1 . Earlier in the year we decided to build a garden in the heart of the village. We _______ a perfect plan showing our ideas. _______, we wondered how we could make it _______. As we didn’t have enough _______, a lot would depend on fundraising. But as it _______ out, what happened next was beyond our furthest expectation!

While we were _______, Butterfly Conservation in Scotland offered us enough wildflower seeds to _______ the whole area on our plan. The _______ was that we would have to so w the seed within a week, which _______ that the turf (草皮) would have to be ________ before the sowing!

So, I looked around to ________ a machine, but no neighbor had one. Someone ________ we hire one. I ________ to find a good one online but it cost ￡300. Not having the money, I wondered how we could get around this.

Last weekend, before we set out to plant our sunflowers, we received an unexpected________ ! As I spoke to a man living nearby, a lady approached me and ________ me £40! What a timely help. Seeing that, the man reached his ________ and handed me a donation too! I couldn’t ________ getting moved to tears and saying to them,   “Thank you.”.

All problems were ________ . We hired the machine on Thursday and set to lift the turf. I sent out a call online for Sunday ________. Finally 10 turned up, including a lady ________ of voluntary work. The soil was soon prepared and the seed sown.

We were just about to leave for the day, when my friend came with some daisies (雏菊).What a surprise! These daisies aren’t on our plan, but if the garden says that they’ll go well there, then who am I to argue?

1.

A．boosted

B．attained

C．made

D．assumed

2.

A．Therefore

B．However

C．Furthermore

D．Instead

3.

A．take effect

B．come true

C．go easy

D．make sense

4.

A．seed

B．space

C．time

D．money

5.

A．turned

B．figured

C．worked

D．broke

6.

A．puzzled

B．delighted

C．frightened

D．worried

7.

A．compose

B．clarify

C．channel

D．cover

8.

A．answer

B．price

C．problem

D．core

9.

A．meant

B．said

C．hoped

D．thought

10.

A．beaten

B．lifted

C．watered

D．burned

11.

A．purchase

B．design

C．borrow

D．hire

12.

A．suggested

B．ordered

C．required

D．guaranteed

13.

A．fancied

B．managed

C．stopped

D．rejected

14.

A．security

B．guidance

C．kindness

D．treatment

15.

A．charged

B．donated

C．lent

D．awarded

16.

A．potential

B．goal

C．conclusion

D．wallet

17.

A．avoid

B．involve

C．help

D．remember

18.

A．analyzed

B．resolved

C．discussed

D．released

19.

A．relatives

B．commanders

C．couples

D．volunteers

20.

A．fond

B．afraid

C．tired

D．ashamed

2 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Mount Fuji seems to be losing its World Heritage status and becoming the victim of over-tourism. The scenic spot was listed as a world heritage site in 2013.     1    , a jump in the number of tourists climbing the majestic mountain is     2     (threat) that listing. With so many visitors     3     (head) towards those trails, Japan is experiencing a post-covid tourist boom. Mt. Fuji is so popular in Japan that many Japanese hope to climb it at least once in their lives.     4     considerable number of climbers is causing environmental damage on the slopes. Litter is left across the volcanic ash, and large parking lots have been constructed to accommodate tourists.

A local official told reporters that: “Fuji is faced     5     a real crisis. Tourism has become uncontrollable, and we fear that Mt. Fuji will soon become an unattractive place     6     nobody would want to go climbing.” He added: “Fuji is screaming in pain. We can’t just wait for improvement; we need to tackle over-tourism now.” The mountain’s fifth base station     7     (witness) a 50 percent rise in visitors since 2013, with about four million visitors this summer. Another headache for local authorities is “bullet climbers”, people who have an     8     (intend) to ascend and descend Fuji in 24 hours. They risk getting altitude sickness and hypothermia.     9     (fortunate), the official climbing season ended on Sunday, preventing Fuji from     10     (far) damage.

3 . Having grown up in northern Arizona with the immortal Grand Canyon and the iron red plateaus of Sedona in my backyard, I believed that the southwestern state is home to the most beautiful landscapes on the planet. Towering mountain titans, a cozy valley and an infinite blue sky promised fantastic potential for exploration. For me, no newly discovered sights or foreign landscapes can compare with its beauty.

That is, until I was invited to explore Guizhou province by the China Storyteller Partnerships Tour. Had someone vividly described how beautiful Guizhou can be in poetic detail, they would not have done it exactly. There is no substitute for seeing with one’s own eyes. I will attempt to do so.

