1 . There’s nothing quite like a winter wonderland. When the snow falls and the lakes and ponds freeze over, there’s a certain magical chocolate-box feeling to the world that ironically makes us feel cozy inside. However, it might be different for some of our pets.     1    . Even those animals who don’t mind a frosty walk or a house that’s cooler than usual may need some protection from the elements for their own good. As a pet owner, you’ll undoubtedly make sure that your pets are comfortable and properly winterized.

• Keep the walks brief

    2    . If it gets cold enough for you to need a coat, know that your dog is probably also feeling the chill. Therefore, mind the length of walks when the winter is just coming.

•     3    

If your dog is shivering a lot, it isn’t a bad idea to give them a blanket or a warmer bed. Avoid electrically heated blankets and pads as some pups might not realize when it gets too hot.

• Wrap them up in the right clothes

Make sure the clothes you choose fit them properly and don’t have any dangling bits they could swallow.     4    , if your dog is truly uncomfortable putting on clothes.

• Watch out for dangerous snow

Salt and antifreeze on sidewalks are potentially deadly to pets.     5    . If they are OK with it, put them in booties and avoid problems together.

A．It takes a dog about ten days to adjust to any temperature change

B．Give them a heat source

C．Don’t force it to get dressed

D．Take your dog out even in cold weather

E．Compare and purchase the soft clothes for it

F．Make sure you wipe your pup’s feet after every walk

G．The prospect of facing the winter cold may not be so inviting

2 . 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
1. What was going on in the town where the speaker lived?

A．A flood.

B．A forest fire.

C．An earthquake.

2. Why couldn’t the speaker see the sun?

A．It was getting darker.

B．It was raining cats and dogs.

C．The sky was covered by thick smoke.

3. Where was the speaker’s son?

A．He was abroad.

B．He was in town.

C．He was in the garden.

4. What did the speaker see on the road?

A．Trees were burning.

B．People were escaping.

C．Animals were running.

3 . Parrots are prey animals, which means that other predators (捕食者) in the wild, such as hawks or snakes, are looking to make them into a meal. This one factor influences parrots’ behavior in your house more than any other.

Parrots are most easily hurt when feeding on the ground. Membership in a group plays an important function in ensuring their safety and improving their chances of survival from attacks by predators. The most common predators of parrots include hawks, snakes, cats, monkeys, and bats. Some predators make attacks only during the day while others hunt in the night.

As prey animals, parrots are constantly watching out for danger and they instinctively (本能地) react to risks. Their first choice is to take flight. However, if this is not possible, they will fight with their powerful beaks to defend themselves.

Because their biggest enemy is the hawk, parrots are especially reactive to quick movements from above and behind. For this reason, it is wise to avoid quick, sudden movements near your bird. This is a built-in reaction not subject to logic or reason. Simple and relatively harmless household objects can draw extreme fear responses from a bird. For example, a balloon may represent a hawk or a vacuum hose (吸尘器软管) may be the same as a snake in your bird’s mind.

As prey animals, parrots are often frightened by exposure to new household items or strangers. It is important to expose your bird to safe experiences and changes starting at a very young age to build flexibility and improve their adaptability. Variety in diet and toys, travel, and exposure to new people and places all help to make your bird more flexible and adaptable to change.

1. What is important for parrots to better survive from attacks in the wild?

A．Living in a group.	B．Growing beautiful feathers.
C．Feeding on the ground.	D．Avoiding coming out at night.

2. What is parrots’ first response to an immediate risk?

A．To attack back.	B．To get away.
C．To protect the young.	D．To play dead.

3. Why would a balloon frighten a parrot?

A．It may explode suddenly.	B．It may be in a strange shape.
C．It may have a strong color.	D．It may move around quickly.

4. What is the author’s purpose of writing the text?

A．To explain wild parrots’ behavior.	B．To give advice on raising a parrot.
C．To call for action to protect animals.	D．To introduce a study on bird ecology.

4 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Marine (海洋的) creatures have long attracted scientists. Recently, researchers described remains discovered in northeastern Spain,     1    belonged to a turtle named Leviathanochelys aenigmatica. Living during the Cretaceous Period, the ancient turtle nearly matched the largest turtle     2    record.

Leviathanochelys swam in     3     (risk) waters. Its enemies included mosasaurs and plesiosaurs, large water creatures up to 15 meters in     4     (long). Other nearby enemies were sharks and rays. “    5     (attack) an animal of the size of Leviathanochelys possibly only could have been done by large creatures in the marine context. At that time, the large ones in the European zone were     6    (main) sharks and mosasaurs,” said Oscar Castillo, the lead writer of the study that     7    (publish) in the Southern in Scientific Reports.

