1 . In a paper published recently in the journal Seabird, a RSPB team documented the training, testing and performance of scent dogs(嗅觉犬) .

Scent dogs have regularly been used for conservation for decades. They are particularly effective at detecting birds that breed (繁殖) in holes and are only active aboveground at night.

Many seabirds show these same characteristics and some, including European storm petrels (海燕), are well-known for their strong scent. However, using scent dogs to detect seabirds has not been common practice in the UK.

The storm petrel is the UK’s smallest seabird. They spend most of their time at sea, only coming to land to breed in summer. They come ashore under the cover of darkness and nest underground in holes. Manx shearwaters (大西洋鹱) are similarly ocean-loving, breeding on land in the UK before going to the South American coast for winter.

These two species are threatened in the UK. However, surveying them is difficult due to their behaviours. The RSPB researchers tried to detect them by using their dogs.

Dog A, called Islay, was trained to locate and indicate storm petrel feathers. Dog B, called Dewi, is used to detect Manx shearwater holes. Dewi had learnt to distinguish between occupied and unoccupied holes and lie down to indicate occupied holes.

The study found that, with sufficient training and reward, Islay could find the precise location of the storm petrel and differentiate between storm petrel and shearwaters cents with 100% reliability. However, care was needed to ensure no combination of scents occurred. Similarly, Dewi had a high success rate in finding shearwater nest holes, although he was less successful at locating deep holes, probably because there was less shearwaters cent at the entrance.

Mark Bolton, RSPB principal conservation scientist and lead author of the paper, says, “The recent use of scent dogs to locate the nest holes of storm petrels on the, Isle of May is further evidence of the potential of scent dogs for seabird monitoring and I hope that this study will encourage more conservation practitioners to use scent dogs in their work.”

1. What do we know about the storm petrel?

A．It is the smallest bird in the world.

B．It returns to land during the winter.

C．It breeds on the South American coast.

D．It is active at night and has a strong scent.

2. What could Islay do according to the study?

A．Distinguish the combination of scents.

B．Find the precise location of a small seabird.

C．Tell storm petrel and shearwaters cents apart.

D．Confirm the entrance to a shearwater nest hole.

3. What does Mark Bolton think of their study?

A．It is significant for the Isle of May.

B．It aids seabird monitoring and conservation.

C．It improves the detection capacities of dogs.

D．It delivers ground-breaking insights into seabirds.

4. What would be the best title for the text?

A．Scent dogs helping detect seabirds in holes

B．Scent dogs serving to find nests for seabirds

C．Scent dogs first used for guarding endangered animals

D．Scent dogs revealing scents of several kinds of seabirds

2 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

It is widely acknowledged that    1    (protect) the environment has become a prevailing trend, but the reality is far from satisfaction. Meanwhile, with the development of economy, people are beginning to attach great importance    2    their health. Nowadays, an environmentally friendly activity—plogging—has gained popularity, which helps get into shape and conserve the environment at the same time.

So, what is plogging? As    3    matter of fact, it is a combination of picking and jogging, which means    4    (pick) up trash while working out. Many people think    5    (high) of it because plogging benefits us a lot. It not only helps us keep physically and mentally healthy but also is of great    6    (significant) to protect the environment and our homeland. People of all ages can participate in this kind of exercise, which can help get rid of garbage and make    7    (we) neighbourhood clean and beautiful. More than that, what is the most important is that it makes the public aware of environmental issues and    8     (arouse) their sense of responsibility.

It is strongly suggested that everyone in the community should take an active part in the activity and making contributions to make our homeland a better place to live in. So why not    9     (take) a trash bag next time when you go jogging? Don’t hesitate to take actions,    10    we will make a difference.

3 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Atule’er, a 200-year-old village in Sichuan province, made headlines around the world when photographs emerged in 2016 of schoolchildren     1     (go) down the cliff (悬崖) on unstable hand-made ladders (梯子)     2     “sky ladders”, as locals called them.

The two-hour climb     3     (be) the villagers’ only way to access the outside world. In recent years, local authorities have replaced their hand-made ladders with a steel one,     4     (extreme) reducing their travel time.

This week, however, 84 households of Atule’er left the ladders behind     5     good, resettling in apartment blocks closer to     6     town centre of Zhaojue county, 46 miles away. They live in new apartments ranging from 25 square meters to 100 square meters,     7     have modern kitchens, toilets, running water, electricity and gas.

Not all villagers have been relocated, however—about 30 households are planning to stay. Atule’er has become a tourist attraction.     8     (far) development will service that industry, with officials plotting     9     (build) a cable car to carry tourists up and down the cliff.