During my trip around the city of Xingyi, in Guizhou, I saw the artwork of the Bouyei ethnic group. They use dyes produced from local plants to make clothing of striking blues and greens. Local elders still practice weaving with artful wooden machines and pass that tradition on to their grandchildren.

My father used to drag my brothers and me on yearly fishing trips around Arizona. We would compete to catch the largest fish, and in the mornings, Dad would cook us a basic breakfast of bacon, eggs, and toast. I sat in a small boat in the middle of the lake, with fishing pole moving slowly in my impatient hands, and held my bored tongue while my father attempted to share with me the whispers of the wind, a fish dancing on the surface of the lake or the majesty of a hawk hunting for prey overhead. On my trip to Guizhou I had the opportunity to paddle on Wanfeng lake. At one point I rested, floating at the center of the lake, listening to the spaces between silence and taking in the surrounding karst (喀斯特) mountains. I thought about my childhood, and wished I had listened more closely to my father while fishing.

I’ve lived away from Arizona for 10 long years, carving my own destiny in China. I’ve managed to build myself a family, a career, a livelihood, and various projects. I feel as though I have everything that I need. For a moment, in Guizhou, I felt home.

1. What do we know about the author’s hometown?

A．Situated in the north of US, it is home to Grand Canyon.

B．It has varied landscapes, ranging from plateau to valley.

C．Apparently, there’s no comparison in terms of beauty.

D．The author spent his childhood and adulthood in his hometown.

2. What does the underlined word “substitute” probably mean in paragraph 2?

A．Experience.	B．Replacement.
C．Objection.	D．Agreement.

3. What is the purpose of paragraph 4?

A．To express his regret not listening to his father attentively.

B．To recall the most unforgettable experience with his family.

C．To compare the trip on Wangfeng lake with his former fishing trips.

D．To suggest that his trip in Guizhou takes him back to his childhood.

4. What does the author think of his life in Guizhou?

A．Inevitable.	B．Favorable.
C．Demanding.	D．Astonishing.

4 . Plants do not suffer in silence when thirsty or stressed, according to a new study published today in Cell.

Plants that need water or have recently had their branches cut produce up to roughly 35 sounds per hour, the authors found. But well-watered and uncut plants are much quieter, making only about one sound per hour.

The reason why you have probably never heard a thirsty plant make noises is that the sounds are so high-pitched that very few humans could hear them. Some animals, however, probably can. Bats, mice and moths could possibly live in a world filled with the sounds of plants, and previous work by the same team has found that plants respond to sounds made by animals, too.

To overhear plants, Lilach Hadany at Tel-Aviv University in Israel   and her colleagues placed tobacco and tomato plants in small boxes provided with microphones. The microphones picked up any noises made by the plants, even if the researchers couldn’t hear them. The noises were particularly obvious for plants that were stressed by a lack of water or recent cutting.

Plants do not have vocal cords (声带) or lungs. Hadany says the current theory for how plants make noises centers on their xylem (木质部) that transport water and nutrients from their roots to their branches and leaves. Water in the xylem is held together by surface tension, just like water moving through a drinking straw. If an air bubble (气泡) forms or breaks in the xylem, it might make a little popping noise; bubble formation is more likely during dry seasons. But the exact system requires further study, Hadany says.

The team produced a machine-learning model to check whether a plant had been cut or was water-stressed from the sounds it made, with about 70% accuracy. This result suggests a possible role for the audio monitoring of plants in farming and gardening.

To test the practicality of this approach, the team tried recording plants in a greenhouse. Pilot studies by the authors suggest that tomato and tobacco plants are not exception. Wheat, corn and wine grapes also make noises when they are thirsty.

1. What is the new research mainly about?

A．Plants can react to animals.	B．Plants can produce sounds.
C．Well-watered plants keep silent.	D．Branchless plants need watering.

2. What can happen to plants short of water according to Hadany?

A．They can create more bubbles.	B．They can feel less stressed.
C．They require less nutrient supply.	D．The y need lungs to breathe more.

3. What might the model be applied to?

A．Fruit growing.	B．Crop selection.
C．Water source protection.	D．Noise pollution test.

