1 . In recent years, Ethiopia has become a leader in solid waste management in Africa. Last year, the country transformed a rubbish site into a new waste-to-energy plant. The plant incinerates up to 1,400 tons of solid rubbish every day, supplying the capital with 25 percent of its electricity need.

Despite the great progress, challenges remain in Ethiopia. Laws and policies for the management of harmful wastes are still at an early stage and not effective in preventing illegal dumping (倾倒) of waste.

To help Ethiopia meet these challenges, the Waste Management Program that has been founded is supporting the country with a three-year project to improve institutional ability of sound management of harmful wastes.

In the initial stages, a project management unit will be formed. This unit will be responsible for reviewing and assessing Ethiopia’s present law frameworks, which does not specifically target the importation, production, transport, use and disposal (处理) of harmful wastes. Once legal gaps (漏洞) are identified, the project will seek to update existing law frameworks.

This project will work to promote the participation of women in policy development and decision-making processes. This will help make sure that existing policies and programs, as well as future institutional changes, are assessed with particular attention to women.

Many people in Ethiopia are not aware of the criminal influences of environmental violations and the need to report such crimes to the police. To solve this problem, Ethiopia will be conducting a series of activities, including creating awareness-raising programs. Ethiopia will also set up a national cooperation system for waste management. Authorities will also make budget in national and regional planning to make sure that these policies can survive even after the project’s completion.

The depth and breadth of these actions will make sure that this project has a lasting influence. In so doing, the recent progress Ethiopia has made in waste management will be not only kept, but become the basis for an environmental policy for years to come.

1. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “incinerates” in paragraph 1？

A．Creates.

B．Burns.

C．Gathers.

D．Absorbs.

2. What led to the set-up of the Waste Management Program？

A．The immaturity of the environmental laws.	B．The effect of solid waste management.
C．The support of Ethiopia’s government.	D．The transformation of the rubbish sites.

3. What is the problem with people in Ethiopia according to the text?

A．Their tolerance of environmental pollution.	B．Their discrimination against women in life.
C．Their ignorance of environmental protection.	D．Their resistance to the environmental policies.

4. What is the text mainly talking about?

A．How Ethiopia tries to protect environment.	B．Why waste management is effective in Ethiopia.
C．How Ethiopia’s women affect policies.	D．Who has the word in environmental protection.

2 . Beavers (海狸) and their dams can positively impact essentially any environment they’re placed in, even the extreme heat of the Moab Desert in Utah. And that is what a university researcher has founded. Looking for solutions to drought and wildfires, a Utah State University student Emma Doden began relocating (搬迁) beavers caught in other parts of the state into small, struggling waterways around the Price and San Rafael rivers.

Studies have shown that beaver dams can vastly improve the quality of wetlands and streams leading to better animal life and improved river health. It was for this service that the “ecosystem engineer” was targeted by Doden as a potential rescuer, even if the idea relocating beavers to the desert caused a few raised eyebrows. “We believed the system could support a lot more beavers”, Doden said, “and we wanted to supplement it with beavers.”

“Beaver dams are gaining popularity as a low-tech, low-cost strategy to build climate resiliency (还原能力) at the landscape scale,” says one study. “They slow and store water that can be accessed by plants during dry periods, effectively protecting riverside ecosystems from droughts.” Another study found that the ponds which are created on the dammed side of the beaver homes can store huge amounts of sediment (沉淀物) then distribute it more safely around the river ecosystem.

This is the case, the study found, both in entirely wild areas with no human activities and those near to intense agricultural regions, meaning that no matter the conditions of sedimentation, beaver dams can help keep waterways clearer. Doden’s university has a program for catching beavers and relocating them to the desert, where they will build dams to provide these benefits. “The eventual goal is to get them to build dams,” she said. “The dams are what are going to increase habitat complexity and restore water.”

1. Why did Emma Doden begin relocating beavers into other places?

A．Because beavers can positively impact the environment there.

B．Because the number of beavers has increased sharply.

C．Because beavers have the ability to survive in extreme conditions.

D．Because beavers are doing harm to the environment in original places.

2. What can we know about the idea of relocating beavers to the desert?

A．It surprised some people.	B．It could cause damage to the desert.
C．It would pose a threat to the lives of beavers.	D．It was resisted by many researchers.

3. What do the researchers think of beaver dams?

A．Expensive.

B．Profitable.

C．Eco-friendly.

D．Technology-demanding.

4. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?

A．Entertainment.

B．Health.

C．Education.

D．Science.

3 . The Australian Koala Foundation says Australia has lost about 30 percent of its koalas over the past three years. The non—profit group says drought, wildfires and development projects played a part in the drop in the koala population. They are asking the government to do more to protect the creature’s environment.

The group said the koala population has dropped to less than 58,000 this year from more than 80,000 in 2018. The biggest decrease(减少) was in the state of New South Wales, where the numbers have dropped by 41 percent. Deborah Tabart leads the Australian Koala Foundation. She called the drop quite huge. Only one area in the study was estimated(预估) to have more than 5,000 koalas. Some areas were estimated to have as few as five or ten.