In 2019, the Chinese government had made a     10     (commit) to lift all of its 1.4 billion people out of poverty by 2020. The clifftop villagers’ resettlement is part of that broader drive, and they are not alone.

4 . Quantum theory (量子理论) is perhaps the most successful scientific idea ever. Yet, a century after its birth, something remains deeply puzzling about quantum theory. It does not tell us how physical systems behave. Instead, it treats any physical system as a black box: if you do this to it now, it will react like that later. What happens in between? The theory simply doesn't tell us.

An idea has recently begun to catch on. Perhaps there is no need to make anything up about what lies behind quantum theory. Perhaps it really does reveal to us the deep structure of reality, where a property is no more than something that affects something else. Perhaps this is precisely what “properties” are: the effects of interactions.

Think of a simple object such as a blue teacup. Its being blue is not a property of the cup alone: colors happen in our brain as a result of the certain biological structure of our eyes and as a consequence of the interactions between daylight and the cup’s surface. Its being “a teacup" refers to its potential function as a drinking container: for an alien who doesn’t know about drinking tea, the very concept of a teacup is meaningless. As quantum theory shows: they are defined by their physical interactions with the rest of the world.

Then, it comes with a lesson. We understand reality better if we think of it in terms of interactions, not individuals. This is why, in classic game theory, the winners in the long run are those who cooperate. Too foolishly we measure success in terms of an individual’s fortunes. It misunderstands the true nature of reality, and is ultimately self-defeating, which leads to unimaginable consequence and prevents us from addressing challenges that all human-kind faces as a whole.

1. What possibly does quantum theory tell according to the text?

A．How physical systems behave.	B．How to treat physical systems.
C．What effects one has on itself.	D．What the structure of reality is.

2. How does the author explain “the effects of interactions”?

A．By giving an example.	B．By making a comparison.
C．By quoting a scientist.	D．By conducting a survey.

3. What does “It” in paragraph 4 refer to?

A．The consequence we bear.	B．The theory in classic games.
C．The fortunes individuals have.	D．The way to measure success.

4. What is the main purpose of the text?

A．To clarify a physics theory.	B．To draw attention to interaction.
C．To challenge a popular idea.	D．To present reflections on games.

5 . GET A BIRD’S-EYE VIEW OF THE WORLD’S MOST ATTRACTIVE FEATHERED ANIMALS WITH THESE BOOKS

Flamingo (火烈鸟)

Biologist and photographer Claudio Contreras Koob spent 20 years travelling deep into the wet lands and forests of his native Mexico—and beyond—to feed his flamingo attraction. This book offers a unique window into the behavior and life of red-feathered birds, with more than 120 show-stopping shots displaying their beauty. teNeues, £35.

Around the World in 80 Birds

Inspiring secrets, national pride or scientific discoveries, every bird has a story to tell, from the weaver bird building multi-nest “apartment blocks” in Namibia to the bar-headed goose taking on a twice-yearly trans-Himalayan journey at an extreme altitude. Mike Unwin’s tour is accompanied by beautiful illustrations from Ryuto Miyake. Laurence King Publishing, £22.

A World on the Wing

Pulitzer-shortlisted Weidensaul, who’s at the forefront of research into bird migration, here tracks some of nature’s most remarkable journeys. He sails through the stormy Bering Sea, encounters trappers in the Mediterranean and visits former headhunters in northeast India, where a bird migration crisis has become a conservation success story. Pan Macmillan, £9.99.

Galapagos Crusoes: A Year Alone with the Birds

Explore this updated version of the 1968 title, Galapagos: Islands of Birds, by late bird expert Bryan Nelson, with previously unpublished material from his wife, June. The couple spent a year living on two Galapagos islands, studying birds, including the Galapagos albatross (信天翁). This is their clever and amusing account. Bradt Guides, £11.99.

1. By whom is the second costliest book illustrated?

A．Claudio Contreras Koob.	B．Mike Unwin.
C．Ryuto Miyake.	D．Weidensaul.

2. Which book best suits those concerned about the survival of migratory birds?

A．Flamingo.	B．Around the World in 80 Birds.
C．A World on the Wing.	D．Galapagos: Island of Birds.

3. What feature may Galapagos Crusoes: A Year Alone with the Birds have?

A．Its humorous description.	B．Its romantic style.
C．Its vivid imagination.	D．Its moving plot.