4. What might be a suitable title for the text?

A．How Plants Are Thirsty	B．When Nature Expresses Itself
C．How Plants Cry for Their Needs	D．When Creatures Hear Each Other

5 . It’s sometimes a challenge for scientists to explain clearly just how widely certain ecosystems in some certain areas around the world are being threatened. There’s nothing fuzzy about the term “extinction vortex (旋涡)”, however. That’s what one of the world’s most important forests Brazil’s Atlantic Forest — is now being called. Since colonization (殖民地化) in the 16th century, the forest has been reduced from over 1.1 million square kilometers to 0.143 million square kilometers. Now a new judgement of the variety of creatures in this place has reached some equally shocking results. More than half of the subtropical forest’s local mammal (哺乳动物) species have been wiped out.

“These habitats are now often severely incomplete, limited to not enough large forest remains, and trapped in an open-ended extinction vortex. This has never been recorded in both history and pre-history and can be directly the result of human activity,” said Carlos Peres, a biologist.

The study found that top meat-eating animals, like jaguars and pumas, were the most destructed. But when you’re talking about this great ecological destruction, everything takes a hit.

Researchers compared large and medium-sized mammals in the forest from the past 30 years. Basic records came from those taken when the area was first colonized by Europeans in the 16th century. This was a place that left European naturalists in surprise when it was first discovered, with its greenness and with the amount of creature diversity.

The health of the forest’s mammals is seen as an important sign because mammals are most helpful in helping plants spread their seeds, and also in controlling animal populations.

     “The mammal diversity of the once grand Atlantic Forest has been largely reduced to a pale shadow of its former self,” said Peres.

1. What does the underlined word “fuzzy” in the first paragraph mean?

A．Valuable.

B．Unclear.

C．Doubtful.

D．Impossible.

2. Why is the Brazilian forest called “extinction vortex”?

A．Because it is ever colonized by Europeans.

B．Because it is home to large forest mammals.

C．Because it is continually being destroyed.

D．Because it is reduced to a small forest in area.

3. How did researchers study the Brazilian forest?

A．By measuring the area of the forest.	B．By surveying the plant diversity.
C．By counting the creatures in the forest.	D．By judging the recordings of mammals.

4. What is the main idea of the text?

A．The decrease in Brazilian rainforests.	B．The future of the forest’s mammals.
C．The variety of creatures in forests.	D．The ecosystems around the world.

6 . Many owners dream of taking a walk with their dog without a rope and those dreams are not impossible.     1    

Tie a collar around the dog’s neck and attach a rope to the collar. Even though your initial goal is to train the dog to walk off-rope, starting his training with a rope keeps him under control.

Teach the dog a “watch me” command. It teaches the dog to focus on your face and watch your eyes, which is important to keeping the dog’s attention when you switch to off-rope work. Call the dog’s name and hold a treat close to his nose.     2     The instant the dog looks up and focuses on your face, give him the treat. Ask the dog to “watch me” frequently during the training until he maintains eye contact with each command.

Encourage the dog to walk close by your side. Keep a treat in your left hand, holding it just out of his reach. Tell him “Sit down” and step off, taking a few quick steps forward.     3     Slow to a stop, reward him with the treat when he sits, and praise him for remaining in position.

    4     You may reach the point where you feel your dog is so obedient that a rope is unnecessary. Nonetheless, have a rope with you at all times when you are training or just out and about with your dog.     5     And be aware of rope laws. No matter how confident you are in your dog’s obedience, those laws still apply.

A．Give the order and bring the treat toward your eyes.

B．You must tie a rope to the collar around the dog’s neck.

C．What you need to do is use a firm on-rope training first.

D．If he always focuses on the training, give him plenty of praise.

E．Always be ready to tie the rope onto his collar if the need arises.

F．Speak in an enthusiastic voice and hold the treat within his reach.

G．Repeat the on-rope work with the dog off-rope until he performs perfectly.

7 . Sydnee Geril knows life wouldn’t be the same without her service dog Tulsa. After all, the pup has ___________ her since the moment they met. The girl has a rare form of bone cancer.   ___________, she has a fear of needles, which means she often faints during the treatment. ___________, she has Tulsa to keep her smiling.

Geril was diagnosed with cancer in October 2017. She underwent nine months of ___________. While staying in the hospital, she found ___________ in visits from therapy dogs, which inspired her to ___________ a dog. She will never forget how ___________ she was the day she met Tulsa.

Life threw Geril another ___________ when her cancer returned eight months later. That’s when she ___________ to train Tulsa as a service dog. But it is a ____________ process. While the 2-year-old pup is still ____________ how to do her job, she’s already been a huge ____________. Tulsa can sense when Geril is about to faint and ____________ her by placing a paw on her leg. ____________, Geril has 10 to 30 minutes to react.