Tabart said, “What we’re concerned about are places like western New South Wales where the drought over the last ten years has just had this cumulative(积累) effect, river systems completely dry for years, and red gum plants, which are the lifeblood of koalas, are dead.” The loss in New South Wales likely sped up after large forest areas were destroyed by wildfires in late 2019 and early 2020. But some of those areas already had no koalas.

Tabart said the country needs a koala protection law. Land clearing by property developers and road builders has also destroyed the koala’s environment. “I think everyone gets it that we’ve got to change. But it bulldozers (推土机) keep working, then I really fear for the koalas,” Tabart said.

1. How did the author develop the second paragraph?

A．By giving numbers.	B．By telling stories.
C．By following the time order.	D．By comparing opinions.

2. What do we know from paragraph 3?

A．The harm to koalas from wildfires.

B．The bad effect of development.

C．The death of various trees.

D．Some causes of the decrease in koalas.

3. What did Tabart mainly suggest in order to protect koalas?

A．Fighting against climate change.

B．Making a special law.

C．Stopping housing building.

D．Keeping wildfires from spreading.

4. What can be a suitable title for the text?

A．Australia’s Wild Animals Are Facing Big Danger

B．Effects of Australia’s Wildfires Are Beginning to Show Up

C．Australia Lost One-Third of Its Koalas in Last Three Years

D．Koalas in Australia Could Disappear from the Earth in the Future

4 . Steve Forest is a scientist. He’s standing on an island off the coast of the Antarctic Peninsula. Below him are several hundred penguins and their children. Forrest’s job is to count every one of them. It's snowing. There is a big wind, too. And their children won’t stay still. Penguins are great climbers. So Forrest and the team members must be too. And penguins aren't always clean.

Forrest has been coming to Antarctica every January for six years. He's helping count the area’s penguins. This will help researchers better understand the Antarctic environment. There used to be lots of penguins in Antarctica, “It's all because of climate change,” Heather J. Lynch says seriously. She is leading the research team. The team member Noah Strycker adds, “We know climate change is hitting the Antarctic Peninsula harder than anywhere else in the world. We are following the situation closely.”

Scientists think that warming waters do harm to krill, the tiny animals that penguins eat. This is bad for the sea life. But krill are hard to study, so researchers pay attention to penguins. They’re easier to follow. They return to the same place each year to lay eggs. If penguins aren't doing well , krill probably aren't either. “Penguins give us an idea about what is going on in the sea around us,” Forrest says.

This year, Lynch’s research team uses a drone to help them. They fly it over an area to take pictures to count penguins.

Counting penguins is quite necessary. The more we learn, the more we know about krill and the ocean animals that depend on them. When we understand them, we can start fixing them. We should consider carefully what Lynch says: “What’s happening in the Antarctic is happening everywhere.”

1. What is required of scientists like Forrest according to Paragraph 1?

A．Being clean.	B．Being good at math.
C．Being cool-headed.	D．Being skilled in climbing.

2. What's the point of counting penguins in the Antarctie?

A．To protect this animal species from extinction.

B．To help find out how many krill might be living

C．To have a better knowledge of the Antarctic environment

D．To collect first-hand data for analyzing global warming.

3. What does the underlined word “them” in the last paragraph refer to?

A．Scientists.

B．Krill.

C．Penguins.

D．Ocean animals.

4. What can be inferred from the text?

A．Penguins lay eggs in the same place on the island every year.

B．The penguin population is increasing due to climate change.

C．The penguin population determines the krill population.

D．Climate change is most obvious in the Antarctic Peninsula.

5 . The London Eye which is 450 feet in height above the Thames River is the world’s biggest spinning structure. It is one hundred feet taller than Big Ben and weighs 1,600 tons. It was built to celebrate the year 2000. Maybe building such a big spinning structure suggested that people longed for bigger and better things in the future.

In London Eye,there are 32 capsules (舱)．Each of the capsules can hold up to 25 people. And they’re air conditioned in summer,heated in winter. From these capsules the visitors can see the most beautiful views of London.

It was difficult to assemble (安装) and put a wheel of this size. And it required new technology and a lot of imagination. The parts of London Eye were sent up the Thames River，and the wheel was assembled on temporary (暂时的) platforms on the river. Lifting it into an upright position was a major challenge. It took a week to winch (吊) it up to its final position.

Now the London Eye is regarded as a monument to new millennium. And many visitors from all over the world come to visit it.

1. How tall is Big Ben?

A．450 feet

B．350 feet

C．550 feet

D．250 feet

2. Why did London build the London Eye?

A．To set a new record

B．To celebrate the Queen’s birthday

C．To celebrate the coming of 2000

D．To beat the first observation wheel in Chicago

3. The underlined phrase "sent up"in Paragraph 3 probably means ________．

A．pick up

B．grow up

C．made up

D．lifted up

4. From the text,we can learn that ________.

A．it took great trouble for people to build the London Eye

B．the London Eye has been changed into a monument

C．the latest technology was used to assemble the London Eye

D．imagination is very important to build the London Eye

6 . 随着社会的发展，环境的恶化，栖息地遭到破坏，人类的捕杀等原因，许多野生动物处境十分危险，请以How to protect wild animals为题写一篇作文。
注意：词数100左右，可适当发挥
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7 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。

Today, giant pandas are one of the world's most well-known animals. And they are     1     (global) recognized as being a leading symbol of both China and nature conservation in general. But global interest     2     the animal only took off early in the 20th century.