Scientists found the Leviathanochelys remains near the village of Coll deNargo in Catalonia’s Alt Urgell area.    8    hiker in the Southern Pyrenees saw the bones covered by the ground. To date, researchers     9    (find) parts of the back of the shell (壳), and most of the pelvic (骨盆的) area, but no skull or tail. The bones suggest the creature had a smooth shell similar to leatherback turtles, with the shell     10    (measure) about 2.35 meters long and 2.2 meters wide.

5 . Landslides occur when large amounts of wet debris (碎片), including rocks, earth, and trees, slide down a slope (斜坡). They may occur as a result of fires, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, storms, or human activities. Landslides are particularly dangerous because they strike suddenly, move at extremely high speeds, and travel long distances. Although landslides are often difficult to predict, you can prepare for a landslide.     1    

1. Keep yourself alert and awake. Landslides can occur quite suddenly, so you need to be ready to take action at a moment’s notice. Many landslide-related deaths occur while people are asleep.     2    

2.    3     Your local community should have a designated (指定的) public shelter. Go to the shelter if your home is unsafe or the authorities have called for an evacuation (疏散).

3. Contact local officials about past landslides. Landslides tend to happen in the same area where they have occurred before.     4     If you are in an at-risk area, consider getting a site analysis of your property. This will help you determine any necessary corrective measures.

4. Make an emergency kit (工具箱).     5     Make your kit in advance so it is ready at a moment’s notice. Your kit should contain enough food and water to last for at least 72 hours, as well as supplies like medications, flashlights, batteries, cell phones, copies of personal documents, and cash.

A．Notice unusual sounds.

B．Go to a public shelter.

C．Here are some tips which can help you.

D．Talk to local officials about landslides in your area.

E．In the event of a landslide or other emergency, choose a place.

F．If you are with other people, work together to keep one another awake.

G．An emergency kit contains the essentials that your household will need during an emergency.

6 . Since the days of Charles Darwin, the long necks of giraffes have been a textbook example of evolution. The theory goes that as giraffe ancestors competed for food, those with longer necks were able to reach higher leaves, getting a leg-up or neck-up over shorter animals.

But a very unusual prehistoric giraffe relative reveals that, in addition to finding food, fighting may have driven early neck evolution. In a study published Thursday in Science, a team of paleontologists described the Discokeryx(獬豸盘角鹿), a giraffe ancestor, as having a helmet-like head and large neck vertebrae(脊椎).The Discokeryx evolved like this to absorb and deliver skull-cracking collisions to seek mates and defeat competitors.

“It shows that giraffe evolution is not just lengthening the neck,” said Jin Meng,a paleontologist at the American Museum of Natural History and co-author of the new study.

Head-butting is an ancient and widespread form of conflict solution. Dinosaurs like Pachycephalosaurs have firm skulls(头骨), and knocking heads remain common in bighorn sheep, chameleons and even whales.

But the researchers suggested that the Discokeryx was uniquely expert at head-to-head fight. The team estimated that collisions between Discokeryxes were likely twice as forceful as head-butting muskoxen, which strike each other at nearly 25 mph.

The series of interlocking neck joints haven’t been discovered in any other vertebrate(脊椎动物),living or dead,giving the Discokeryx the greatest head-bashing equipment yet discovered, according to the researchers. “This animal is an extreme example of using head-butting as a fighting tool,” Meng said.

1. What do we know about the Discokeryx?

A．Its evolution helps make and bear crashes.

B．It has tiny neck vertebrae.

C．Its thin neck can stretch to find mates.

D．It has a horn-like head.

2. What does the research find?

A．Whales move at the speed of 25 mph.

B．Muskoxen are good at giving a side attack.

C．Many vertebrates have amazing neck joints.

D．Discokeryxes hit opponents with big power.

3. What is the text mainly about?

A．How Jin Meng completed a research paper.

B．Why giraffes’ necks evolve so long.

C．How the impact force between Discokeryxes is measured.

D．Why giraffes’ development goes against Charles Darwin’s theory.

4. Where can the text be found?

A．In a:history book.

B．In a story collection.

C．In a science magazine.

D．In a celebrity biography.