Unfortunately, when COVID-19 began, Geril had to ____________ bringing Tulsa with her to the hospital. She couldn’t ____________ catching COVID-19 through the dog’s fur. As the months passed, Tulsa’s ____________ affected Geril’s health. But everything turned around when she discovered a uniform which covers the dog’s ____________ and helps control shedding.

Now, Geril has her best friend at her side whenever she ____________ her. “I’m so happy to have her back,” Geril said.   “I honestly did not ____________ how big an impact she had until I didn’t have her. ”

1.

A．surprised

B．delighted

C．annoyed

D．depressed

2.

A．Furthermore

B．Anyway

C．Overall

D．Therefore

3.

A．Suddenly

B．Incredibly

C．Luckily

D．Consequently

4.

A．discussion

B．research

C．practice

D．treatment

5.

A．evidence

B．answer

C．comfort

D．effort

6.

A．rescue

B．adopt

C．sell

D．beat

7.

A．happy

B．regretful

C．afraid

D．confident

8.

A．argument

B．chance

C．plan

D．challenge

9.

A．continued

B．decided

C．pretended

D．hesitated

10.

A．fast

B．short

C．complex

D．mental

11.

A．learning

B．expecting

C．imagining

D．teaching

12.

A．problem

B．mistake

C．success

D．help

13.

A．encourages

B．alerts

C．changes

D．impresses

14.

A．In addition

B．On the contrary

C．As a result

D．After all

15.

A．start

B．try

C．keep

D．stop

16.

A．enjoy

B．risk

C．delay

D．remember

17.

A．absence

B．death

C．return

D．arrival

18.

A．legs

B．head

C．fur

D．eyes

19.

A．needs

B．aids

C．meets

D．feeds

20.

A．show

B．forget

C．claim

D．realize

8 . Irish architects Yvonne Farrell and Shelley McNamara were selected as the 2020 Pritzker Prize Laureates (获奖者), announced Tom Pritzker, Chairman of the Hyatt Foundation which sponsors the award that is often referred to as “architecture’s Nobel”. Yvonne Farrell and Shelley McNamara have practiced architecture together for over forty years in a way that clearly reflects the objectives of the Pritzker Prize: to recognize the art of architecture and consistent service to humanity as evidenced through a body of built work.

They were awarded for their generosity toward their colleagues, commitment to excellence in architecture, responsible attitude toward the environment, ability to be cosmopolitan while embracing the uniqueness of each place in which they work, for all these reasons and more, according to the 2020 Jury Citation.

As architects and educators since the 1970s, Farrell and McNamara have created spaces that honor history while presenting their mastery of the urban environment and craft of construction. Their works never repeat or copy, but are decidedly of their own architectural style.

Their native Ireland, an island dotted with mountains and hills, breeds their acute sensitivities to geography, such as the changing climate and nature, in each of their sites. The campus of UTEC Lima, one of their works, for example, is located on a challenging site with a highway sunk in a valley on one side and a neighborhood on the other. The result is a vertical building responding to both site and climate needs. Its open spaces are designed to deliberately welcome the cool wind from the ocean and minimize the need for air-conditioning.

According to McNamara, architecture anchors us and connects us to the world as a framework for human life. She adds that possibly no other space-making discipline(科目) can do this. Farrell continues, “At the core of our practice is a real belief that architecture matters.   It is a cultural spatial phenomenon that people invent. ”

1. What do we know about the Pritzker Prize?

A．It is personally sponsored by Tom Pritzker.

B．Its goal is to provide continuous service for mankind.

C．It aims to identify the architectural art through buildings.

D．It has been set up for more than forty years as “architecture’s Nobel”.

2. What does the underlined word “cosmopolitan” in Paragraph 2 mean?

A．Global.	B．Special.
C．Creative.	D．Environment-friendly.

3. Why is the example of the campus of UTEC Lima used?

A．To show its geographical location.

B．To show the challenge of building it.

C．To show the two architects’ sensitivities to geography.

D．To show how to minimize the need for air-conditioning.

4. What is the two architects’ opinion about architecture?

A．It is important to human life.

B．It is a crucial practice to all architects.

C．It is invented by people in the cultural field.

D．It is better than any other space-making discipline.