The idea of the WWF's logo(标志)     3     (come) from Chi-Chi: a giant panda that arrived at London Zoo in 1961 — the same year that WWF     4     (create).

Aware of the need for a recognisable symbol that would break through all language barriers(障碍), WWF's founders agreed that the big, furry bear with her special black and white coat would make a great logo. The first sketches(草图) were done by the British environmentalist and     5     (art), Gerald Watterson.

Based on these, Sir Peter Scott, one of WWF's founders, drew     6     first logo. He said at the time that “we wanted an animal that was beautiful,     7     (endanger), and loved by many people in the world for     8     (it) attractive qualities. We also wanted an animal that had an impact(影响力) in black and white     9     (save) money on printing costs.”

The panda has since become a symbol not just for WWF,     10     for the conservation movement as a whole.

8 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. What major did the man study at university?

A．Social Sciences.

B．Environmental Sciences.

C．Geography.

2. In which country did the man study?

A．Japan.

B．The Philippines.

C．The United Kingdom.

3. What is the population of the Philippines?

A．About 75 million.

B．About 70 million.

C．About 7 million.

4. What is the man surprised at in the sea of the Philippines?

A．Beautiful fish.

B．Lots of fishes.

C．Coral reefs.

9 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Electric vehicles (EVs) are a strong weapon in the world’s efforts     1     global warming, But the effects of EVs depend on which country you are in, new research shows.

The researchers compared gas emissions (排放) caused by charging an EV to drive 100 kilometers with the emissions     2     (come) from an average gasoline car driven the same     3     ( distant).

Countries     4     charging an electric vehicle is     5     (clean) than driving a gasoline-powered car use a lot of hydroelectric (水电), nuclear or solar power. Data suggests that an electric vehicle in Poland actually     6     (create) more carbon emissions because its electric system depends so much on coal. In other European countries, however, EVs result in reduced emissions.

Germany creates a lot of electricity from the sun and wind. But they do not add to the electricity system     7     (equal) throughout the day. For this reason, the amount of carbon emissions saved by driving an EV depends on the time of day when it     8     (charge). Charging in the afternoon, when there is more sun and wind, saves 16 to 18 percent more carbon than at night when electricity systems are more likely     9     (use) gas or coal.

The gap in emissions between electric and gasoline powered vehicles has narrowed in recent years. In Europe, carmakers have been required to meet EU carbon reduction standards. They have made their gasoline engines more fuel-efficient. As     10     result, the carbon emissions of new gasoline-powered cars in Europe fell by an average of 25 percent between 2006 and 2016.

10 . Island Getaways

Beautiful beaches, rich cultures and untouched pockets of wilderness are just a few attractive characteristics of the best island vacations. Each of the islands listed here has something extra that keeps travelers charmed.

Principe

West of Africa's mainland, small Principe offers blue seas, yellow beaches, jungle peaks, whale-watching with received plantations to visit and locals to meet. Pleasant eco-resorts help, too. Principe is amazingly safe and welcoming to visitors, particularly ecotourists, for whom the advancing jungle is a delight.

Bryher

The handsomest of the Isles of Scilly, 25 miles from Land's End, Bryher accompanies rose gardens with a windy wild coastal path. You can follow the coastal path visiting the charming beaches including Rushy Bay which is a must with fine white sand and clear waler. You can also take a hike up one of the hills to enjoy amazing views across Scilly and out to a Bishop Rock Lighthouse witnessing the past glory.

Astypalea

Butterfly-shaped Astypalea, an unspoilt Greek island, which banned cigarettes in 2019. Pretty yellow beaches as well as churches in the math town. Chora Chora, the island's capital, built on a hill with a breathtaking view of the Aegean Sen. On the top of the hill overlooking the village, sits Querini castle which used to protect the island during the Middle Ages, but now it is the main attraction of Astypalea.

Dominica

Commonly known as The Nature Island, Dominica sticks out up from the shiny waters of the Caribbean to serve as a fairy land for travelers seeking thrills in a place that lime has forgotten. The best-kept secrets of the Caribbean arc lush rainforests, towering mountains, rushing rivers and welcoming waterfalls with volcanic wonders adding unique beauty to Dominica.

1. Which is a perfect destination for those who are interested in ecotourism?

A．Bryher.

B．Principe.

C．Astypalea.

D．Dominica.

2. What do Bryher and Astypalea have in common?

A．They have historic buildings.	B．They're famous for rose gardens.
C．They look like a butterfly.	D．They're surrounded by white beaches.

3. What makes Dominica special?

A．Towering mountains.	B．Rushing rivers.
C．Welcoming waterfalls.	D．Volcanic wonders.