7 . One afternoon in 2022, something on the Internet caught my eye：a tiny hedgehog (刺猬) held by a big hand. The post read: “HELP! My hedgehog abandoned (抛弃) her two babies, and I cannot raise both of them because I have to go to school full­time. Good home with experience needed as soon as possible!”

   

I had no experience with baby hedgehogs. I was an animal person through and through and had raised cats, dogs, birds, and guinea pigs. But this tiny animal was new to me, and it touched me that he was abandoned, that maybe I could love him and be the best mom for him.

I wrote the most heartfelt email I could. That was how I found my Louie. True to my word, he was my baby. Louie didn’t know he was a hedgehog. He never curled (蜷缩) into a ball, and he liked my two cats, no fear. The cats, however, were afraid of him, as he often moved into the room, running after the cats and blocking my way.

By the time he reached old age, Louie had only three feet. However, he still managed to climb the stairs to visit other animals. He helped me realize my dream of hedgehog photography, a hobby that began during childhood with cats and dollhouses. I love showing off his modeling.

Life has meaning because of the purpose we have. Louie needed a good home and mom, and in return, I got to be a good mother and be needed. Hedgehogs require great amounts of patience, trust, and knowledge—but the payoff (回报) is pretty great.

1. The author got Louie from           .

A．a pet shop	B．a family friend
C．a hedgehog owner	D．a hedgehog rescue center

2. How did Louie seem to feel at the author’s home?

A．Frightened.

B．Relaxed.

C．Lonely.

D．Tired.

3. What can we learn about Louie from paragraph 4?

A．He disliked climbing stairs.	B．He enjoyed being left alone.
C．He always refused to be in photos.	D．He was active despite his difficulty in moving.

4. What does the author say about raising Louie?

A．It was easier than expected.	B．It gave her a sense of safety.
C．It made her lose her patience.	D．It was satisfying and meaningful.

8 . What is the most shocking about the heatwave affecting the Pacific Northwest is not that it has hit a usually mild area, nor that so many long-standing temperature records are being broken. It is that those records are being broken by such large margins (幅度). In Portland, Oregon, temperature reached 46.6℃(116°F) — making it one of several cities in the region where former records have been beaten by a full 5℃(9°F). At the same time, heatwaves are also hitting central Europe and even Siberia.

Heatwaves may become headlines, but less attention is paid to them. In 2018 about 300,000 people over the age of 65 died as a result of extreme heat, mainly in India, a 54% increase since 2000, according to a report in the Lancet, a medical journal. The report also shows that, unlike storms and floods, heat does not lead to dramatic before-and-after pictures or widespread damage to belongings. It is a silent killer. As many as 70,000 people died due to a heatwave in Europe in 2003.

Heat also kills by worsening health conditions such as heart problems, so not all the deaths it causes may be directly attributed (归因) to it. Climate change will make heatwaves more common and more extreme. Even if greenhouse-gas emissions (排放) are cut to zero by the middle of this century, temperatures will go on rising for decades. So other measures are needed to protect people against extreme heat.

Governments can set up early warning systems to alarm health workers, shut down schools and stop outdoor activities. They can provide the public with forecasts of coming heatwaves, explanations of the dangers and detailed advice on what to do. Improved facilities can also help. This includes providing shaded areas, water parks and “misting stations” to help people cool down, and get to airconditioned “cooling centers” where they can find shelter and sleep if necessary.

The world is, undoubtedly, facing a big health challenge right now. There is no excuse for ignoring heatwaves and their effects.

1. What shocks us most about the heatwave in the Pacific Northwest?

A．It has stricken a usually mild area.

B．It hits central Europe except Siberia.

C．Many temperature records are being broken.

D．Many records are being broken by large margins.

2. What can we learn from the report in the Lancer?

A．People have paid much attention to heatwaves.

B．Heat doesn’t cause widespread damage to belongings.

C．The damage of heat is as obvious as storms and floods.

D．About 300,000 middle-aged people died from extreme heat.

3. What can governments do to protect people against heatwaves?

A．Provide some cool places.	B．Build nursing homes.
C．Organize outdoor activities.	D．Shelter the homeless.

4. What can be a suitable title for the text?

A．Improving Public Facilities	B．Taking Heatwaves Seriously
C．Preventing Natural Disasters	D．Reducing Greenhouse-gas Emission

9 . “It is necessary for us to go to places that still look like the ocean as it was 500 years ago,” says Enric Sala, former professor at Scripps Institute of Oceanography. However, in most parts of the world, marine conservation is stymied by opposition from fishing, oil, and mining interests. A mere 7 percent of the world’s ocean has protection—mostly weak rules, and only 2.5 percent is highly protected. Outside of these zones, the ocean’s story is a continuing failure.

