1 . We are so used to the beauty of trees, plants and flowers that we may even take it for granted without realizing how much inspiration it has given us. For instance, an open flower might make us think how
Nature has inspired many of the most fascinating designs around us, those in architecture included. Today, architects continue to
People whose interest is exploring the
Watching a nature documentary in which termites were constructing their nests inspired Zimbabwean architect Mick Pearce to create the Eastgate Centre. The design
The world’s first algae-powered building is in Hamburg, Germany. The
Creating buildings such as these enables us to live
| A．nearly | B．hardly | C．closely | D．narrowly |
| A．discover | B．explore | C．tend | D．support |
| A．polishes | B．shares | C．respects | D．works |
| A．relationship | B．discussion | C．balance | D．friendship |
| A．painted | B．shaped | C．sculptured | D．translated |
| A．pleased | B．disappointed | C．amazed | D．annoyed |
| A．truly | B．fiercely | C．suddenly | D．slightly |
| A．increases | B．forms | C．reduces | D．creates |
| A．fewer | B．less | C．more | D．much |
| A．surface | B．foundation | C．bottom | D．background |
| A．light | B．steam | C．radio | D．heat |
| A．keeps off | B．sticks to | C．comes up with | D．responds to |
| A．attack | B．damage | C．quality | D．amount |
| A．in need of | B．beyond control of | C．on basis of | D．in harmony with |
| A．simplest | B．mildest | C．worst | D．latest |
要点：
1.此活动具体措施，如开班会宣传；垃圾分类等；
2.此活动带来的好处：提高环保意识；垃圾回收再利用等；
3.该活动的意义及带给自身的感受。
注意：（1）词数80-100；
（2）可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；
（3）开头与结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Tom,
I feel overjoyed to get your email, knowing that you show special interest in the activity held in our school to deal with garbage classification.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
3 . 
It may sound like the plot of a Disney movie, but Todd, a fox, really does think he’s a dog. The animal was tamed after being rescued as a 4-month-old cub (幼崽) and was raised as a pet by owner Emma D’ Sylva. Since then the lovable fox has picked up a number of dog characteristics such as tail wagging (摇尾巴), playing with toys and even walking on a lead.
The 11-month-old animal accompanies Emma’s pets Sky and Oakley on walks, drawing double attention from other dog-walkers when they see Todd moving quickly through the local park with Sky and Oakley. They thought as a fox, he has too many dog characteristics. He also sleeps in a kennel (狗窝) , plays with the other dogs and even wags his tail during its feeding time.
“I’ve had Todd since he was about 4 months old because his previous owners couldn’t look after him anymore. He was a bit crazy when he first came to me last year, but now he has a really strong bond with me. He will run up to me wagging his tail when I go to feed him.” Emma, 25, from Stanfield, said.
“Sometimes he comes into my room, but he prefers being outside. He gets on well with my two dogs, and wants to play with them all the time. If people or dogs come up to him in the park, he will lie down at first and freeze but after a few seconds he will sniff (嗅) around the dogs or sit patiently.”
Emma takes some of her 40 pets into schools and care homes to enable children and the elderly to interact with a range of animals. Emma’s husband, Steve Johnson, added, “Todd went out on his first school visit the other week and the children really enjoyed playing with him.”
