident, whereas people along the river and farther south are often more inter-dependent, partial to friends over strangers and likely to try harder to __________.

In the new creativity study, researchers investigated innovation with these two groups in mind. The team used a drawing test that had been created by psychologists. They gave kids a sheet of paper with just a few basic elements printed on it: some dots here, squiggles (弯曲的线条) there, and a rectangle that suggested a drawing frame. The children got 15 minutes to use the elements already on the page to draw whatever they wanted. They could get “adaptive creativity” points for doodling in ways that connected the squiggles and lines into an original and __________ image. In addition, a judge checked whether the children chose to incorporate a small shape that could be found just outside the rectangular. This element was easy to __________, so those who included this outside-the-box detail could get points for “boundary-breaking creativity.”

The researchers gave the test to 683 middle school students from north and south of the Yangtze River. When the scientists got the scores back, they discovered that there were no differences in the children’s overall creativity. When they broke down the results into components, they found that students from collectivistic regions scored __________ in adaptive creativity while those from individualistic areas did better in boundary-breaking creativity.

The findings are also a warning against cultural chauvinism (极端民族主义). Western countries have tended to lead the way in innovation — at least as defined by the metrics (指标) we Westerners have created. Perhaps we have been __________ China’s adaptive creativity. For example, while the country may not have invented the assembly line, it is largely thanks to the __________ its people have made to this system that the country has such a thriving manufacturing sector today.

7 . Wu Ming, a young German born after 1995, is a big fan of Chinese culture. As he thought some diseases can’t be treated _______ with Western medicine, he decided to _______traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). In 2015, Wu came to Henan province, where a strong TCM culture can be _______. After a year of learning, he _______ the language barrier and started to learn Chinese medicine. Wu always _______ some Chinese herbal medicine by himself to know their flavours and effects, just like Shen Nong, a character in Chinese legend. In Wu’s opinion, TCM is one of the best-preserved _______ of Chinese culture.

Studying TCM also _______ Wu’s mind and lifestyle. He used to be _______ to electronic devices, playing video games every night. Instead of being trapped in the fast-paced but unhealthy daily _______, he now lives a(n) ________ and peaceful life, practicing good habits like drinking tea and reading.

Wu ________ what he has learned to help his family. He always provides his family members with some advice about staying fit after ________ their skin or tongues online. Over time, his family gradually began to understand his ________ for TCM.

Wu thinks there’s no big difference between China and Western countries. “________ comes from being out of touch”, said Wu. He plans to run a traditional Chinese clinic in Germany, which could serve as a(n) ________ between the two countries and publicize TCM and its culture.