9 . This summer, daytime temperatures topped 100 degrees for a full month in northwest China. Southern Europe experienced waves of 100-plus degree days. Heat waves show a serious reality: human-driven climate change is making extreme heat worse worldwide. But health-threatening heat isn’t the only result of record-breaking weather: air pollution happens when the temperatures rise according to a new report from the World Meteorological Organization.

The new report, which focuses on 2022, shows the growing risk of air pollution connected to wildfires. Hotter temperatures increase the risk of large the risk of large, hot-burning fires, which can pump enormous plumes of smoke into the air. That smoke causes health problems near the fire but also for people thousands of miles downwind.

Extreme heat, also drives up the likelihood of drought, which in turn makes big dust storms more likely. Great clouds of fine dust blew off major deserts last year, particularly affecting the Arabian Peninsula region. Southern Europe also got hit by a major dust storm after a heat wave baked the deserts of northern Africa in the summer.

“That’s a very bad combination of conditions,” says Julie Nicely, an atmospheric chemist at the University of Maryland, who worked on the report. That mix is particularly dangerous for elderly people, or people with breathing sensitivities. “That is very bad for the lungs and the cardiovascular (心血管),” she says.

Air pollution levels have dropped in the past few decades in response to environmental regulations like the Clean Air Act in the United States. Ozone pollution (臭氧污染), however, remains a problem. The report authors point out that the extra heat in the atmosphere driven by climate change overpowers even the gains made by strict environmental protections. The authors suggested focusing on the importance of slowing or changing human-caused climate change as quickly as possible.

“Climate change and air quality cannot be treated separately. They go hand in hand and must be solved together to break this cycle,” WMO Secretary General Petteri Taalas said in a press release.

1. Why is the extreme weather in northwest China and southern Europe mentioned in Para l?

A．To introduce the topic.

B．To show the serious situation.

C．To warn people of the bad weather.

D．To compare two countries’ weather.

2. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?

A．Air pollution is likely to be solved in the future.

B．Climate change and air quality are closely connected.

C．It’s no use slowing or changing human-caused climate change.

D．People’s efforts to protect the environment make no difference.

3. What’s the result of environmental regulation like the Clean Air Act?

A．It deals with the air pollution completely.

B．It makes a big difference to the air problem.

C．It has made the problem of air pollution worse.

D．It is partly effective in dealing with air pollution.

4. Where is the text most probably taken from?

A．A science magazine.

B．A travel brochure.

C．A research paper.

D．An encyclopedia.

10 . The popular documentary series Aerial China (航拍中国) recently returned to the small screen. The latest and fourth season of it gives a perspective that is both excellent and informative. As the final of the series, the new season was shot across 11 provincial-level regions and started in the spring of 2020.

“The experience from the previous three seasons makes us more capable to follow wild animals while avoiding disturbing them,” says Yu, chief director of the series. China has made great efforts to protect endangered wildlife species and their habitats in recent years, and it has become much easier to spot rare species in the wild. Taking Tibetan antelopes as an example, the plateau-based creatures were difficult to encounter in the past, but the expansion of their population and enhanced research on their living patterns have allowed the camera crew to tailor plans to follow the animals.

Most close-ups for the season were shot by photographers from helicopters or cameras installed on drones (无人机). The vital moment for a successful shot depends on the mood of the animals or how good the weather is,” Yu says. In an attempt to fully show China’s huge changes over the past decade, the documentary series consulted experts from different fields to help select the most attractive shooting sites. In the final season, Aerial China has used 73 helicopters and 320 drones to shoot footage over an area of 900,000 kilometers, and selected around 1,000 staffers. More than 30 teams were assigned to shoot in different cities for the fourth season.

The previous three seasons have been watched by 850 million TV viewers and seen online over140 million times. For fans of the series, the director says he hopes that the new season will draw a bigger audience with its unusual perspective to show them China like never seen before.

1. Which can best replace the underlined word “perspective” in the first paragraph?

A．Reference.

B．Viewpoint.

C．Mention.

D．Standard.

2. Why are Tibetan antelopes mentioned?

A．To indicate a successful encounter.	B．To introduce new living patterns.
C．To show a biological improvement,	D．To save endangered wildlife species.

3. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about?

A．The team members’ roles.	B．The splendid shooting sites.
C．The hi-tech devices for shooting.	D．The efforts spent in the season.

4. What does the last paragraph want to tell us?

A．This is the last but one season.	B．This season is well worth viewing.
C．The series is popular with TV reviewers.	D．The series is intended for Chinese fans.