1. The author mentions “like the plot of a Disney movie” in Paragraph 1 to ________.| A．attract readers to know more about Todd |
| B．introduce a Disney movie’s actor |
| C．inspire people to treat foxes more friendly |
| D．share his favorite movie with readers |
| A．he’s considerate and warmhearted | B．he’s successful and patient |
| C．he acts like a dog instead of a fox | D．he gets along well with dogs |
| A．He is very aggressive in public. | B．He misses his previous owners. |
| C．He used to sleep in Emma’s room. | D．He leads a happy life at Emma’s home. |
| A．Steve Johnson and Emma run a pet home. | B．Todd enjoyed playing with other pets. |
| C．Emma is an expert in raising a range of pets. | D．Todd was welcomed by children in the school. |
| A．How to raise dogs and foxes | B．A lovely dog-like fox |
| C．Emma and her pets | D．To be a good per owner |
The film Jaws was released in 1975, and became
Apart from this, another factor
According to experts, sharks don’t target people. They do this
5 . Dr. David Sullivan, pediatric dentist（儿科牙医）, is just wild about teeth. So are some of his
You see. Dr. David, as many people call him, has some
On most days, Dr. David tends to his human patients, teaching them how to care for their
“When I was a kid in school, the only thing I ever
But Dr. David soon
After he became a dentist, Dr. David
Word of Dr. David’s work with animals
| A．friends | B．patients | C．teachers | D．colleagues |
| A．unusual | B．young | C．interesting | D．serious |
| A．clearly | B．typically | C．rarely | D．traditionally |
| A．dead | B．pet | C．real | D．toy |
| A．feet | B．ears | C．eyes | D．teeth |
| A．successful | B．general | C．dental | D．experimental |
| A．special | B．painful | C．frightening | D．valuable |
| A．Finally | B．Luckily | C．Eventually | D．Gradually |
| A．fond | B．afraid | C．tired | D．ashamed |
| A．worrying about | B．asking about | C．preparing for | D．caring for |
| A．time | B．chance | C．principle | D．honor |
| A．hated | B．managed | C．wanted | D．failed |
| A．expected | B．guessed | C．realized | D．declared |
| A．impossible | B．wonderful | C．necessary | D．imperfect |
| A．comfortable | B．excited | C．pitiful | D．nervous |
| A．But | B．Because | C．And | D．So |
| A．arrived | B．performed | C．studied | D．worked |
| A．kids | B．models | C．animals | D．adults |
| A．rang | B．spread | C．faded | D．broke |
| A．help | B．advice | C．opinion | D．permission |
6 . The increase in the price of oil has brought the world to its senses. Scientists are searching for suitable alternative (替换) but so far in vain. They are considering how they can make better use of the two other major fuels, coal and natural gas, but they have found that neither can take the place of oil in their economics. In recent years there has been a growing concern for the environment and coal is not a popular fuel with environmentalists. Natural gas, the purest of the three fuels, is also the most limited in supply.
The answer would seem to lie in nuclear power stations. They need very little fuel to produce enormous amounts of power and they do not pollute the atmosphere. Their dangers, however, are so great and the cost of building them are also high. Not only could one accident in a nuclear power station spread as much radioactivity as a thousand Hiroshima atom bombs, but the radioactive waste from these station is extremely dangerous.
Scientists have recently turned their attention to natural sources of energy: the sun, the sea, the wind and hot spring，of which the sun seems the most promising source for the future. Houses have already been built which are heated entirely by solar energy. However, solar energy can only be collected during daylight hours, and in countries where the weather is unreliable, an alternative heating system has to be included.
However, many scientists are optimistic (乐观的) that new ways of generating large amounts of energy will be successfully developed, but at the same time they fear the consequences. If the world population goes on increasing at its present rate, we may, in fifty years’ time, be burning up so much energy that we would damage the earth’s atmosphere. By raising the temperature of the atmosphere, we could melt the Arctic and Antarctic ice-caps and change the pattern of vegetable and animal life throughout the world — a frightening possibility.
1. The natural gas cannot take the place of oil because ______.| A．its price is increasing |
| B．it may cause more pollution |
| C．the source of it is limited |
| D．it is too pure |
| A．Scientists have succeeded in finding a suitable alternative |
| B．Scientists are worried about the environment problem in the future. |
| C．Scientists have found none of the alternatives can take place of oil. |
| D．Scientists are confident that they will eventually find the new ways |
| A．natural gas |
| B．coal |
| C．wind energy |
| D．solar energy |
| A．it cannot generate large amounts of power |
| B．it may pollute the atmosphere |
| C．It may cause great danger to us if not properly handled |
| D．It may use up enormous amounts of fuel |
| A．all energy supply would be burnt up |
| B．earth’s atmosphere would be damaged |
| C．the Arctic and Antarctic ice-caps would melt |
| D．the pattern of vegetable and animal life throughout the world would be changed |
7 . As evening fell, five people moved nervously around a baby elephant. All the science, all the ideas leading up to this moment, checked out. But now, it was a question of practice: Would this baby elephant like the newly developed baby formula(配方奶)?Would her body react(反应)well to it?