A few remaining parts of the ocean are the last wild places of the sea—the marine equivalent of the remotest old-growth forest in the Amazon—still unaffected by overfishing, pollution and climate change. Enric is working with the National Geographic Society and together launched the Pristine Seas project in 2008. Over the past 14 years, Pristine Seas has helped create 28 marine reserves, making up two-thirds of the world’s fully protected marine areas—covering more than two million square miles in all.

Now Sala and his team have set an even more ambitious goal: to see more than a third of the world’s ocean conserved for the purpose not just of sustaining biodiversity but also of replenishing(补充)fish stocks and storing carbon.

Pristine Seas worked with native Palauans(帕劳人)to give an ancient conservation tradition a modern change. For centuries, Palauans have used what they all “buls”, a Palauan word which means closure, to preserve and rebuild their reef fish stocks. Over the years they have created 35 reserves to protect marine life around their islands, some of which ban fishing permanently.

Sala and his team calculate that a 14-fold expansion of the fully protected part of the ocean, from 2.5 percent to 35 percent, would provide 64 percent of the biodiversity benefits while increasing the global fish catch by almost 10 million metric tons. Even that may sound impossible, but the alternative is awful. For now, we still get to choose.

1. What does the underlined word “stymied” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?

A．Frustrated.	B．Supported.
C．Accelerated.	D．Overestimated.

2. What situation does global ocean protection face?

A．Protecting the ocean influences mining most.

B．Ocean protection has achieved great progress.

C．Few oceans have been properly protected so far.

D．Current rules have been enough for ocean protection.

3. What can we learn about the Pristine Seas project?

A．It has protected two-thirds of the world’s ocean.

B．It sets unrealistic goals when protecting the ocean.

C．It asks to prohibit fishing in the 35 created reserves.

D．It has made some advances in maintaining biodiversity.

4. Where can we probably read this article?

A．www.newsflash.com.

B．www.worldissues.com.

C．www.scienceforkds.com.

D．www.eco-conservation.com.

10 . Canada’s new Dark Vessel Detection program is using advanced satellite technology to find illegal fishing ships that attempt to steal fish from waters around the world. Illegal fishing is a major contributor to the decrease of fish and their habitat destruction.

It is said that illegal fishing accounts for about 30 percent of fishing activity worldwide. It means that u to 26 million tons of fish are caught at a cost to the global economy of more than $ 23 billion a year. Illegal fishing occurs both on the high seas and within the 200 mile limits of coastal states. It has an especially negative effect on coastal populations in undeveloped areas.

Now, the government’s Fisheries and Oceans Canada, in partnership with the Department of National Defense and MDA (Canada’s space technology maker), has started a new program that has already led to fines on five foreign ships. The $7 million Dark Vessel Detection program uses satellite technology to locate and track ships. Some illegal fishing ships have switched off their location transmitting (传输) equipment, in an attempt to avoid surveillance (监视) and control.

The program offers state-of- the-art satellite data to small island nations and coastal states around the world. The local economies of those places are often influenced by illegal fishing. Finding illegal fishing ships from space will allow these small island nations to focus on their investigations and protect their fish.

“Illegal fishing threatens the health of our fish population and takes resources (资源) away from hard- working, legal fishermen,” said Bernadette Jordan, the Minister of Fisheries, Oceans and the Canadian Coast Guard, “This state -of the art system will help Ecuador and small island nations in the Pacific region deal with illegal fishing. Such illegal activity will do great harm to the Galapagos Islands and the food and economic security of its people,” she added.

1. What is the purpose of Canada’s new Dark Vessel Detection program?

A．To prevent sea pollution.	B．To assess the loss of fish farms.
C．To observe endangered fish species.	D．To protect the fish population worldwide.

2. What does the data in Paragraph 2 show?

A．The difficulties of undeveloped countries.	B．The slowdown in the global economy.
C．The seriousness of illegal fishing.	D．The general result of overfishing.

3. How do some illegal fishermen get rid of surveillance?

A．By speeding up their ships.	B．By finding remote fishing areas.
C．By hiding signals of their ships.	D．By fishing in the middle of the night.

4. What can be inferred from Bernadette Jordan’s words?

A．Island nations tend to suffer food shortages.

B．The interests of legal fishermen are threatened.

C．The tracking system will be applied to more fields.

D．Stricter laws will be made for the fishing industry.