6 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式

Indian’s snake charmers are to be retrained as wildlife teachers under a plan to prevent their unique skills and knowledge from being lost. The charmers, who make snakes dance     1    the sound of flutes(笛子), used to be a traditional feature of Indian life, performing in towns and villages,     2     they were banned in 1972 to control the trade in snake skins.

The government is now considering a plan to train the saperas, as they are known,    3    (visit) schools and zoos to tell children about forests and wildlife. There is also a     4    (propose) to set up a “dial a snake charmer” service to help householders to deal with unwelcome intruders.

“For generations they have been a feature of Indian life but now they can’t earn a living for fear of arrest,” said Behar Dutt, a conservationist behind the plans, “if a policeman doesn’t catch them, animal rights activists report them.”

Many snake charmers     5    (continue) to work clandestinely since the ban, despite the threat of up to three years in jail. But their trademark cloth-covered baskets,     6    (hang) from a bamboo pole carried across their shoulders, make them    7    easy target for police.

The fate of Shisha Nath, 56, from Badarpur, a village just outside of Delhi, is typical of practitioners(从业者) of the     8    (die) art. “I used to earn enough to support my family and send my children to school,” he said. “Now it’s hard to earn even £1 a day. My children want to be snake charmers. It’s     9     identity. We love the work. But it s become impossible.”

Next month Dutt’s project to train 30 snake charmers will begin at a snake park in Pune, western India, where experts will enrich their home-grown skills with some formal knowledge.

More than the law, though, it is the dishonest attitude of their fellow countryman     10     angers many snake charmers.

“'We’re disturbed all the time but when people want a snake removed from the house, they rush to us,” said Prakash Nath, who was ordered recently to the home of Sonia Gandhi, the Congress party leader.

7 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Africa’s great apes (大型类人猿) could lose between 85% and 94% of their range be 2050, a new study finds.

The threats     1    their habitats include climate change, land use, and human disturbance. If the pressure continues, their range     2    (continue) to shrink and their chances of survival will also be likely to decrease. With climate change, some of their lowland habitats are becoming    3     (dry), making it more difficult for great apes to stay. Animals    4    rely on those habitats have to shift their range in order to avoid extinction. All African great apes are classified as endangered or critically endangered. They’re all considered flagship species for    5    (conserve), the researchers point out.

The researcher Jacqueline Sunderland-Groves from University of British Columbia is part of the international team that studied how these threats have    6     impact on the survival of Africa’s apes. Their research    7    (publish) in the journal Diversity and Distributions.

New plans and measures to conserve great apes need to be made in the long term and employ the best science available to guide our efforts in many    8     (aspect). This study demonstrates how we can plan for great apes, placing our efforts on minimizing habitat loss, and extending the current network of    9     (protect) areas to maintain connectivity. We still have to rewrite the future for great apes, and now we just need    10     (make) this a reality.

8 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之成为一篇完整的短文。

Jack lived in a small village surrounded by forests and he had always been fascinated by animals and often spent his free time wandering around the woods, observing them.

One day, while wandering through the forest, Jack chanced upon a group of deer eating grass peacefully in a clearing (空地). As he approached them, they rushed away, frightened by his presence. Jack felt sad that the animals were afraid of him, and he decided to change it.

Over the next few weeks, Jack visited the clearing every day, sitting quietly and patiently, observing the deer from a distance. Slowly but surely, the deer grew accustomed to his presence and started to approach him and allow him to pet them. Jack was thrilled that he had gained their trust.

Inspired by his success, Jack started to explore the forest more and more, meeting different animals along the way. He encountered a family of rabbits, a pack of wolves, and even a group of bears. Although he was initially scared of the bears, he soon realized that they were just as curious about him as he was about them.

Jack started to bring food for the animals, and they started to see him as a friend. He would sit with them for hours, watching them play and interact with each other. He learned so much about their behavior and habits, and he felt a deep connection with them.

One day, while he was sitting with the rabbits, Jack heard a loud noise in the bushes. He was afraid that it might be a predator (捕食者), but to his surprise, a small fox emerged from the bushes. The fox was struggling to walk, and Jack could see that it was injured.

Without hesitation, Jack approached the fox slowly, trying not to scare it. He saw that the fox had a thorn (刺) stuck in its paw, and it was in a lot of pain. Jack knew he had to help the fox, but he didn’t want to hurt it further.

注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

He sat down next to the fox and started talking to it in a soft voice.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

As he grew older, Jack’s love for animals grew stronger.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

9 . The Daintree rainforest is overflowing with flora (植物群) and fauna (动物群) not found anywhere else in the world. It is also believed to be the oldest continual area of tropical rainforest in existence. With more than half of the world’s rainforests already destroyed,   here’s why it is important to help support activities to ensure this impressing part of Australia can’t be developed.