The five people, keepers at Reteti Elephant Sanctuary, northern Kenya’s only elephant orphanage (孤儿院), held one another’s hands. They hoped that she would be healthy. As baby Sera gulped down one bottle after another, they smiled with relief. And in the days that followed, the weak two-week-old put on weight and had the strength to play with the other baby elephants at the orphanage.
The keepers celebrated the breakthrough. The formula was simple and the main ingredient (成分) of the new formula was easy to get: goat(山羊)milk.
The team had been thinking about how to improve their milk recipe for a long time, says Katie Rowe, co-founder of Reteti, in the community-owned Namunyak Conservancy. The orphanage had used human baby formula since its establishment in 2016, but costs were high, cans had to be bought from foreign countries, and ingredients weren’t always natural. “I was looking at the ingredients, believing there were better choices out there,” Rowe says.
The new formula has also been a success for the Samburu community, which sells goat milk to the orphanage. Each morning, Stamen Lemajong’s family and others travel along tree-lined roads to sell more than 150 liters of milk to the orphanage. “We use the money from selling goat milk for everything-taking the kids to school, paying hospital bills,” Lemajong says. “And in times of hardship last year it has been a huge help. Then we could even buy food with it.”
1. What were the five people doing toward the evening?| A．Testing a new formula. | B．Treating an ill elephant. |
| C．Having a science lesson. | D．Examining a newly born baby. |
| A．Discovered. | B．Drank. | C．Filled. | D．Brought. |
| A．It is less expensive. | B．It tastes more delicious. |
| C．It has fresher ingredients. | D．It is more popular worldwide. |
| A．It lets kids realize the value of hard work. |
| B．It brings in less money than usual. |
| C．It gives local people big benefits. |
| D．It faces a lot of challenges. |
| A．Sports. | B．Science. | C．Education. | D．Society. |
8 . Human’s appetite for sand could increase 45 percent within four decades, according to researchers who say unchecked consumption risks environmental damage and shortages of a key material for urban expansion. Growing demand for building sand — which is used to make concrete, glass and other vital construction materials – has already seen the rise of sand pirates (盗贼) , with dozens of islands disappearing in Indonesia as a result of casual mining.
Xiaoyang Zhong at Leiden University and his colleagues have calculated that global building sand demand will jump from 3.2 billion tonnes a year in 2020 to 4.6 billion tonnes by 2060. The figure is based on a central situation of future population rises and economic growth, and modelled using estimates of concrete and glass consumption, and the floor area needed in buildings.But there is no reliable estimate for remaining sand reserves, so it is unclear if the world can bear such a big increase. “Sand, and the sand crisis (危机), has been overlooked, creating severe environmental and social consequences. If we don’t act now, we may not have enough sand to develop our cities,” says Zhong.
However, Zhong’s team found that about half the projected consumption in 2060 could be avoided if countries take a suit of measures, including extending the lifetime of buildings, reusing concrete, creating more lightweight building designs and using other materials, such as wooden frames. According to the model, the single biggest reduction in sand use could come from more efficient (有效的) use of space: distributing less floor space per person in buildings, sharing offices, and so on. “It’s hard to say how realistic these measures are. But we want this to happen,” says Zhong.
The research only looked at sand used for glass and concrete in buildings, so is an underestimate of total future demand. Granular data on sand consumption for the 26 world regions studied is also lacking, and not detailed enough for country-level breakdowns.
Failure to act will add existing environmental pressures on reserves of sand in lakes and rivers first, but absolute shortages shouldn't be overlooked, says Zhong. “It would be very questionable if this growing demand could be met,” he says.
1. What may cause the environmental and social effects according to Zhong?| A．Sand reserves are not enough. |
| B．The sand crisis is overestimated. |
| C．Sand crisis isn’t paid much attention to. |
| D．The construction industry is lack of sand. |
| A．By reusing he building materials. |
| B．By lengthening the building’s lifetime. |
| C．By making use of space more wisely. |
| D．By preventing sand use completely. |
| A．It only studied the sand use in 26 areas. |
| B．It didn’t show the detailed data on sand use. |
| C．It didn’t take realistic measures on sand use. |
| D．It overlooked the total sand need in the future. |
| A．How we will take action to stop it. |
| B．Why its shortages are overlooked in most countries. |
| C．Whether the increasing sand need may be satisfied. |
| D．What damage the environmental pressures do to rivers. |
9 . Suppose there are some coins on the table in front of you. If the number is small, you can tell right away exactly how many there are. You don’t even have to count them — a single glance is enough. Cichlids and stingrays, two kinds of fish, are astonishingly similar to us in this respect: they can detect small quantities precisely — and presumably without counting. For example, they can be trained to reliably distinguish quantities of three from quantities of four.
But how do you ask a cichlid for the result of “2+1” or “5-1”? The researchers showed the fish a collection of geometric shapes — for example, four squares. If these objects were colored blue, this meant “add one” for the following discrimination. Yellow, on the other hand, meant “subtract one.”
After showing the original stimulus (刺激物) (e.g. four squares), the animals were shown two new pictures — one with five and one with three squares. If they swam to the correct picture (i.e. to the five squares in the “blue” arithmetic task), they were rewarded with food. If they gave the wrong answer, they went away empty-handed. Over time, they learned to associate the blue color with an increase of one in the amount shown at the beginning, and the yellow number with a decrease.
“We deliberately left out some calculations during training,” Schluessel explains. “Namely, 3+1 and 3-1.” After the learning phase, the animals got to see these two tasks for the first time. But even in those tests, they significantly often chose the correct answer.” This was true even when they had to decide between choosing four or five objects after being shown a blue 3 — that is, two outcomes that were both greater than the initial value. In this case, the fish chose four over five, indicating they had not learned the rule “chose the largest (or smallest) amount presented” but the rule “always add or subtract one”.
1. How did the researchers tell the fish what to do?| A．They used different colors to represent different calculations. |
| B．They showed different numbers by various shapes. |
| C．They asked the fish for the result after showing geometric shapes. |
| D．They associated geometric shapes with colors. |
| A．They can get food when swimming to the correct picture. |
| B．Blue means “add one,” and yellow means “subtract one”. |
| C．Math plays an important role in one’s life. |
| D．Five squares in the blue means food. |
| A．To prove that the fish finish the task by memorizing numbers. |
| B．To indicate the fish can do complicated tasks. |
| C．To show an important rule the fish had not learned. |
| D．To check whether the fish can apply this knowledge to new tasks. |
| A．Some fish can perform math tasks by memory. |
| B．Cichlids and stingrays have simple math abilities. |
| C．All fish are smarter than we used to think. |
| D．Scientific training is the key to math. |
Dogs are often known as man’s best friend—but in one beautiful instance, a man ended up being a best friend to a group of pets in need after a dangerous situation nearly became tragic (悲惨的).
Keith Walker, an Atlanta-based homeless man, could have run in the other direction when he saw local animal shelter W-Underdogs on fire. But he ran towards the fire instead and saved all the animals caught inside, though he was in great danger himself.
“I was nervous; I’m not going to lie. I was really scared to go in there with all that smoke. But my heart put me there to save those animals,” Walker said.
“If you love a dog, you can love anyone in the world. My dog is my best friend, and I wouldn’t be here without him, so I knew I had to save all those other dogs.”
The shelter is currently greatly wrecked by the fire and it couldn’t safely inhabit the dogs, says founder Gracie Hamlin, so all the animals have been safely moved to another shelter.
“He is my guardian angel,” Hamlin said. “Even the firefighters didn’t want to deal with the dogs. They called animal control, but Keith was already in the building pulling out the cats and dogs until they were all safe.”
Hamlin and Walker had already known each other because Walker, who has been homeless since he was 13, keeps his own dog, a pitbull (斗牛犬) named Bravo, at the shelter every night.
In fact, Walker came across the fire when he was on his way to pick up Bravo to take him for a walk. And that was how he was able to rescue all the animals—6 dogs and 10 cats.
Before you look down on homeless persons, remember that they are people just like you—and some of them are great, like Keith Walker.
1. What did Walker do when he found the animal shelter on fire? (no more than 12 words)2. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 5 probably mean? (1 word)
3. What did Walker intend to do at first before coming across the fire? (no more than 10 words)
4. What kind of person is Walker according to the passage? (1 word)
5. What inspiration do you get from the story? Please say it in your own words. (no more than 20 words)