HalfCut is an innovative charity created in 2017 which is helping to save the Daintree rainforest in Far North Queensland. In fact, during the covid lockdowns of 2021, they helped raise more than $1.2 million for the Daintree “buy back” program which protected over 500,000 square metres of endangered Daintree rainforest. This is equal to 123.55 footbal fields worth of tropical rainforest.

Anyone wanting to support the protection of the Daintree is welcome by HalfCut. Created by James Standon-Cooke and life partner Jessie Clarke, this environmental activity is challenging you to cut off half of your hair, beard or moustache, since half stylish face makeup, baking goods, and even the odd half cut lawn have been popular more recently. If you feel like spending hundreds of dollars in colouring, then style your hair a different shade or braid (编) half of your hair, undercut or even get a normal haircut showing half of the length removed. Visit www. Go. HalfCut. org to share your new hairdo on social media with friends and family to help raise money. Every $2. 50 is one more square metre saved of the world’s oldest rainforest. It is up to you how long you stay halfcut. It may be for a day, a week or even a month. All money donated helps protect Daintree Rainforest in Far North Queensland which provides crucial habitat for many endangered species.

Don’t want to mess with your perfect hair? Then help spread the word by buying a HalfCut T-shirt, bag, hat or jacket and save 10 square metres of rainforest for life per purchase, or simply make a donation to this great cause. It is all about doing your bit to help to protect the oldest rainforest in the world.

1. Why do people protect the Daintree rainforest?

A．It hasn’t been developed.	B．Half of it has been destroyed.
C．It has unique ecological diversity.	D．It’s the biggest tropical rainforest.

2. What can we know about HalfCut according to the passage?

A．It has helped save 123. 55 football fields.

B．It raises money online for rainforest protection.

C．It leads the fashion trend in the hairdressing industry.

D．It donates $2. 50 to rainforest protection for each customer.

3. What do the last two paragraphs talk about?

A．The origin of HalfCut.	B．The development of HalfCut.
C．The services offered by HalfCut.	D．The ways people can get involved in HalfCut.

4. What is the purpose of this passage?

A．To inform people of the achievements of HalfCut.

B．To advocate readers to support HalfCut and save forest.

C．To introduce current situation of the Daintree rainforest.

D．To raise government’s awareness of protecting environment.

10 . The suburb I live in backs on to a large nature reserve. One morning I saw a koala (考拉) sitting in a palm tree in my front yard. I phoned around to ask what I could _________ this koala, but no one wanted to know. I ended up _________ the koala out of my tree and we crossed the road _________ for him to return to the nature reserve.

I’ve always been befriending animals. As a young kid I used to pick up lizard eggs and _________ them. It stimulated my interest as to why there wasn’t anyone wanting to come and _________ this koala in my tree. After that, I signed up for all the _________ I could find.

Once I had accreditation (合格证), I volunteered with the RSPCA in 2014, rehabilitating (使康复) wildlife. I was an ambulance driver, _________ overnight rescues. We rescued hundreds of animals and _________ more.

One day, I thought why not _________ my own rescue group focusing on my backyard? I purchased a two-acre property and built enclosures on it to __________ injured animals. Last year, I planted 300 eucalyptus trees(桉树), with seven varieties to __________ the koalas.

I cut the leaves of the eucalyptus trees for the koalas to eat and look after the __________ wildlife at our centre. If they recover, they are __________ back to where they come from.

As a kid I would never have imagined doing this. I feel like I’m the __________ girl on the planet that I get to do what I love. I believe it’s my __________.

1.

A．learn from

B．do about

C．require of

D．save for

2.

A．kicking

B．shooting

C．coaching

D．blowing

3.

A．together

B．illegally

C．angrily

D．guiltily

4.

A．roll

B．sell

C．break

D．hatch

5.

A．rescue

B．admire

C．purchase

D．identify

6.

A．courses

B．races

C．fairs

D．shows

7.

A．watching

B．attending

C．recording

D．assessing

8.

A．made out

B．ran across

C．gave up

D．cared for

9.

A．leave

B．start

C．dismiss

D．advertise

10.

A．house

B．hunt

C．train

D．amuse

11.

A．confuse

B．direct

C．feed

D．test

12.

A．aggressive

B．hungry

C．deserted

D．injured

13.

A．sold

B．released

C．thrown

D．dragged

14.

A．quietest

B．greediest

C．noisiest

D．luckiest

15.

A．guess

B．calling

C．treat

D．fault